linux 内核 源码级调试,在通过QEMU进行调试时,为什么GDB无法找到Linux内核的源代码行？...

我一直试图让内核在QEMU中使用GDB进行远程调试,但是我无法单步执行或设置断点.这是GDB会话：

linux (master *) $gdb vmlinux

GNU gdb (Debian 7.12-6) 7.12.0.20161007-git

Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later

[LICENSE TEXT]

The target architecture is assumed to be i386:x86-64

Reading symbols from vmlinux...done.

(gdb) target remote localhost:1234

localhost:1234: Connection timed out.

(gdb) target remote localhost:1234

Remote debugging using localhost:1234

0xffffffffa13507ee in ?? ()

(gdb) c

Continuing.

^C

Thread 1 received signal SIGINT, Interrupt.

0xffffffffa13507ee in ?? ()

(gdb) b rcu_process_callbacks

Breakpoint 1 at 0xffffffff81101800: file kernel/rcu/tree.c, line 3037.

(gdb) c

Continuing.

Warning:

Cannot insert breakpoint 1.

Cannot access memory at address 0xffffffff81101800

Command aborted.

(gdb)

我已经使用内核文档中提到的调试符号编译了内核：

linux (master *) $grep CONFIG_DEBUG .config | grep -v "^#"

CONFIG_DEBUG_DEVRES=y

CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=y

CONFIG_DEBUG_FS=y

CONFIG_DEBUG_KERNEL=y

CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE=y

CONFIG_DEBUG_MEMORY_INIT=y

CONFIG_DEBUG_STACKOVERFLOW=y

CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE=y

CONFIG_DEBUG_BOOT_PARAMS=y

我还检查了构建内核是否有调试符号.

linux (master *) $nm --debug-syms vmlinux | grep "\.debug"

0000000000000000 N .debug_abbrev

0000000000000000 N .debug_aranges

0000000000000000 N .debug_frame

0000000000000000 N .debug_info

0000000000000000 N .debug_line

0000000000000000 N .debug_loc

0000000000000000 N .debug_ranges

0000000000000000 N .debug_str

我正在使用以下命令行运行QEMU：

linux (master *) $qemu-system-x86_64 -smp 4 -cpu host \

-m 2048 -kernel arch/x86/boot/bzImage \

-initrd ../obj/initramfs-busybox-x86.cpio.gz -nographic \

-append "console=ttyS0" -enable-kvm \

-drive file=../disk.img,if=virtio,cache=none -s

我错过了什么可能导致GDB像这样失败？我也无法从内核GDB脚本执行GDB扩展命令,所以我猜这必须让GDB不知道它正在调试内核吗？我是否需要启用KGDB才能使其正常工作？

我正在使用Linux 4.12-rc5内核.