mysql自动建表实体类注解_通过自定义注解实现自动创建表

通过自定义注解实现自动创建表

需求分析

1、创建一个学生信息实体类,包括学号，姓名，性别，联系方式，住址

2、创建一些适当的注解，实现根据实体类自动创建数据库中的表

3、在创建的学生信息实体类上应用自定义的注解

4、写一个注解解析器，获取解析学生信息实体类上的注解，然后在mysql数据库中自动创建好表

实体类

@TableName

public class StuInfo {

@Type(type = "int", constraints = @Constraints(primarykey = true, autoincrement = true))

private Integer sno;

@Type(constraints = @Constraints(allowNull = false, unique = true))

private String sname;

@Type(type = "varchar(15)", constraints = @Constraints(unique = true))

private String tel;

@Type(type = "varchar(4)", constraints = @Constraints(allowNull = false))

private String sex;

@Type(type = "varchar(100)")

private String addr;

@Override

public String toString() {

return "StuInfo [sno=" + sno + ", sname=" + sname + ", tel=" + tel + ", sex=" + sex + ", addr=" + addr + "]";

}

public Integer getSno() {

return sno;

}

public void setSno(Integer sno) {

this.sno = sno;

}

public String getSname() {

return sname;

}

public void setSname(String sname) {

this.sname = sname;

}

public String getTel() {

return tel;

}

public void setTel(String tel) {

this.tel = tel;

}

public String getSex() {

return sex;

}

public void setSex(String sex) {

this.sex = sex;

}

public String getAddr() {

return addr;

}

public void setAddr(String addr) {

this.addr = addr;

}

@Override

public int hashCode() {

final int prime = 31;

int result = 1;

result = prime * result + ((addr == null) ? 0 : addr.hashCode());

result = prime * result + ((sex == null) ? 0 : sex.hashCode());

result = prime * result + ((sname == null) ? 0 : sname.hashCode());

result = prime * result + ((sno == null) ? 0 : sno.hashCode());

result = prime * result + ((tel == null) ? 0 : tel.hashCode());

return result;

}

@Override

public boolean equals(Object obj) {

if (this == obj)

return true;

if (obj == null)

return false;

if (getClass() != obj.getClass())

return false;

StuInfo other = (StuInfo) obj;

if (addr == null) {

if (other.addr != null)

return false;

} else if (!addr.equals(other.addr))

return false;

if (sex == null) {

if (other.sex != null)

return false;

} else if (!sex.equals(other.sex))

return false;

if (sname == null) {

if (other.sname != null)

return false;

} else if (!sname.equals(other.sname))

return false;

if (sno == null) {

if (other.sno != null)

return false;

} else if (!sno.equals(other.sno))

return false;

if (tel == null) {

if (other.tel != null)

return false;

} else if (!tel.equals(other.tel))

return false;

return true;

}

}

注解

/**

* 定义字段类型

*@author:憬荃

*@QQ:1464080002

*/

@Target(ElementType.FIELD)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

public @interface Type {

public String type() default "varchar(20)";

public Constraints constraints() default @Constraints;

}

/**

* 用来指定表名的注解

*@author:憬荃

*@QQ:1464080002

*/

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

public @interface TableName {

public String name() default "";

}

/**

* 定义约束的

*@author:憬荃

*@QQ:1464080002

*/

@Target(ElementType.FIELD)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)

public @interface Constraints {

public boolean primarykey() default false;

public boolean allowNull() default true;

public boolean unique() default false;

public boolean autoincrement() default false;

}

注解解析器

public class TableCreator {

public static void main(String[] args) {

TableCreator tc = new TableCreator();

String sql = tc.getSql(StuInfo.class);

tc.createTable(sql);

}

private void createTable(String sql) {

Connection con = null;

Statement stmt = null;

try {

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/puma?useSSL=false&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useOldAliasMetadataBehavior=true","root","a");

stmt = con.createStatement();

stmt.execute(sql);

System.out.println(sql);

System.out.println("创建完成...");

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

System.out.println("创建失败...");

}finally{

if(stmt != null){

try {

stmt.close();

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

if(con != null){

try {

con.close();

} catch (SQLException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

}

private String getSql(Class cls) {

TableName tn = cls.getAnnotation(TableName.class);

if(tn == null){//没有TableName这个注解，说明这个类不需要创建表

return null;

}

StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();

String tableName = tn.name(); //获取配置在注解中的表名

if(tableName == null || "".equals(tableName)){//如果没有给定表名，则默认为这个类的类名

tableName = cls.getSimpleName(); //获取这个类的类名，注意不是getName(),getName()会包含这个类的类路径信息

}

sbf.append("create table ").append(tableName).append("("); // create table stuInfo(

//接下来要拼接的是列信息,这个时候需要获取这个类的所有属性,判断上面是否有Type注解

Field[] fields = cls.getDeclaredFields();

if(fields == null || fields.length <= 0){

return null;

}

Type type = null;

for(Field field : fields){

if(!field.isAnnotationPresent(Type.class)){ //Type注解是否在该类上

continue;

}

type = field.getAnnotation(Type.class);

sbf.append(field.getName()).append(" ").append(type.type()); // sno int primary key auto_increment

// 拼接约束

if(type.constraints().primarykey()){

sbf.append(" primary key");

//判断主键是否自增

if(type.constraints().autoincrement()){

sbf.append(" auto_increment");

}

}else{

//是否唯一

if(type.constraints().unique()){

sbf.append(" unique");

}

if(!type.constraints().allowNull()){

sbf.append(" not null");

}

}

sbf.append(","); //说明这一个字段拼接完成

}

String sql = sbf.toString();

sql = sql.substring(0, sql.lastIndexOf(",")) + ")";

return sql;

}

}

测试结果

sql语句正常输出创建完成:

create table StuInfo(sno int primary key auto_increment,sname varchar(20) unique not null,tel varchar(15) unique,sex varchar(4) not null,addr varchar(100))

创建完成...

检查puma数据库是否创好stuinfo表