NikiCaziz punjani提出了一个问题:Javascript closures vs PHP closures, what's the difference?,或许与您遇到的问题类似。
One difference is how both cope with storing the context in which an anonymous function is executed:
// JavaScript:
var a = 1;
var f = function() {
console.log(a);
};
a = 2;
f();
// will echo 2;
// PHP
$a = 1;
$f = function() {
echo $a;
};
$a = 2;
$f();
// will result in a "PHP Notice: Undefined variable: a in Untitled.php on line 5"
To fix this notice you'll have to use the use syntax:
$a = 1;
$f = function() use ($a) {
echo $a;
};
$a = 2;
$f();
// but this will echo 1 instead of 2 (like JavaScript)
To have the anonymous function behave somehow like the JavaScript counterpart you'll have to use references:
$a = 1;
$f = function() use (&$a) {
echo $a;
};
$a = 2;
$f();
// will echo 2
I think this is the most striking difference between JavaScript and PHP closures.
Second difference is that every JavaScript closure has a this context available which means, that you can use this inside the closure itself (although it's often quite complicated to figure out what this actually refers to) - PHP's current stable version (PHP 5.3) does not yet support $this inside a closure, but PHP's upcoming version (PHP 5.4) will support $this binding and rebinding using $closure->bind($this) (See the Object Extension RFC for more info.)
Third difference is how both languages treat closures assigned to object properties:
// JavaScript
var a = {
b: function() {}
};
a.b(); // works
// PHP
$a = new stdClass();
$a->b = function() {};
$a->b(); // does not work "PHP Fatal error: Call to undefined method stdClass::b() in Untitled.php on line 4"
$f = $a->b;
$f(); // works though
The same is true if closures are assigned to properties in class definitions:
class A {
public $b;
public function __construct() {
$this->b = function() {};
}
public function c() {
$this->b();
}
}
$a = new A();
// neither
$a->b();
// nor
$a->c();
// do work
Fourth difference: JavaScript Closures are full fledged objects, wheres in PHP they are restricted objects. For instance, PHP Closures cannot have properties of their own:
$fn = function() {};
$fn->foo = 1;
// -> Catchable fatal error: Closure object cannot have properties
while in JavaScript you can do:
var fn = function() {};
fn.foo = 1;
fn.foo; // 1
Fifth difference: Returned closures can be immediately called upon in Javascript:
var fn = function() { return function() { alert('Hi');}}
fn()();
Not in PHP:
$fn = function() { return function() { echo('Hi');};};
$fn()(); // syntax error
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