python中def demo_Python Coding Demo

# coding = utf-8

# demo template

# === Hello World ===

def hello_world():

print("Hello World!")

print('A')

print("中文")

# === Comments Demo ===

def explanatory_note():

# === Explanatory Note ===

"""

Multiply line comments

"""

# === Variables ===

def variable():

num = 7

result = num * 2

# 变量命名规则:

# 允许组成字符: a-z A-Z _ 0-9

# 不能以数字开头

# 区分大小写

# 小驼峰命名法: name / userName / userName123

# 大驼峰命名法: Person / UserName

# Python命名规范

# 项目名(大驼峰): MyAge

# 包 / 模块 (全小写): myage.py

# 类(大驼峰): MyAge / __MyAge

# 属性(全小写): myage / __myage

# 方法(全小写): myage / __myage / __init__

# 对象(全小写): myage

# 形式参数(全小写): myage

# 异常(大驼峰 + Error): MyAgeError

# > 简单归纳为: 类、异常、项目名 用大驼峰; 其余全小写(名字不易识别可加_)

def type_conversion():

# === 数据类型 ===

""" 数字 (int / float / comples[复数])

布尔 (True / False)

字符串

列表

元组

字典 """

# Python能够自动识别数字变量类型

# === 数据类型强转 ===

int("123") # (对象)转为整数

float("1.23") # (对象)转为浮点数

complex(0.1, 0.2) # 创建复数(= 0.1+0.2j)(实部和虚部都是float)

str(123) # (对象)转为字符串

repr("123") # (对象)转为表达式字符串(机器)

eval("123*4") # 计算字符串内Python表达式

tuple([1, 2, 3]) # (序列)转为元组 (注:将字典转为元组会损失数据)

dict([(1, "a"), (2, "b")]) # (序列)转为字典 (列表 / 字典 均可)

list((1, 2, 3)) # (序列)转为列表 (注:将字典转为列表会损失数据)

chr(123) # (整数)转为字符

ord("{") # (字符)转为整数

hex(123) # (整数)转为十六进制字符串('0x7b')

oct(123) # (整数)转为八进制字符串('0o173')

bin(123) # (整数)转为二进制字符串('0b1111011')

int('0o173', 8) # 将其他进制数转为(十进制)整数

def input_output():

# === 输入 ===

input_data = input("输入内容:") # 获取输入值(字符串),阻塞式

print("输入的内容为:%s" % input_data)

# === 打印值 ===

name = "柳岩"

age = 21

print(name) # 普通的打印

# 拼接打印

print("Name:%s" % name)

# %a为ascii字符串 %c为字符; %s为字符串; %o为八进制整数; %d为有符号十进制整数;

# %u为无符号十进制整数; %x为十六进制整数; %e为浮点数指数; %f为浮点实数(%.2f:2位浮点数)

print("Name:%s Age:%d" % (name, age))

print('%-10s %s' % (10, 10)) # %-10s 字符末尾+10个空格 => 10 10

# === 运算符 ===

# 算数运算符(+*可用于字符串拼接:str1+str2; str*3): + - * / % **(幂:2**3=8) //(取整除:3//2=1)

# 扩展知识: 2**10=1K / 2**20=1M / 2**30=1G / 2**40=1T / 2**50=1P / ...

# 赋值运算符: =

# 复合运算符(自运算): a+=b (a=a+b) / a*=b (a=a*b) / ... / a+=b*c (a=a+(b*c)) / ...

# 关系运算符: > < == >= <= != <>(两边不相等为true)

# 逻辑运算符: and or not

# 位运算符: &(0b1001&0b1101=0b1001) |(0b1001|0b1101=0b1101) ^(0b1001^0b1101=0b0100) ~(~0b1001=1... 0110)

# <>(最高位不变)

def judge():

# === 判断语句 ===

age = 22

beatiful = True

# - if (可嵌套) -

if age > 21: # true ; >为关系运算符

print("The Age is greater than 21.") # 用制表符区分代码段

print("My thanks to you is beyond measure!")

if age < 21: # false

print("The Age is less than 21.")

print("My thanks to you is beyond measure!")

print("我从来不污,只是污的搬运工.")

# - if else -

if age > 18 and age < 25 and beatiful: # and为逻辑运算符

print("I am really into you!")

else:

print("Bye.")

boolean = True if 5 > 10 else False # 三元运算符

print(boolean) # => False

# - if elif else -

if age > 18 and age < 25 and beatiful: # and为逻辑运算符

print("I am really into you!")

elif age < 18 and beatiful:

print("你妈妈喊你回家吃饭啦.")

else:

print("Bye.")

# - ×分支 (Python没有分支(switch)判断) -

def loop():

# === 循环语句 ===

number1 = 5

# - while (可嵌套) -

while number1 <= 10:

print("number:%d" % number1)

number1 += 1

while True:

number1 -= 1

print("True")

if number1 < 7:

break

else:

print("False")

# - for (可嵌套) -

for i in range(5): # 循环5次

print("for:range:%d" % i)

lis = ["a", "b", "c"]

for i in lis: # 按列表中的值循环

print("for:ray:%s" % i)

for i in range(10): # 循环10次后没有课循环元素, 执行else语句

print(i)

else:

print("else")

def control():

# === 控制语句 ===

# - break - # 结束(一层)循环, 作用范围: for / while (无作用:if)

for i in range(5):

if i == 2:

print("numberB:break")

break

print("numberB:%d" % i)

# - continue - # 跳过本次(一层)循环, 作用范围: for / while (无作用:if)

for i in range(5):

if i == 2:

print("numberC:continue")

continue

print("numberC:%d" % i)

# === 封装 ===

# - def 函数(方法) -

def method():

print("method")

# ======= 函数调用 ======

if __name__ == "__main__":

hello_world()

explanatory_note()

variable()

type_conversion()

input_output()

judge()

loop()

control()

method()

# ======= 函数调用 ======