程序员用学位证吗_如何成为没有学位或新兵训练的开发人员-CSDN博客

程序员用学位证吗

Preface: This post is geared towards people interested in being self-taught because boot-camps or college aren’t viable options for them for whatever reason. As a self-taught developer myself, this is the path that I have experience with and can talk about confidently.

前言：本帖子面向有兴趣自学的人们，因为无论出于何种原因，新兵训练营或大学都不适合他们。 作为一名自学成才的开发人员，这是我有经验并且可以自信地谈论的道路。

Before I started my self-taught journey, I was interested in a potential career in technology. I spent a lot of time figuring out if it was possible, if I was smart enough, if anyone would hire me without a degree, if I’d make decent money, if I was too old, and on and on.

在开始自学之旅之前，我对潜在的技术职业感兴趣。我花了很多时间弄清楚是否有可能，是否足够聪明，是否有人会雇用我没有学位，是否会赚得体面的钱，如果我年纪太大，等等。

As someone coming in and looking for answers who had no background or experience in or around the industry, my ability to even find the right words when asking questions was severely lacking. So if you are that person trying to get into the technology field right now by making a career switch, I’ll try to remember back to when I was you and be as clear as possible.

当有人来寻找没有行业背景或行业经验的答案时，我严重缺乏在提问时甚至找到正确单词的能力。因此，如果您是那个试图通过转行而进入技术领域的人，那么我会尽力回想起我还是您的时候，并尽可能地清晰。

Side note: If you’ve read some other posts already that have put you down, I should let you know that there are many gatekeepers in this industry with fragile intellects that will tell you that you have to be 100% passionate about your work and spend 16 hours per day learning and working or you won’t make it. That you have to be naturally inclined towards this work, and even then you probably won’t make it. That what they do is extremely difficult and only the smartest people will be able to do what they do. These people are more interested in feeling good about themselves than in helping you. Don’t let them get you down.

旁注：如果您已经读过其他一些令您失望的文章，我应该告诉您，这个行业中有许多门卫，他们的才智都很脆弱，告诉您必须对工作充满热情，并且每天花16个小时学习和工作，否则您将无法做到。您必须自然地倾向于这项工作，即使那样您也可能不会成功。他们所做的事情极其困难，只有最聪明的人才能做他们所做的事情。这些人对自我感觉比对您有所帮助更感兴趣。不要让他们失望。

你不知道你不知道什么 (You don’t know what you don’t know)

You might be wondering how you begin getting into this field. Or maybe even what field you should get into. Or maybe even “What fields can I pick from?” As you may imagine, the technology field is pretty vast and there are tons of different paths. However, many of them are more strict with their education requirements.

您可能想知道如何开始进入这一领域。甚至您应该进入哪个领域。或者甚至是“我可以从哪些领域中挑选？” 您可能会想到，技术领域非常广阔，并且有无数不同的路径。但是，其中许多人对其教育要求更加严格。

I’ll be straight up with you, and this may be biased since I am one, but being a web developer likely has the lowest barrier to entry of any software job, it doesn’t require a degree almost ever, and has a reasonable timeline of learning before you become employable. I know that narrows it down from a lot of different options, but your best chance probably exists in the web world. That world on its own is pretty wide, so it isn’t as limiting as you may be thinking.

我会直接与您保持联系，由于我本人是一个人，所以这可能会有所偏差，但是作为一名Web开发人员，进入任何软件工作的门槛可能最低，几乎不需要学位，并且拥有合理的工作水平。成为受雇者之前的学习时间表。我知道这样做可以缩小选择范围，但您最好的机会可能存在于网络世界中。这个世界本身就很广阔，所以它没有您想的那么有限。

Once you’re a professional and have some years of experience as a web developer, you’ll have a much better chance of pivoting to another software career that has more strict standards that interests you more.

一旦成为专业人士并拥有多年的Web开发人员经验，您将有更大的机会转向另一个具有更严格标准的软件职业，从而使您更感兴趣。

This is just me personally, but web development was the most fun to learn as someone who wasn’t a child prodigy writing scripts at five years old. In the beginning you are learning HTML and CSS, which are languages that are used to create a web page. When you use them, you are instantly able to see the results of what you have written in the web page, which is fun!

这只是我个人，但是对于不是五岁以下的天才小孩子写脚本的人来说，Web开发是最有趣的学习。首先，您将学习HTML和CSS，这是用于创建网页的语言。使用它们时，您可以立即看到在网页上写的内容，这很有趣！

快速演示 (A quick demonstration)

If you’d like to do a very quick demonstration that shows you the rewarding feeling of instant visual feedback, follow along below. Otherwise feel free to skip this section.

如果您想做一个非常快速的演示，以向您显示即时视觉反馈的愉悦感觉，请按照以下步骤进行。否则，请跳过本节。

Open a blank tab in your browser, press F12 or ctrl/ cmd+ shift + i. A panel will open up that should look similar to the image below.

在浏览器中打开一个空白标签，按F12或ctrl / cmd + shift + i 。将打开一个面板，其外观应类似于下图。

Copy the entire content of the box here:

复制此框的全部内容：

<html>
<head>
<style>
  @keyframes rainbow {
    0% { color: red; }
    20% { color: orange; }
    40% { color: yellow; }
    60% { color: green; }
    80% { color: blue; }
    100% { color: purple; }
  }
</style>
</head>
<body>
  <h1>This is a header!</h1>
  <p>This is the body text that I can make <b>bold</b> or <i>italic</i> or <span style=”color:red”>red</span> or <span style=”text-decoration:underline;font-size:2rem;font-weight:black;font-family:monospace;animation: rainbow infinite 2s linear;”>anything I want</span>.</p>
</body>
</html>

On your new tab, right-click <html> that the red box is highlighting in the above image and click “Edit as HTML”. Replace the content of the editable box that opens with the content you copied above. Press ctrl + enter to confirm the changes. Instant feedback!

在新选项卡上，右键单击<html> ，在上面的图像中红色框突出显示，然后单击“编辑为HTML”。用上面复制的内容替换打开的可编辑框的内容。按ctrl + enter确认更改。即时反馈！

这需要多长时间？ (How long will it take?)

Hopefully you’re getting a little excited about the idea of this career. Then right after that you’re probably hearing all of the negativity and doubts in your head, such as “Yeah cool, but how long is this going to take — years?” Well, it depends quite a bit on your level of dedication and learning abilities.

希望您对这个职业的想法感到兴奋。然后在那之后，您可能会听到脑海中所有消极情绪和疑惑，例如“是的，很酷，但是这要花多长时间？好吧，这很大程度上取决于您的奉献精神和学习能力。

Learning is a complicated, non-linear activity. When I first started trying to learn web development, I quit on at least three different occasions because of frustration from trying to learn various concepts. But I always ended up coming back, and each time I was a little more resilient to that frustration. Those times I quit put significant gaps between my learning and made it take longer for me. I wasn’t perfectly consistent, although I did have a boring job that allowed me to put in quite a few hours on those days without much distraction. I also probably didn’t do the most effective learning strategies. A big part of the learning at first will be about yourself and how to you learn best.

学习是一种复杂的非线性活动。当我第一次尝试学习Web开发时，由于尝试学习各种概念而感到沮丧，我至少在三个不同的场合退出。但是我总是最后回来，每次我都对这种挫败感更有弹性。那些我辞职的时间使我的学习之间出现了很大的差距，并使我花了更长的时间。尽管我的工作很无聊，但我当时并没有完全保持一致，这让我在那几天投入了很多时间而没有太多的分心。我也可能没有采取最有效的学习策略。一开始学习的很大一部分将是关于您自己以及如何最好地学习。

Given that information and if I remember correctly, it took me about a year to get to a point where I was able to get my first part-time job. Even with my lack of structure and the gaps without learning, that’s not a bad timetable, especially when compared to someone spending four years (minimum) in college.

有了这些信息，如果我没记错的话，我花了大约一年的时间才找到了第一份兼职工作。即使我缺乏结构和没有学习的差距，这也不是一个糟糕的时间表，特别是与在大学学习至少四年的人相比。

我很适合这个吗？ (Am I well-suited for this?)

Let’s first dispel the black and white thinking that some people are born for this and others are not. Nobody is born to do this because typing code on a computer is not part of our evolutionary development, so that makes no sense. More realistically, what you have is people that will initially pick this up faster than others. Those that pick it up more quickly will feel like they are good at it and be excited to keep going. Those that get frustrated earlier will be more likely to drop out and chalk it up to genetics or whatever.

首先，让我们消除一些人为此而生，而另一些人却并非如此的黑白思维。没有人天生会这样做，因为在计算机上键入代码不是我们进化发展的一部分，因此这没有任何意义。更为现实的是，您所拥有的人最初将比其他人更快地接受此服务。那些捡起来更快的人会觉得自己很擅长，并为继续前进感到兴奋。那些较早感到沮丧的人更有可能辍学并归因于遗传学或其他。

This isn’t to say that we are all equal or the same, because we aren’t. Personality differences will definitely play a role here. If you are someone with high extroversion, nurturing, and agreeableness, you are probably geared towards working with people more directly and won’t be satisfied with this type of work.

这并不是说我们都是平等的，因为我们不平等。个性差异无疑将在这里发挥作用。如果您是一个外向，养育和乐于助人的人，那么您可能会更直接地与他人一起工作，而对这种类型的工作不会感到满意。

You hopefully know enough about yourself to know if this type of work is compatible with your personality. If you don’t, I would consider doing some reflection about what other interests you’ve had throughout your life and if this career makes sense for you or if you’re more enticed by money.

希望您对自己有足够的了解，以了解这种类型的工作是否与您的性格相符。如果您不这样做，我会考虑对您一生中有哪些其他兴趣，该职业是否对您有意义或您是否更受金钱诱惑进行反思。

Keep in mind that this job doesn’t have to be you in a dark room for eight hours per day typing code alone. That’s what I wanted it to be when I first started because I’m naturally introverted — however, as I’ve grown in this career, some of the most rewarding things for me now are collaborating with my team and exchanging knowledge and learning from fellow developers.

请记住，这项工作不必每天在暗室中花8个小时单独输入代码。那就是我刚开始时想要的样子，因为我天生内向-但是，随着我在这个职业上的成长，现在对我来说一些最有意义的事情就是与我的团队合作并交流知识并向同伴学习开发人员。

Let me also say that if your motivation right now is only money, that’s actually okay (at least initially). But it cannot be your only motivation for a long period of time. If you aren’t developing any enjoyment for the craft over time, you won’t be able to keep yourself motivated to keep going. That’s a good thing — don’t waste your time on something you really have no love for.

我还要说，如果您现在的动机只是金钱，那实际上是可以的(至少最初是这样)。但这不是您长期以来唯一的动机。如果您没有随着时间的流逝而对这项技术产生任何兴趣，那么您将无法保持自己的动力去继续前进。那是一件好事–不要浪费时间在您真正不爱的事物上。

This career does require some dedication. Like many careers, you have to spend a lot of time building up knowledge, dealing with frustration while you try to understand a concept, getting stuck and breaking through walls, and doing some less-desirable parts of the job that come with the territory (like fixing obscure bugs in crappy, old, legacy code).

这个职业确实需要一定的奉献精神。像许多职业一样，您必须花费大量时间来积累知识，在尝试理解概念时遇到挫败感，陷入困境并突破壁垒，并完成与该领域相关的工作中不希望出现的部分(例如修复糟糕的旧旧代码中的模糊错误)。

If you find that the sucky parts of the job are worth doing for the fun and exciting parts, then you’re in the right place.

如果您发现工作中令人头疼的部分值得为有趣和令人兴奋的部分做，那么您来对地方了。

其他常见问题 (Other common questions)

我能赚多少钱？(How much money can I make?)

It depends on your area, your field, your years of experience, your skill level, etc. etc. At my first job I only made $32k/year in New Jersey, but this was my foot-in-the-door position that allowed me to get professional experience and springboard into some serious money very quickly.

这取决于您所在的地区，您所在的领域，您的工作年限，您的技能水平等等。在我的第一份工作中，我每年在新泽西州的收入仅为$ 32k，但这是我当年的职位让我很快地获得了专业经验和跳板，赚了不少钱。

It is well-known and common in this field to move jobs every couple of years in order to gain significant pay increases. That doesn’t mean it’s always the right choice given your situation, but it is definitely a reliable strategy. For example, you can get a first job at $32k and gain two years of experience, then apply for a new job, demand $60k+, and get it. Then in your next job ask for $90k and get it. This is compared to staying at the same company for six years and getting marginal wage increases depending on how much they value you, but it depends on the company. The good ones will have paths for you to grow through the ranks and make pay jumps.

为了获得可观的加薪，每两年换工作是众所周知的。这并不意味着根据您的情况始终是正确的选择，但这绝对是一种可靠的策略。例如，您可以以$ 32k的价格获得第一份工作并获得两年的经验，然后再申请一份新工作，要求$ 60k +并获得这份工作。然后在您的下一份工作中索取9万美元，并得到它。这与在同一家公司呆了六年相比，边际工资的增加取决于他们对您的重视程度，但这取决于公司。好的人会为您提供升职的途径，使您的薪水跃升。

我足够聪明吗？ (Am I smart enough?)

This is a pointless question rooted in **imposter syndrome**. I’m five years into my career and I still deal with it myself. Spending time thinking about this is a waste of your time and energy. Practice a little stoicism and stop worrying about something out of your control. Your time is better spent getting started on learning and seeing if you enjoy it or not.

这是源于“冒名顶替综合症”的毫无意义的问题。我进入职业生涯已经五年了，但我自己还是要处理。花时间思考这是浪费您的时间和精力。练习一点坚忍，不要担心您无法控制的事情。您的时间最好花在开始学习和看看是否喜欢它上。

我不需要学位吗？ (Don’t I need a degree?)

A person with a degree is going to be looked at more favorably than someone without given everything else is the same. A degree represents their dedication, four years of learning and experience, and minimum knowledge of certain topics to an employer. That shouldn’t scare you. A year of domain-specific learning about the position you are pursuing will put you in a good place to apply for jobs with your own proof of knowledge.

有学位的人比没有其他条件的人会受到更多人的欢迎。学位代表他们的奉献精神，四年的学习和经验以及对雇主的某些主题的最低要求。那不应该吓到你。一年针对您所从事的职位的特定领域的学习将使您处于一个拥有自己的知识证明的理想位置来申请工作。

我不是太老了吗？ (Aren’t I too old?)

Ageism is a real thing. It can be a problem at slimy companies that expect their employees to work more than 40 hours for free because younger people are less likely to have outside obligations like a family. It can also be a problem if you expect to be paid more because you’re older and your younger counterpart is willing to be paid less. Otherwise, there’s nothing disqualifying you from making the switch.

年龄歧视是真实的东西。对于黏糊糊的公司来说，这可能是个问题，他们期望员工免费工作40个小时以上，因为年轻人不太可能像家庭一样承担外部义务。如果您因为年纪大一些而年轻的同行愿意少付一些薪水而期望得到更高的报酬，这也可能是一个问题。否则，没有什么会妨碍您进行切换。

入门资源 (Resources for getting started)

The best thing you can do is jump right into learning! If you want to get your feet wet into some web development, it is universal that you will need to learn HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. I don’t think you should rely too heavily on any single resource for learning as a self-taught person because that leaves you open to blind spots. So I’ll dump a bunch of resources of different types that I’ve used over time.

您可以做的最好的事情就是立即学习！如果您想涉足某些Web开发，则需要学习HTML，CSS和JavaScript是普遍的。我认为作为自学成才的人，您不应过度依赖任何一种资源来学习，因为这会使您容易陷入盲点。因此，我将丢弃一堆我长期使用的不同类型的资源。

- Codecademy — This is where I started. It holds your hand quite a bit (at least back when I used it), so make sure you break out of it at some point and start working on things independently from the website.- The Web Developer Bootcamp (Udemy) — A great course that will help you set up a development environment on your own computer, learn the important concepts, and then get you building full-fledged projects.- Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) — This is a website that you can use as a reference whenever you need to remember how to do something or want to learn the basics of the web, such as how the web works.- Free Code Camp — Similar to codecademy. A free, guided course to teach you web development front to back.- The Odin Project — Yet another guided course that gives you options on which stack of technology you want to learn.- Stack Overflow — This is the place that’s often going to show up at the top of your search results when searching your code-related questions. It’s a great place to get those answers that will help you move along. Learning to use a search engine well is an important part of being a developer!- A collection of resources — This is an extensive list of resources another person has come up with. Some of the ones I shared above are also on this list. It’s a couple of years old now so some resources on it may be outdated, but use your discretion.

-Codecademy-这是我的起点。它会握住您的手很多(至少在我使用时会退回)，因此请确保在某个时候脱离它并开始独立于网站进行工作。-Web Developer Bootcamp(Udemy) -很棒的课程，将帮助您在自己的计算机上建立开发环境，学习重要概念，然后帮助您构建成熟的项目。- Mozilla开发人员网络(MDN) -这是一个网站，您可以将其用作每当您需要记住如何做某事或想学习网络基础知识(例如网络如何工作)时都可以参考。- Free Code Camp —与codecademy类似。一个免费的，有指导性的课程，可以从头到尾地教您进行Web开发。-Odin项目-另一个有指导性的课程，可让您选择要学习的技术堆栈。-堆栈溢出-这是经常显示的地方搜索与代码相关的问题时，位于搜索结果的顶部。在这里，您将获得可以帮助您前进的答案的好地方。学会良好地使用搜索引擎是成为开发人员的重要组成部分！-资源集合 —这是另一个人提供的大量资源清单。我上面分享的一些内容也在此列表中。现在已经有两年了，所以其中的一些资源可能已经过时，但是请您自行决定。

I think this should be enough options to help you hit the ground running head first into your new career! Let me know if you have any questions and I can answer them directly. If I get a lot, I can write another post that expands on this one.

我认为这应该是足够的选择，可以帮助您首先踏上新职业的第一步！让我知道您是否有任何问题，我可以直接回答。如果我能得到很多，我可以写另一篇文章，以此为基础进行扩展。

Give it a try and see if you like it — you don’t have to take a huge risk to find out if it’s for you. This could turn out to be the beginning of a very lucrative and fulfilling career. I wish you the best of luck on your journey, and I hope to see you out there!

试试看，看看是否喜欢它-您不必冒很大的风险就可以找到适合自己的产品。事实证明，这可能是一个非常有利可图的职业生涯的开始。祝您旅途顺利，也希望能在那里见到您！

P.S.: Once you’re getting started in your career, look out for my posts about how to have a successful career as a developer. They’ll be coming soon!

PS：一旦开始您的职业生涯，请留意我的文章，介绍如何成功地成为一名开发商。 他们会很快来的！