powershell下使用linux命令,在 Linux 上安装 PowerShell

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-03 21:25:16 发布

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文章标签： powershell下使用linux命令

在 Linux 上安装 PowerShellInstalling PowerShell on Linux

02/02/2021

本文内容

GitHub 版本页面上提供有所有可用包。All packages are available on our GitHub releases page. 安装包以后，从终端运行 pwsh。After the package is installed, run pwsh from a terminal. 若已安装预览版，请运行 pwsh-preview。Run pwsh-preview if you installed a Preview release.

备注

PowerShell 7 是就地升级，升级后会删除 PowerShell Core 6.x。PowerShell 7 is an in-place upgrade that removes PowerShell Core 6.x.

/usr/local/microsoft/powershell/6 文件夹被替换为 /usr/local/microsoft/powershell/7。The /usr/local/microsoft/powershell/6 folder is replaced by /usr/local/microsoft/powershell/7.

如果需要与 PowerShell 7 并行运行 PowerShell 6，请使用二进制存档方法重新安装 PowerShell 6。If you need to run PowerShell 6 side-by-side with PowerShell 7, reinstall PowerShell 6 using the binary archive method.

对于未获得官方支持的 Linux 分发，可尝试使用 PowerShell Snap 包安装 PowerShell。For Linux distributions that aren't officially supported, you can try to install PowerShell using the PowerShell Snap Package. 还可尝试直接使用 Linux tar.gz存档部署 PowerShell 二进制文件，但是需要在各个步骤中基于 OS 设置必要的依赖项。You can also try deploying PowerShell binaries directly using the Linux tar.gz archive, but you would need to set up the necessary dependencies based on the OS in separate steps.

适用于 PowerShell 7.1 的官方支持平台版本Officially supported platform releases for PowerShell 7.1

Ubuntu 16.04/18.04/20.04(包括 ARM64)Ubuntu 16.04/18.04/20.04 (including ARM64)

Ubuntu 19.10(通过 Snap 包)Ubuntu 19.10 (via Snap package)

Debian 9/10Debian 9/10

CentOS 和 RHEL 7/8CentOS and RHEL 7/8

Fedora 30Fedora 30

Alpine 3.11+(包括 ARM64)Alpine 3.11+ (including ARM64)

适用于 PowerShell 7.0 的官方支持平台版本Officially supported platform releases for PowerShell 7.0

Ubuntu 16.04Ubuntu 16.04

Ubuntu 18.04 和 20.04Ubuntu 18.04 and 20.04

Debian 8Debian 8

Debian 9Debian 9

Debian 10Debian 10

Alpine 3.9 和 Alpine 3.10Alpine 3.9 and 3.10

CentOS 7CentOS 7

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7

Fedora 28Fedora 28

Fedora 29Fedora 29

Fedora 30Fedora 30

openSUSE 42.3openSUSE 42.3

openSUSE Leap 15openSUSE Leap 15

社区支持的版本Community supported releases

Ubuntu 18.10Ubuntu 18.10

Ubuntu 19.10 和 20.10Ubuntu 19.10 and 20.10

Arch LinuxArch Linux

KaliKali

Raspbian(试验版)Raspbian (experimental)

备选安装方法Alternate install methods

Snap 包Snap Package

二进制存档Binary Archives

.NET 全局工具.NET Global tool

Ubuntu 16.04Ubuntu 16.04

通过包存储库安装 - Ubuntu 16.04Installation via Package Repository - Ubuntu 16.04

为简化安装和更新，已将适用于 Linux 的 PowerShell 发布到包存储库。PowerShell for Linux is published to package repositories for easy installation and updates.

首选方法如下所示：The preferred method is as follows:

# Update the list of packages

sudo apt-get update

# Install pre-requisite packages.

sudo apt-get install -y wget apt-transport-https software-properties-common

# Download the Microsoft repository GPG keys

wget -q https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/16.04/packages-microsoft-prod.deb

# Register the Microsoft repository GPG keys

sudo dpkg -i packages-microsoft-prod.deb

# Update the list of packages after we added packages.microsoft.com

sudo apt-get update

# Install PowerShell

sudo apt-get install -y powershell

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

以超级用户身份注册 Microsoft 存储库一次。As superuser, register the Microsoft repository once. 注册后，可以通过 sudo apt-get install powershell 更新 PowerShell。After registration, you can update PowerShell with sudo apt-get install powershell.

通过直接下载进行安装 - Ubuntu 16.04Installation via Direct Download - Ubuntu 16.04

从版本页中将 Debian 包 powershell_7.1.3-1.ubuntu.16.04_amd64.deb 下载到 Ubuntu 计算机。Download the Debian package powershell_7.1.3-1.ubuntu.16.04_amd64.deb from the releases page onto the Ubuntu machine.

然后在终端中执行以下命令：Then, in the terminal, execute the following commands:

sudo dpkg -i powershell_7.1.3-1.ubuntu.16.04_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install -f

备注

dpkg -i 命令失败，未满足依赖项。The dpkg -i command fails with unmet dependencies. 下一命令 apt-get install -f 解决此类问题，然后完成 PowerShell 包配置。The next command, apt-get install -f resolves these issues then finishes configuring the PowerShell package.

卸载 - Ubuntu 16.04Uninstallation - Ubuntu 16.04

sudo apt-get remove powershell

Ubuntu 18.04Ubuntu 18.04

通过包存储库安装 - Ubuntu 18.04Installation via Package Repository - Ubuntu 18.04

为简化安装和更新，已将适用于 Linux 的 PowerShell 发布到包存储库。PowerShell for Linux is published to package repositories for easy installation and updates.

首选方法如下所示：The preferred method is as follows:

# Update the list of packages

sudo apt-get update

# Install pre-requisite packages.

sudo apt-get install -y wget apt-transport-https software-properties-common

# Download the Microsoft repository GPG keys

wget -q https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/18.04/packages-microsoft-prod.deb

# Register the Microsoft repository GPG keys

sudo dpkg -i packages-microsoft-prod.deb

# Update the list of products

sudo apt-get update

# Enable the "universe" repositories

sudo add-apt-repository universe

# Install PowerShell

sudo apt-get install -y powershell

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

通过直接下载安装 - Ubuntu 18.04Installation via Direct Download - Ubuntu 18.04

从版本页中将 Debian 包 powershell_7.1.3-1.ubuntu.18.04_amd64.deb 下载到 Ubuntu 计算机。Download the Debian package powershell_7.1.3-1.ubuntu.18.04_amd64.deb from the releases page onto the Ubuntu machine.

然后在终端中执行以下命令：Then, in the terminal, execute the following commands:

sudo dpkg -i powershell_7.1.3-1.ubuntu.18.04_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install -f

备注

卸载 - Ubuntu 18.04Uninstallation - Ubuntu 18.04

sudo apt-get remove powershell

Ubuntu 20.04Ubuntu 20.04

通过包存储库安装 - Ubuntu 20.04Installation via Package Repository - Ubuntu 20.04

为简化安装和更新，已将适用于 Linux 的 PowerShell 发布到包存储库。PowerShell for Linux is published to package repositories for easy installation and updates.

首选方法如下所示：The preferred method is as follows:

# Update the list of packages

sudo apt-get update

# Install pre-requisite packages.

sudo apt-get install -y wget apt-transport-https software-properties-common

# Download the Microsoft repository GPG keys

wget -q https://packages.microsoft.com/config/ubuntu/20.04/packages-microsoft-prod.deb

# Register the Microsoft repository GPG keys

sudo dpkg -i packages-microsoft-prod.deb

# Update the list of products

sudo apt-get update

# Enable the "universe" repositories

sudo add-apt-repository universe

# Install PowerShell

sudo apt-get install -y powershell

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

通过直接下载进行安装 - Ubuntu 20.04Installation via Direct Download - Ubuntu 20.04

从版本页中将 Debian 包 powershell_7.1.3-1.ubuntu.20.04_amd64.deb 下载到 Ubuntu 计算机。Download the Debian package powershell_7.1.3-1.ubuntu.20.04_amd64.deb from the releases page onto the Ubuntu machine.

然后在终端中执行以下命令：Then, in the terminal, execute the following commands:

sudo dpkg -i powershell_7.1.3-1.ubuntu.20.04_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install -f

备注

卸载 - Ubuntu 20.04Uninstallation - Ubuntu 20.04

sudo apt-get remove powershell

Ubuntu 18.10Ubuntu 18.10

安装是通过 snapd 受到支持。Installation is supported via snapd. 有关说明，请参阅 Snap 包。For instructions, see Snap Package.

备注

Ubuntu 19.10 和 20.10Ubuntu 19.10 and 20.10

安装是通过 snapd 受到支持。Installation is supported via snapd. 有关说明，请参阅 Snap 包。For instructions, see Snap Package.

备注

Debian 8Debian 8

通过包存储库安装 - Debian 8Installation via Package Repository - Debian 8

为简化安装和更新，已将适用于 Linux 的 PowerShell 发布到包存储库。PowerShell for Linux is published to package repositories for easy installation and updates.

首选方法如下所示：The preferred method is as follows:

# Install system components

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y curl apt-transport-https

# Import the public repository GPG keys

curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | sudo apt-key add -

# Register the Microsoft Product feed

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/microsoft-debian-jessie-prod jessie main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/microsoft.list'

# Update the list of products

sudo apt-get update

# Install PowerShell

sudo apt-get install -y powershell

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

Debian 9Debian 9

通过包存储库安装 - Debian 9Installation via Package Repository - Debian 9

为简化安装和更新，已将适用于 Linux 的 PowerShell 发布到包存储库。PowerShell for Linux is published to package repositories for easy installation and updates.

首选方法如下所示：The preferred method is as follows:

# Install system components

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y curl gnupg apt-transport-https

# Import the public repository GPG keys

curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | sudo apt-key add -

# Register the Microsoft Product feed

sudo sh -c 'echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/microsoft-debian-stretch-prod stretch main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/microsoft.list'

# Update the list of products

sudo apt-get update

# Install PowerShell

sudo apt-get install -y powershell

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

通过直接下载进行安装 - Debian 9Installation via Direct Download - Debian 9

从版本页中将 Debian 包 powershell_7.1.3-1.debian.9_amd64.deb 下载到 Debian 计算机。Download the Debian package powershell_7.1.3-1.debian.9_amd64.deb from the releases page onto the Debian machine.

然后在终端中执行以下命令：Then, in the terminal, execute the following commands:

sudo dpkg -i powershell_7.1.3-1.debian.9_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install -f

卸载 - Debian 9Uninstallation - Debian 9

sudo apt-get remove powershell

Debian 10Debian 10

备注

Debian 10 仅在 PowerShell 7.0 以及更新版本中受到支持。Debian 10 is only supported in PowerShell 7.0 and newer.

通过包存储库安装 - Debian 10Installation via Package Repository - Debian 10

为简化安装和更新，已将适用于 Linux 的 PowerShell 发布到包存储库。PowerShell for Linux is published to package repositories for easy installation and updates.

首选方法如下所示：The preferred method is as follows:

# Download the Microsoft repository GPG keys

wget https://packages.microsoft.com/config/debian/10/packages-microsoft-prod.deb

# Register the Microsoft repository GPG keys

sudo dpkg -i packages-microsoft-prod.deb

# Update the list of products

sudo apt-get update

# Install PowerShell

sudo apt-get install -y powershell

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

通过直接下载进行安装 - Debian 10Installation via Direct Download - Debian 10

从版本页中将 tar.gz 包 powershell-7.1.3-linux-x64.tar.gz 下载到 Debian 计算机。Download the tar.gz package powershell-7.1.3-linux-x64.tar.gz from the releases page onto the Debian machine.

然后在终端中执行以下命令：Then, in the terminal, execute the following commands:

sudo apt-get update

# install the requirements

sudo apt-get install -y \

less \

locales \

ca-certificates \

libicu63 \

libssl1.1 \

libc6 \

libgcc1 \

libgssapi-krb5-2 \

liblttng-ust0 \

libstdc++6 \

zlib1g \

curl

# Download the powershell '.tar.gz' archive

curl -L https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v7.1.3/powershell-7.1.3-linux-x64.tar.gz -o /tmp/powershell.tar.gz

# Create the target folder where powershell will be placed

sudo mkdir -p /opt/microsoft/powershell/7

# Expand powershell to the target folder

sudo tar zxf /tmp/powershell.tar.gz -C /opt/microsoft/powershell/7

# Set execute permissions

sudo chmod +x /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh

# Create the symbolic link that points to pwsh

sudo ln -s /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh /usr/bin/pwsh

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

Alpine 3.9 和 Alpine 3.10Alpine 3.9 and 3.10

备注

Alpine 3.9 和 Alpine 3.10 仅在 PowerShell 7.0 以及更新版本中受到支持。Alpine 3.9 and 3.10 are only supported in PowerShell 7.0 and newer.

通过直接下载进行安装 - Alpine 3.9 和 3.10Installation via Direct Download - Alpine 3.9 and 3.10

从版本页中将 tar.gz 包 powershell-7.1.3-linux-alpine-x64.tar.gz 下载到 Alpine 计算机。Download the tar.gz package powershell-7.1.3-linux-alpine-x64.tar.gz from the releases page onto the Alpine machine.

然后在终端中执行以下命令：Then, in the terminal, execute the following commands:

# install the requirements

sudo apk add --no-cache \

ca-certificates \

less \

ncurses-terminfo-base \

krb5-libs \

libgcc \

libintl \

libssl1.1 \

libstdc++ \

tzdata \

userspace-rcu \

zlib \

icu-libs \

curl

sudo apk -X https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/edge/main add --no-cache \

lttng-ust

# Download the powershell '.tar.gz' archive

curl -L https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v7.1.3/powershell-7.1.3-linux-alpine-x64.tar.gz -o /tmp/powershell.tar.gz

# Create the target folder where powershell will be placed

sudo mkdir -p /opt/microsoft/powershell/7

# Expand powershell to the target folder

sudo tar zxf /tmp/powershell.tar.gz -C /opt/microsoft/powershell/7

# Set execute permissions

sudo chmod +x /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh

# Create the symbolic link that points to pwsh

sudo ln -s /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh /usr/bin/pwsh

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

CentOS 7CentOS 7

备注

此包可以在 Oracle Linux 7 上运行。This package works on Oracle Linux 7.

通过包存储库安装(首选)- CentOS 7Installation via Package Repository (preferred) - CentOS 7

为简化安装和更新，已将适用于 Linux 的 PowerShell 发布到正式的 Microsoft 存储库。PowerShell for Linux is published to official Microsoft repositories for easy installation and updates.

# Register the Microsoft RedHat repository

curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/prod.repo | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/microsoft.repo

# Install PowerShell

sudo yum install -y powershell

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

以超级用户身份注册 Microsoft 存储库一次。As superuser, register the Microsoft repository once. 注册后，可以通过 sudo yum update powershell 更新 PowerShell。After registration, you can update PowerShell with sudo yum update powershell.

通过直接下载进行安装 - CentOS 7Installation via Direct Download - CentOS 7

使用 CentOS 7时，请从版本页中将 RPM 包 powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm 下载到 CentOS 计算机。Using CentOS 7, download the RPM package powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm from the releases page onto the CentOS machine.

然后在终端中执行以下命令：Then, in the terminal, execute the following commands:

sudo yum install powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm

无需该中间下载步骤即可安装 RPM：You can install the RPM without the intermediate step of downloading it:

sudo yum install https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v7.1.3/powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm

卸载 - CentOS 7Uninstallation - CentOS 7

sudo yum remove powershell

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7

通过包存储库安装(首选)- Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7Installation via Package Repository (preferred) - Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7

# Register the Microsoft RedHat repository

curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/prod.repo | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/microsoft.repo

# Install PowerShell

sudo yum install -y powershell

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

通过直接下载进行安装 - Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7Installation via Direct Download - Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7

从版本页中将 RPM 包 powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm 下载到 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 计算机。Download the RPM package powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm from the releases page onto the Red Hat Enterprise Linux machine.

然后在终端中执行以下命令：Then, in the terminal, execute the following commands:

sudo yum install powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm

无需该中间下载步骤即可安装 RPM：You can install the RPM without the intermediate step of downloading it:

sudo yum install https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v7.1.3/powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm

卸载 - Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7Uninstallation - Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7

sudo yum remove powershell

OpenSUSEopenSUSE

安装 - openSUSE 42.3Installation - openSUSE 42.3

# Install dependencies

zypper update && zypper --non-interactive install curl tar libicu52_1

# Download the powershell '.tar.gz' archive

curl -L https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v7.1.3/powershell-7.1.3-linux-x64.tar.gz -o /tmp/powershell.tar.gz

# Create the target folder where powershell will be placed

mkdir -p /opt/microsoft/powershell/7

# Expand powershell to the target folder

tar zxf /tmp/powershell.tar.gz -C /opt/microsoft/powershell/7

# Set execute permissions

chmod +x /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh

# Create the symbolic link that points to pwsh

ln -s /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh /usr/bin/pwsh

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

安装 - openSUSE Leap 15Installation - openSUSE Leap 15

# Install dependencies

zypper update && zypper --non-interactive install curl tar gzip libopenssl1_0_0 libicu60_2

# Download the powershell '.tar.gz' archive

curl -L https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v7.1.3/powershell-7.1.3-linux-x64.tar.gz -o /tmp/powershell.tar.gz

# Create the target folder where powershell will be placed

mkdir -p /opt/microsoft/powershell/7

# Expand powershell to the target folder

tar zxf /tmp/powershell.tar.gz -C /opt/microsoft/powershell/7

# Set execute permissions

chmod +x /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh

# Create the symbolic link that points to pwsh

ln -s /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh /usr/bin/pwsh

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

卸载 - OpenSUSE 42.3、openSUSE Leap 15Uninstallation - openSUSE 42.3, openSUSE Leap 15

rm -rf /usr/bin/pwsh /opt/microsoft/powershell

FedoraFedora

备注

Fedora 28 仅在 PowerShell 6.1 以及更新版本中受到支持。Fedora 28 is only supported in PowerShell 6.1 and newer.

备注

Fedora 29 和 Fedora 30 仅在 PowerShell 7.0 以及更新版本中受到支持。Fedora 29 and 30 are only supported in PowerShell 7.0 and newer.

通过包存储库安装(首选)- Fedora 28、Fedora 29 和 Fedora 30Installation via Package Repository (preferred) - Fedora 28, 29, and 30

# Register the Microsoft signature key

sudo rpm --import https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc

# Register the Microsoft RedHat repository

curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/prod.repo | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/microsoft.repo

# Update the list of products

sudo dnf check-update

# Install a system component

sudo dnf install compat-openssl10

# Install PowerShell

sudo dnf install -y powershell

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

通过直接下载进行安装 - Fedora 28、Fedora 29 和 Fedora 30Installation via Direct Download - Fedora 28, 29, and 30

从版本页中将 RPM 包 powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm 下载到 Fedora 计算机。Download the RPM package powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm from the releases page onto the Fedora machine.

然后在终端中执行以下命令：Then, in the terminal, execute the following commands:

sudo dnf install compat-openssl10

sudo dnf install powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm

无需该中间下载步骤即可安装 RPM：You can install the RPM without the intermediate step of downloading it:

sudo dnf install compat-openssl10

sudo dnf install https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v7.1.3/powershell-7.1.3-1.rhel.7.x86_64.rpm

卸载 - Fedora 28、Fedora 29 和 Fedora 30Uninstallation - Fedora 28, 29, and 30

sudo dnf remove powershell

Arch LinuxArch Linux

备注

Arch 支持不受 Microsoft 的官方支持且由社区维护。Arch support is not officially supported by Microsoft and is maintained by the community.

Arch Linux 用户存储库 (AUR) 中提供有 PowerShell。PowerShell is available from the Arch Linux User Repository (AUR).

可使用最新标记版本对其进行编译It can be compiled with the latest tagged release

It can be installed using the latest release binary

AUR 中的包由社区维护，并无正式支持。Packages in the AUR are community maintained; there's no official support.

For more information on installing packages from the AUR, see the Arch Linux wiki or Using PowerShell in Docker.

Snap 包Snap Package

获取 snapdGetting snapd

需具备 snapd 才能运行 Snap。snapd is required to run snaps. 按照这些说明确保你已安装 snapd。Use these instructions to make sure you have snapd installed.

通过 Snap 进行安装Installation via Snap

为简化安装和更新，已向 Snap 存储发布适用于 Linux 的 PowerShell。PowerShell for Linux is published to the Snap store for easy installation and updates.

首选方法如下所示：The preferred method is as follows:

# Install PowerShell

sudo snap install powershell --classic

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

若要安装预览版本，请使用以下方法：To install a preview version, use the following method:

# Install PowerShell

sudo snap install powershell-preview --classic

# Start PowerShell

pwsh-preview

安装完成后，Snap 将自动升级。After installation, Snap will automatically upgrade. 可以使用 sudo snap refresh powershell 或 sudo snap refresh powershell-preview 触发升级。You can trigger an upgrade using sudo snap refresh powershell or sudo snap refresh powershell-preview.

卸载Uninstallation

sudo snap remove powershell

或or

sudo snap remove powershell-preview

KaliKali

备注

Kali 支持不受 Microsoft 的官方支持且由社区维护。Kali support is not officially supported by Microsoft and is maintained by the community.

安装 - KaliInstallation - Kali

# Install PowerShell package

apt update && apt -y install powershell

# Start PowerShell

pwsh

卸载 - KaliUninstallation - Kali

# Uninstall PowerShell package

apt -y remove powershell

支持 Arm 处理器Support for Arm processors

PowerShell 可以安装在一些 Linux 分发版上。PowerShell can be installed on some Linux distributions. PowerShell 依赖 .NET 对 Arm 的支持。PowerShell is dependent on .NET support of Arm. 下列分发版支持 PowerShell：PowerShell is supported on the following distributions:

Alpine Linux v3.11 及更高版本 - .NET 支持 Arm64，但暂无适用于 PowerShell 的可安装包Alpine Linux v3.11+ - .NET supports Arm64 but there is no installable package for PowerShell at this time

Raspbian - 请参阅下列安装说明Raspbian - see the installation instructions below

Debian v9 及更高版本 - 支持使用二进制存档安装方法的 Arm32 和 Arm64Debian v9+ - supports Arm32 and Arm64 using the Binary Archive installation method

Ubuntu 20.10、20.04、18.04、16.04 - 支持使用二进制存档安装方法的 Arm32 和 Arm64Ubuntu 20.10, 20.04, 18.04, 16.04 - supports Arm32 and Arm64 using the Binary Archive installation method

RaspbianRaspbian

备注

Raspbian 支持是实验性的。Raspbian support is experimental.

当前仅 Raspbian Stretch 支持 PowerShell。Currently, PowerShell is only supported on Raspbian Stretch.

CoreCLR 和 PowerShell 仅适用于 Pi 2 和 Pi 3 设备，因为其他设备(如 Pi 0)有不受支持的处理器。CoreCLR and PowerShell will only work on Pi 2 and Pi 3 devices as other devices, like Pi Zero, have an unsupported processor.

下载 Raspbian Stretch 并按照安装说明操作，将其安装在你的 Pi 上。Download Raspbian Stretch and follow the installation instructions to get it onto your Pi.

安装 - RaspbianInstallation - Raspbian

###################################

# Prerequisites

# Update package lists

sudo apt-get update

# Install libunwind8 and libssl1.0

# Regex is used to ensure that we do not install libssl1.0-dev, as it is a variant that is not required

sudo apt-get install '^libssl1.0.[0-9]$' libunwind8 -y

###################################

# Download and extract PowerShell

# Grab the latest tar.gz

wget https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v7.1.3/powershell-7.1.3-linux-arm32.tar.gz

# Make folder to put powershell

mkdir ~/powershell

# Unpack the tar.gz file

tar -xvf ./powershell-7.1.3-linux-arm32.tar.gz -C ~/powershell

# Start PowerShell

~/powershell/pwsh

或者，可以创建可启动 PowerShell 的符号链接，而无需指定到 pwsh 二进制文件的路径。Optionally, you can create a symbolic link to start PowerShell without specifying the path to the pwsh binary.

# Start PowerShell from bash with sudo to create a symbolic link

sudo ~/powershell/pwsh -c New-Item -ItemType SymbolicLink -Path "/usr/bin/pwsh" -Target "$PSHOME/pwsh" -Force

# alternatively you can run following to create a symbolic link

# sudo ln -s ~/powershell/pwsh /usr/bin/pwsh

# Now to start PowerShell you can just run "pwsh"

卸载 - RaspbianUninstallation - Raspbian

rm -rf ~/powershell

安装预览版本Installing Preview Releases

通过包存储库安装适用于 Linux 的 PowerShell 预览版本时，包名称从 powershell 更改为 powershell-preview。When installing a PowerShell Preview release for Linux via a Package Repository, the package name changes from powershell to powershell-preview.

直接下载安装不会更改包名称(文件名除外)。Installing via direct download doesn't change, other than the file name.

下表包含使用各种包管理器安装稳定包和预览包的命令：The following table contains the commands to install the stable and preview packages using the various package managers:

分配Distribution(s)

稳定包命令Stable Command

预览包命令Preview Command

Ubuntu、DebianUbuntu, Debian

sudo apt-get install -y powershell

sudo apt-get install -y powershell-preview

CentOS、RedHatCentOS, RedHat

sudo yum install -y powershell

sudo yum install -y powershell-preview

FedoraFedora

sudo dnf install -y powershell

sudo dnf install -y powershell-preview

作为 .NET 全局工具安装Install as a .NET Global tool

如果你已安装 .NET Core SDK，则可以轻松地安装 PowerShell 作为 .NET 全局工具。If you already have the .NET Core SDK installed, it's easy to install PowerShell as a .NET Global tool.

dotnet tool install --global PowerShell

dotnet 工具安装程序将 ~/.dotnet/tools 添加到 PATH 环境变量中。The dotnet tool installer adds ~/.dotnet/tools to your PATH environment variable. 但是，当前运行的 shell 没有更新的 PATH。However, the currently running shell does not have the updated PATH. 应该可以通过键入 pwsh 从新 shell 启动 PowerShell。You should be able to start PowerShell from a new shell by typing pwsh.

二进制存档Binary Archives

已对 Linux 平台提供 PowerShell 二进制 tar.gz 存档，以启用高级部署方案。PowerShell binary tar.gz archives are provided for Linux platforms to enable advanced deployment scenarios.

依赖项Dependencies

PowerShell 为所有 Linux 分发版生成可移植二进制文件。PowerShell builds portable binaries for all Linux distributions. 但是对于不同的分发版，.NET Core 运行时需要不同的依赖项，并且 PowerShell 也有相同要求。But, .NET Core runtime requires different dependencies on different distributions, and PowerShell does too.

下表列出了在不同 Linux 分发版上正式支持的 .NET Core 2.0 依赖项。The following chart shows the .NET Core 2.0 dependencies that are officially supported on different Linux distributions.

OSOS

依赖项Dependencies

Ubuntu 16.04Ubuntu 16.04

libc6、libgcc1、libgssapi-krb5-2、liblttng-ust0、libstdc++6、libc6, libgcc1, libgssapi-krb5-2, liblttng-ust0, libstdc++6,

libcurl3、libunwind8、libuuid1、zlib1g、libssl1.0.0、libicu55libcurl3, libunwind8, libuuid1, zlib1g, libssl1.0.0, libicu55

Ubuntu 17.10Ubuntu 17.10

libc6、libgcc1、libgssapi-krb5-2、liblttng-ust0、libstdc++6、libc6, libgcc1, libgssapi-krb5-2, liblttng-ust0, libstdc++6,

libcurl3、libunwind8、libuuid1、zlib1g、libssl1.0.0、libicu57libcurl3, libunwind8, libuuid1, zlib1g, libssl1.0.0, libicu57

Ubuntu 18.04Ubuntu 18.04

libc6、libgcc1、libgssapi-krb5-2、liblttng-ust0、libstdc++6、libc6, libgcc1, libgssapi-krb5-2, liblttng-ust0, libstdc++6,

libcurl3、libunwind8、libuuid1、zlib1g、libssl1.0.0、libicu60libcurl3, libunwind8, libuuid1, zlib1g, libssl1.0.0, libicu60

Debian 8 (Jessie)Debian 8 (Jessie)

libc6、libgcc1、libgssapi-krb5-2、liblttng-ust0、libstdc++6、libc6, libgcc1, libgssapi-krb5-2, liblttng-ust0, libstdc++6,

libcurl3、libunwind8、libuuid1、zlib1g、libssl1.0.0、libicu52libcurl3, libunwind8, libuuid1, zlib1g, libssl1.0.0, libicu52

Debian 9 (Stretch)Debian 9 (Stretch)

libc6、libgcc1、libgssapi-krb5-2、liblttng-ust0、libstdc++6、libc6, libgcc1, libgssapi-krb5-2, liblttng-ust0, libstdc++6,

libcurl3、libunwind8、libuuid1、zlib1g、libssl1.0.2、libicu57libcurl3, libunwind8, libuuid1, zlib1g, libssl1.0.2, libicu57

CentOS 7CentOS 7

Oracle Linux 7Oracle Linux 7

RHEL 7RHEL 7

libunwind、libcurl、openssl-libs、libiculibunwind, libcurl, openssl-libs, libicu

openSUSE 42.3openSUSE 42.3

libcurl4、libopenssl1_0_0、libicu52_1libcurl4, libopenssl1_0_0, libicu52_1

openSUSE Leap 15openSUSE Leap 15

libcurl4、libopenssl1_0_0、libicu60_2libcurl4, libopenssl1_0_0, libicu60_2

Fedora 27Fedora 27

Fedora 28Fedora 28

libunwind、libcurl、openssl-libs、libicu、compat-openssl10libunwind, libcurl, openssl-libs, libicu, compat-openssl10

若要在不受正式支持的 Linux 分发版上部署 PowerShell 二进制文件，则需在各个步骤中安装目标 OS 的必要依赖项。To deploy PowerShell binaries on Linux distributions that aren't officially supported, you need to install the necessary dependencies for the target OS in separate steps. 例如，Amazon Linux dockerfile 先安装依赖项，然后提取 Linux tar.gz 存档。For example, our Amazon Linux dockerfile installs dependencies first, and then extracts the Linux tar.gz archive.

安装 - 二进制存档Installation - Binary Archives

下面的示例展示了安装 x64 二进制存档的步骤。The following example shows the steps for installing the x64 binary archive. 必须选择与平台的处理器类型匹配的正确二进制存档。You must choose the correct binary archive that matches the processor type for your platform.

powershell-7.1.3-linux-arm32.tar.gzpowershell-7.1.3-linux-arm32.tar.gz

powershell-7.1.3-linux-arm64.tar.gzpowershell-7.1.3-linux-arm64.tar.gz

powershell-7.1.3-linux-x64.tar.gzpowershell-7.1.3-linux-x64.tar.gz

LinuxLinux

# Download the powershell '.tar.gz' archive

curl -L -o /tmp/powershell.tar.gz https://github.com/PowerShell/PowerShell/releases/download/v7.1.3/powershell-7.1.3-linux-x64.tar.gz

# Create the target folder where powershell will be placed

sudo mkdir -p /opt/microsoft/powershell/7

# Expand powershell to the target folder

sudo tar zxf /tmp/powershell.tar.gz -C /opt/microsoft/powershell/7

# Set execute permissions

sudo chmod +x /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh

# Create the symbolic link that points to pwsh

sudo ln -s /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/pwsh /usr/bin/pwsh

卸载二进制存档Uninstalling binary archives

sudo rm -rf /usr/bin/pwsh /opt/microsoft/powershell

路径Paths

$PSHOME 是 /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/$PSHOME is /opt/microsoft/powershell/7/

用户配置文件是从 ~/.config/powershell/profile.ps1 中读取的User profiles are read from ~/.config/powershell/profile.ps1

默认配置文件是从 $PSHOME/profile.ps1 中读取的Default profiles are read from $PSHOME/profile.ps1

用户模块是从 ~/.local/share/powershell/Modules 中读取的User modules are read from ~/.local/share/powershell/Modules

共享模块是从 /usr/local/share/powershell/Modules 中读取的Shared modules are read from /usr/local/share/powershell/Modules

默认模块是从 $PSHOME/Modules 中读取的Default modules are read from $PSHOME/Modules

PSReadline 历史记录被记录到 ~/.local/share/powershell/PSReadLine/ConsoleHost_history.txt 中PSReadLine history is recorded to ~/.local/share/powershell/PSReadLine/ConsoleHost_history.txt

配置文件采用 PowerShell 的按主机配置，所以默认主机特定配置文件位于相同位置下的 Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1 中。The profiles respect PowerShell's per-host configuration, so the default host-specific profiles exists at Microsoft.PowerShell_profile.ps1 in the same locations.

PowerShell 采用 Linux 上的 XDG 基目录规范。PowerShell respects the XDG Base Directory Specification on Linux.

安装支持Installation support

Microsoft 支持本文档中的安装方法。Microsoft supports the installation methods in this document. 其他源可能会提供其他安装方法。There may be other methods of installation available from other sources. 尽管这些工具和方法可能有效，但 Microsoft 无法支持这些方法。While those tools and methods may work, Microsoft cannot support those methods.