java encoding.utf8.getbytes,为什么不是Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(x))== x`...

In .NET why isn't it true that:

Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(x))

returns the original byte array for an arbitrary byte array x?

It is mentioned in answer to another question but the responder doesn't explain why.

解决方案

Character encodings (UTF8, specificly) may have different forms for the same code point.

So when you convert to a string and back, the actual bytes may represent a different (canonical) form.

See also String.Normalize(NormalizationForm.System.Text.NormalizationForm.FormD)

See also:

Some Unicode sequences are considered equivalent because they represent the same character. For example, the following are considered equivalent because any of these can be used to represent "ắ":

"\u1EAF"

"\u0103\u0301"

"\u0061\u0306\u0301"

However, ordinal, that is, binary, comparisons consider these sequences different because they contain different Unicode code values. Before performing ordinal comparisons, applications must normalize these strings to decompose them into their basic components.

That page comes with a nice sample that shows you what encodings are always normalized

修复下面代码:private void btnEncrypt_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { // 获取密钥和向量 string key = txtKey.Text.Trim(); string iv = txtIV.Text.Trim(); byte[] keyBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key); byte[] ivBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(iv); // 获取明文 string plaintext = txtPlaintext.Text.Trim(); byte[] plaintextBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(plaintext); // 创建AES加密器 using (Aes aes = Aes.Create()) { aes.Key = keyBytes; aes.IV = ivBytes; // 创建加密流 using (MemoryStream msEncrypt = new MemoryStream()) { using (CryptoStream csEncrypt = new CryptoStream(msEncrypt, aes.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write)) { // 将明文写入加密流 csEncrypt.Write(plaintextBytes, 0, plaintextBytes.Length); csEncrypt.FlushFinalBlock(); // 获取加密结果 byte[] ciphertextBytes = msEncrypt.ToArray(); string ciphertext = Convert.ToBase64String(ciphertextBytes); // 显示加密结果 txtCiphertext.Text = ciphertext; } } } } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); } } private void btnDecrypt_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { // 获取密钥和向量 string key = txtKey.Text.Trim(); string iv = txtIV.Text.Trim(); byte[] keyBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key); byte[] ivBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(iv); // 获取密文 string ciphertext = txtCiphertext.Text.Trim(); byte[] ciphertextBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(ciphertext); // 创建AES解密器 using (Aes aes = Aes.Create()) { aes.Key = keyBytes; aes.IV = ivBytes; // 创建解密流 using (MemoryStream msDecrypt = new MemoryStream(ciphertextBytes)) { using (CryptoStream csDecrypt = new CryptoStream(msDecrypt, aes.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Read)) { // 读取解密结果 byte[] plaintextBytes = new byte[ciphertextBytes.Length]; int bytesRead = csDecrypt.Read(plaintextBytes, 0, plaintextBytes.Length); // 显示解密结果 string plaintext = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plaintextBytes, 0, bytesRead); txtPlaintext.Text = plaintext; } } } } catch (Exception ex) { MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); } }
06-01
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