mongodb java 执行js_mongo执行JavaScript脚本

mongo客户端有两种方式与mongodb服务进行交互,一种是mongo shell,一种是执行javascript脚本.mongo shell,平时用的比较多,但是javascript脚本却很少用.前段时间,在一个项目中通过写js脚本批量的更新了一些数据,做一下总结.

如何执行

mongo host:port/database /dir/xxxx.js

示例: mongo localhost:27017/hr_assistant index.js 在index.js中先跟mongodb打个招呼,然后打印一下当前的数据库

print('hello mongodb')

// 打印连接之后的数据库

print(db);

执行结果:

MongoDB shell version v4.0.11

connecting to: mongodb://localhost:27017/hr_assistant?gssapiServiceName=mongodb

Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("3e0c8e42-57d5-429d-a00d-bad97ec95d73") }

MongoDB server version: 4.0.11

hello mongodb

hr_assistant

上述方式是通过mongo客户端直接执行一个js脚本,也可以在进入客户端的命令行交互中使用load函数去加载一个脚本

实例:

// 进入客户端

pan@ubuntu18:~/disk/panyanan/blog/mongodb$ mongo localhost:27017/hr_assistant

MongoDB shell version v4.0.11

connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/

// load脚本文件

> load('index.js')

hello mongodb

hr_assistant

true

注意上述两种方式都需要注意脚本的路径问题，最好是在脚本所有文件夹去执行mongo命令，省心，省事．

js脚本与mongo Shell 的不同

mongoShell是一个简化版的JavaScript Shell, 可以自由的编写javascript代码,也内置了很多属于mongodb的特有对象及方法,但是在脚本中你无法使用像 show databases、show collections、use test这种命令，需要使用客户端提供函数如db.getCollectionNames()；下面这个表格是常用命令对应的函数

commands

function

show dbs, show databases

db.adminCommand(‘listDatabases‘)

use db

db = db.getSiblingDB(‘db‘)

show collections

db.getCollectionsNames()

show users

db.getUsers()

还有两个在js脚本中常用的函数，print()/printjson()可以将参数打印到标准输出上。

示例 index.js：

// 因为是--nodb 形式启动的mongo客户端 所以新建一个连接

const conn = new Mongo('localhost:27017');

print(`连接: ${conn}`)

let db = conn.getDB('hr_assistant');

print(`当前数据库：${db}`);

const dbs = db.adminCommand('listDatabases');

print('显示所有的数据库:')

printjson(dbs);

const collections = db.getCollectionNames();

print(`${db}中的collections:`);

printjson(collections);

db = db.getSiblingDB('test');

print(`切换数据库为${db}`);

运行结果:

pan@ubuntu18:~/disk/panyanan/blog/mongodb$ mongo --nodb index.js

MongoDB shell version v4.0.11

连接: connection to localhost:27017

当前数据库：hr_assistant

显示所有的数据库:

{

"databases" : [

{

"name" : "admin",

"sizeOnDisk" : 32768,

"empty" : false

},

{

"name" : "config",

"sizeOnDisk" : 49152,

"empty" : false

},

{

"name" : "hr_assistant",

"sizeOnDisk" : 98873344,

"empty" : false

},

{

"name" : "local",

"sizeOnDisk" : 73728,

"empty" : false

}

],

"totalSize" : 99028992,

"ok" : 1

}

hr_assistant中的collections:

[

"hr_business_call_records",

"hr_business_info_collection",

"hr_business_info_follow",

"hr_business_info_interviewed",

"hr_business_info_meeting",

"hr_business_info_planned",

"hr_business_info_user",

"hr_business_resume_assessment",

"hr_business_resume_basic_work",

"hr_business_resume_basiceducation",

"hr_business_resume_basichealth",

"hr_business_resume_basicinfo",

"hr_business_resume_head_portrait",

"hr_business_resume_jobobjective",

"hr_business_resume_percentage",

"hr_business_resume_workexp",

"hr_business_sign_list",

"hr_business_signed_result"

]

切换数据库为test

愉快的玩耍

了解了如何运行js脚本以及与mongoshell的区别,就可以在js文件中成为一个curdBoy了.因为在js文件中可以使用mongo客户端提供的所有增删改查方法,加上js内置对象/数组的方法,简直是如虎添翼.

下面是个简单的示例

const conn = new Mongo('localhost:27017');

const db = conn.getDB('test');

// 向emp集合中插入一些记录

let emps =[

{

ename: 'Smith',

deptno: 20,

job: 'salesman',

mgr: '',

sal: 800,

},

{

ename: 'Peter',

deptno: 30,

job: 'manager',

mgr: '',

sal: 1000,

},

{

ename: 'Jack',

deptno: 40,

job: 'president',

mgr: '',

sal: 3000,

},

{

ename: 'Rose',

deptno: 50,

job: 'analyst',

mgr: '',

sal: 1500,

},

]

// 批量插入

let result = db.emps.insert(emps);

print(`批量插入一写员工`)

print(result);

// 获取jack

let jack = db.emps.findOne({ename: 'Jack'});

print(`获取jack:`)

printjson(jack)

// 调整jack的薪资为5000

result = db.emps.update({_id: jack._id}, {$set: {sal: 5000}})

jack = db.emps.findOne({ename: 'Jack'});

// 更新薪资后的jack

print('更新薪资后的jack:')

printjson(jack)

// 获取所有的员工

emps = db.emps.find({});

print('获取所有的员工:');

// 更新所有员工的领导为jordan

emps.forEach(function(emp) {

printjson(emp);

emp.mgr = 'Jordan';

db.emps.save(emp)

});

emps = db.emps.find({});

print('更新所有员工的领导为jordan');

while(emps.hasNext()) {

printjson(emps.next())

}

result = db.emps.remove({});

print(`删除员工:: ${result}`);

运行结果

pan@ubuntu18:~/disk/panyanan/blog/mongodb$ mongo --nodb curd.js

MongoDB shell version v4.0.11

批量插入一写员工

BulkWriteResult({

"writeErrors" : [ ],

"writeConcernErrors" : [ ],

"nInserted" : 4,

"nUpserted" : 0,

"nMatched" : 0,

"nModified" : 0,

"nRemoved" : 0,

"upserted" : [ ]

})

获取jack:

{

"_id" : ObjectId("5d44fdd70998b36ed6983e6c"),

"ename" : "Jack",

"deptno" : 40,

"job" : "president",

"mgr" : "",

"sal" : 3000

}

更新薪资后的jack:

{

"_id" : ObjectId("5d44fdd70998b36ed6983e6c"),

"ename" : "Jack",

"deptno" : 40,

"job" : "president",

"mgr" : "",

"sal" : 5000

}

获取所有的员工:

{

"_id" : ObjectId("5d44fdd70998b36ed6983e6a"),

"ename" : "Smith",

"deptno" : 20,

"job" : "salesman",

"mgr" : "",

"sal" : 800

}

{

"_id" : ObjectId("5d44fdd70998b36ed6983e6b"),

"ename" : "Peter",

"deptno" : 30,

"job" : "manager",

"mgr" : "",

"sal" : 1000

}

{

"_id" : ObjectId("5d44fdd70998b36ed6983e6c"),

"ename" : "Jack",

"deptno" : 40,

"job" : "president",

"mgr" : "",

"sal" : 5000

}

{

"_id" : ObjectId("5d44fdd70998b36ed6983e6d"),

"ename" : "Rose",

"deptno" : 50,

"job" : "analyst",

"mgr" : "",

"sal" : 1500

}

更新所有员工的领导为jordan

{

"_id" : ObjectId("5d44fdd70998b36ed6983e6a"),

"ename" : "Smith",

"deptno" : 20,

"job" : "salesman",

"mgr" : "Jordan",

"sal" : 800

}

{

"_id" : ObjectId("5d44fdd70998b36ed6983e6b"),

"ename" : "Peter",

"deptno" : 30,

"job" : "manager",

"mgr" : "Jordan",

"sal" : 1000

}

{

"_id" : ObjectId("5d44fdd70998b36ed6983e6c"),

"ename" : "Jack",

"deptno" : 40,

"job" : "president",

"mgr" : "Jordan",

"sal" : 5000

}

{

"_id" : ObjectId("5d44fdd70998b36ed6983e6d"),

"ename" : "Rose",

"deptno" : 50,

"job" : "analyst",

"mgr" : "Jordan",

"sal" : 1500

}

删除员工:: WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 4 })