java浅拷贝和深拷贝的区别_Java 浅拷贝与深拷贝的区别

浅拷贝

什么是浅拷贝

被复制对象的所有变量都含有与原来的对象相同的值，而所有的对其他对象的引用仍然指向原来的对象。即对象的浅拷贝会对“主”对象进行拷贝，但不会复制主对象里面的对象。”里面的对象“会在原来的对象和它的副本之间共享。

浅拷贝实例

public class ShallowCopy {

public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {

Teacher teacher = new Teacher();

teacher.setName("Delacey");

teacher.setAge(29);

Student2 student1 = new Student2();

student1.setName("Dream");

student1.setAge(18);

student1.setTeacher(teacher);

Student2 student2 = (Student2) student1.clone();

System.out.println("拷贝后");

System.out.println(student2.getName());

System.out.println(student2.getAge());

System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName());

System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getAge());

System.out.println("修改老师的信息后-------------");

// 修改老师的信息

teacher.setName("Jam");

System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());

System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName());

}

}

class Teacher implements Cloneable {

private String name;

private int age;

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

}

class Student2 implements Cloneable{

private String name;

private int age;

private Teacher teacher;

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

public Teacher getTeacher() {

return teacher;

}

public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {

this.teacher = teacher;

}

@Override

public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

Object object = super.clone();

return object;

}

}

输出结果：

拷贝后

Dream

18

Delacey

29

修改老师的信息后-------------

Jam

Jam

结果分析： 两个引用student1和student2指向不同的两个对象，但是两个引用student1和student2中的两个teacher引用指向的是同一个对象，所以说明是浅拷贝。

深拷贝

定义

深拷贝是一个整个独立的对象拷贝，深拷贝会拷贝所有的属性,并拷贝属性指向的动态分配的内存。当对象和它所引用的对象一起拷贝时即发生深拷贝。深拷贝相比于浅拷贝速度较慢并且花销较大。

简而言之，深拷贝把要复制的对象所引用的对象都复制了一遍。

深拷贝实例

public class DeepCopy {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

Teacher2 teacher = new Teacher2();

teacher.setName("Delacey");

teacher.setAge(29);

Student3 student1 = new Student3();

student1.setName("Dream");

student1.setAge(18);

student1.setTeacher(teacher);

Student3 student2 = (Student3) student1.clone();

System.out.println("拷贝后");

System.out.println(student2.getName());

System.out.println(student2.getAge());

System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName());

System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getAge());

System.out.println("修改老师的信息后-------------");

// 修改老师的信息

teacher.setName("Jam");

System.out.println(student1.getTeacher().getName());

System.out.println(student2.getTeacher().getName());

}

}

class Teacher2 implements Cloneable {

private String name;

private int age;

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

@Override

public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

return super.clone();

}

}

class Student3 implements Cloneable {

private String name;

private int age;

private Teacher2 teacher;

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

public Teacher2 getTeacher() {

return teacher;

}

public void setTeacher(Teacher2 teacher) {

this.teacher = teacher;

}

@Override

public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

// 浅复制时：

// Object object = super.clone();

// return object;

// 改为深复制：

Student3 student = (Student3) super.clone();

// 本来是浅复制，现在将Teacher对象复制一份并重新set进来

student.setTeacher((Teacher2) student.getTeacher().clone());

return student;

}

}

输出结果：

拷贝后

Dream

18

Delacey

29

修改老师的信息后-------------

Jam

Delacey

结果分析：

两个引用student1和student2指向不同的两个对象，两个引用student1和student2中的两个teacher引用指向的是两个对象，但对teacher对象的修改只能影响student1对象,所以说是深拷贝。

teacher姓名Delacey更改前:

teacher姓名Jam更改后:

参考资源