TEXT[(M)] [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
A TEXT column with a maximum length of 65,535 (2^16 − 1) characters.
The effective maximum length is less if the value contains multibyte
characters. Each TEXT value is stored using a 2-byte length prefix
that indicates the number of bytes in the value.
LONGTEXT [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
A TEXT column with a maximum length of 4,294,967,295 or 4GB (2^32 − 1)
characters. The effective maximum length is less if the value contains
multibyte characters. The effective maximum length of LONGTEXT columns
also depends on the configured maximum packet size in the
client/server protocol and available memory. Each LONGTEXT value is
stored using a 4-byte length prefix that indicates the number of bytes
in the value.
MEDIUMTEXT [CHARACTER SET charset_name] [COLLATE collation_name]
A TEXT column with a maximum length of 16,777,215 (2^24 − 1)
characters. The effective maximum length is less if the value contains
multibyte characters. Each MEDIUMTEXT value is stored using a 3-byte
length prefix that indicates the number of bytes in the value.