java io 装饰流_装饰器模式及JAVA IO流例子★★★☆☆

一、什么是装饰模式

通过关联机制给类增加行为，其行为的扩展由修饰对象来决定；

二、补充说明

与继承相似，不同点在于继承是在编译期间扩展父类，而装饰器模式在运行期间动态扩展原有对象；

或者说，继承是对类进行扩展，装饰模式是对对象进行扩展；

三、角色

抽象构件

具体构件

抽象装饰类

具体装饰类

说明：具体构件、抽象装饰类、具体装饰类的共同父类是抽象构件，具体装饰类继承抽象装饰类并在运行期间装饰具体构件；

四、例子

例子说明：

画家接口Painter，为抽象构件，有两个方法，获取画家描述信息及绘画；

PaintBeginner实现Painter接口，为具体构件；

PainterDecorator实现Painter接口，为抽象装饰类，其内部关联一个Painter对象，通过构造函数获取；

HillPainterDecorator、RiverPainterDecorator、TreePainterDecorator为具体装饰类，表明被装饰的画家能够绘画Hill、River、Tree；

类图：

代码实现：

Painter.java

packagecom.pichen.dp.decorator;public interfacePainter {public abstractString getDescription();public abstractString painting();

}

View Code

PaintBeginner.java

packagecom.pichen.dp.decorator;public class PaintBeginner implementsPainter{

@OverridepublicString getDescription() {return "";

}

@OverridepublicString painting() {/*do nothing*/

return "";

}

}

View Code

PainterDecorator.java

packagecom.pichen.dp.decorator;public abstract class PainterDecorator implementsPainter{privatePainter decoratedPainter;publicPainterDecorator(Painter decoratedPainter) {this.decoratedPainter =decoratedPainter;

}publicPainter getPainter(){return this.decoratedPainter;

}

}

View Code

HillPainterDecorator.java

packagecom.pichen.dp.decorator;public class HillPainterDecorator extendsPainterDecorator{publicHillPainterDecorator(Painter paper) {super(paper);

}

@OverridepublicString getDescription() {return this.getPainter().getDescription() + "can paint hill, ";

}

@OverridepublicString painting() {/*painting the hill*/

return this.getPainter().painting() +paintingHill();

}publicString paintingHill(){return "Hill, ";

}

}

View Code

RiverPainterDecorator.java

packagecom.pichen.dp.decorator;public class RiverPainterDecorator extendsPainterDecorator{publicRiverPainterDecorator(Painter paper) {super(paper);

}

@OverridepublicString getDescription() {return this.getPainter().getDescription() + "can paint river, ";

}

@OverridepublicString painting() {/*painting the river*/

return this.getPainter().painting() +paintingRiver();

}publicString paintingRiver(){return "River, ";

}

}

View Code

TreePainterDecorator.java

packagecom.pichen.dp.decorator;public class TreePainterDecorator extendsPainterDecorator{publicTreePainterDecorator(Painter paper) {super(paper);

}

@OverridepublicString getDescription() {return this.getPainter().getDescription() + "can paint tree, ";

}

@OverridepublicString painting() {/*painting the tree*/

return this.getPainter().painting() +paintingTree();

}publicString paintingTree(){return "Tree, ";

}

}

View Code

Main.java

packagecom.pichen.dp.decorator;public classMain {public static voidmain(String[] args) {

Painter p0= newPaintBeginner();

System.out.println("Painter description:" +p0.getDescription());

System.out.println("Painting:" + p0.painting() + "\n");

Painter p1= new HillPainterDecorator(new RiverPainterDecorator(new TreePainterDecorator(newPaintBeginner())));

System.out.println("Painter description:" +p1.getDescription());

System.out.println("Painting:" + p1.painting() + "\n");

Painter p2= new RiverPainterDecorator(new HillPainterDecorator(newPaintBeginner()));

System.out.println("Painter description:" +p2.getDescription());

System.out.println("Painting:" + p2.painting() + "\n");

}

}

执行结果如下，PaintBeginner类的对象未装饰前，无行为；在被装饰器装饰后，其行为可动态扩展：

五、JAVA IO流与装饰模式

这里简单的以Reader、BufferedReader、FileReader举个例子，如下代码：

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(new File("test.txt")));

br.readLine();

说明：

其中BufferedReader与BufferedReader有一个共同抽象父类Reader，Reader为抽象构件；

new FileReader(new File("test.txt"))为具体构件，运行期间被修饰的对象；

BufferedReader为具体修饰类，运行期间修饰具体构件；

装饰后，被修饰的对象新增的行为是拥有readLine方法；

ps：查看源码，没发现BufferedReader对应的抽象装饰类，个人觉得没有抽象装饰类，装饰模式也是可以正常工作的，抽象构件(Reader)可以由具体修饰类关联；

另外，具体修饰类也可以作为基类，被其它类继承的，继承后的类同样也是具体修饰类，如LineNumberReader就是继承BufferedReader；

所以，上面语句还可以这样写(ps：只是举例，其实没必要用BufferedReader修饰，直接LineNumberReader装饰下就可以)：

BufferedReader br = new LineNumberReader(new BufferedReader(new FileReader(new File("test.txt"))));

br.readLine();

links：

原文：http://www.cnblogs.com/chenpi/p/5173818.html