java求解集合的子集的实例
方式1:我们知道子集个数 2的n次方
比如a,b,c的子集
* 000 0 {}
*001 1 a
*010 2 b
*011 3 a,b (b,a)
*100 4 c
* 101 5 a,c (c,a)
* 110 6 b,c (c,b)
* 111 7 a,b,c
利用二进制的对应关系
@Test
public void test1() throws Exception {
Set> subsets = getSubsets( Arrays.asList(1,2,6));
Set> subsets2 = getSubsets( Arrays.asList("a","b","c"));
Set> subsets3 = getSubsets( Arrays.asList('b','c','d'));
System.out.println(subsets);
System.out.println(subsets2);
System.out.println(subsets3);
}
//集合接受各种类型数据
public Set> getSubsets(List subList) {
//考虑去重
Set> allsubsets = new LinkedHashSet<>();
int max = 1 << subList.size();
for (int loop = 0; loop < max; loop++) {
int index = 0;
int temp = loop;
ArrayList currentCharList = new ArrayList();
//控制索引
while (temp > 0) {
if ((temp & 1) > 0) {
currentCharList.add(subList.get(index));
}
temp >>= 1;
index++;
}
allsubsets.add(currentCharList);
}
return allsubsets;
}
方式2:归纳法
@Test
public void testName() throws Exception {
Set> subsets2 = getSubsets2(Arrays.asList(1,2,3));
System.out.println(subsets2);
}
//方式2 归纳法
//从{}和最后一个元素开始,每次迭代加一个元素组成一个新的集合
public Set> getSubsets2(List list) {
if (list.isEmpty()) {
Set> ans=new LinkedHashSet<>();
ans.add(Collections.emptyList());
return ans;
}
Integer first=list.get(0);
List rest=list.subList(1, list.size());
Set> list1 = getSubsets2(rest);
Set> list2 = insertAll(first, list1);//
System.out.println(list1);
System.out.println(list2);
System.out.println("================");
return concat(list1, list2);
}
public Set> insertAll(Integer first,Set> lists){
//
Set> result=new LinkedHashSet<>();
for (List list : lists) {
List copy=new ArrayList<>();
copy.add(first);
copy.addAll(list);
result.add(copy);
}
return result;
}
//这样写可以不影响lists1,lists2的值
private Set> concat(Set> lists1,Set> lists2) {
Set> temp=new LinkedHashSet<>(lists1);
temp.addAll(lists2);
return temp;
}
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