计算机网络故障排查,计算机网络故障一般识别及解决方法

内 容 摘 要

计算机网络自20世纪60年代末诞生以来，以异常迅猛的速度发展，并被越来越广泛地应用于政治，经济，军事，生产及科学技术的各个领域。计算机网络的主要功能包括以下几个方面。

1.信息通讯。现代社会信息量激增，信息交换也日益增多，每年有几万吨纸质信件要传递。利用计算机网络传递信件则是一种全新的电子传递方式【1】。

2.资源共享。在计算机网络中，有许多昂贵的资源，如大型数据库和巨型计算机等，并非为每一用户所拥有，所以必须实行资源共享【2】。

3.增加可靠性。在计算机网络中，每种资源(尤其程序和数据)可以存放在多个地点，用户可以通过多种途径来访问网内的资源，从而避免了单点失效对用户产生的影响【3】。

4.数据的集中管理。计算机网络的另一个功能是访问远程数据库，集中处理数据信息，保证数据库的一致性【4】。

5.其他方面。计算机网络给人们带来了便利的生活，人们可以通过网络去订购车票，可以通过网络购买到各种各样的商品，可以通过网络了解到最新的信息，可以通过网络拉近人月人之间的距离，可以通过网络娱乐人们的生活。在日常生活中，我们可以通过计算机网络了解到商品信息以及商业情报的动态，政治经济的形式，生活的各种方面等等【5】。

[关键字] 网络 信息通讯 资源共享 可靠性 数据

Abstract

Computer network since the birth of the late nineteen sixties, the extraordinarily rapid pace of development, and is more and more widely used in political, economic, military, all areas of production and science and technology. The main function of the computer network includes the following.

1. information communication. In modern society, a surge in the amount of information, information exchange is also increasing, there are tens of thousands of tons of paper letters to transfer each year. The use of computer network to deliver mail is a new electronic transfer mode.

2. the sharing of resources. In the computer network, there are a lot of expensive resources, such as large databases and giant computer, not for every user has, so must implement the resources sharing.

3. increase the reliability. In computer networks, each kind of resources ( especially the program and data ) can be stored in multiple locations, and users can access network resources through a variety of ways, so as to avoid the influence of single point of failure to the user 's.

4. the data centralized management. Another function of the computer network is to access remote database, centralized processing of data information, ensure database consistency.

5. the computer network has brought convenience to people 's life, people can through the network to order a ticket, can buy all kinds of goods through the network, can understand the latest information through the network, can pull the distance between neighbor month through the network, through the network entertainment life of people. In daily life, we can understand that the commodity information and dynamic business information through the computer network, the political and economic form, life various aspects and so on.

Key words: network, information and communication, the sharing of resources, reliability, data

目    录

1 绪论1

1.1课题背景及目的1

1.2计算机网络概述1

1.3常见计算机网络故障分类及影响1

2 网络解决故障意义及诊断工具1

2.1  解决计算机网络故障的意义1

2.2  网络诊断的各种工具1

3 常见计算机网络故障的解决方法2

3.1解决网络故障的理论基础2

3.2  网络故障排查2

3.3  计算机网络故障的分类6

3.3.1  线路故障6

3.3.2  路由器及集线器故障7

3.3.3  主机问题 .............................................. 7

3.4无法连接上网的故障8

3.5  无法登录宽带路由器设置页面 ................................8

3.6  网络回路现象 ..............................................8

3.7  网络设置不正确 ............................................9

4 常见网络问题 .................................................... 9

注释 ............................................................. 12

参考文献 ......................................................... 13

致谢 ............................................................. 14