JAXB(Java Architecture for XML Binding) 是一个业界的标准,是一项可以根据XML Schema产生Java类的技术。该过程中,JAXB也提供了将XML实例文档反向生成Java对象树的方法,并能将Java对象树的内容重新写到XML实例文档。是JDK的组成部分
JDK中JAXB相关的重要Class和Interface:
JAXBContext类,是应用的入口,用于管理XML/Java绑定信息。
Marshaller接口,将Java对象序列化为XML数据。
Unmarshaller接口,将XML数据反序列化为Java对象。
当使用 @XmlRootElement 注释对顶层类或枚举类型进行注释时,类型值被表示为 XML 文档中的 XML 元素。
JAXB Annotation
@XmlRootElement // xml 文件的根元素 将Java类或枚举类型映射到XML元素(必须使用 指定xml跟元素)
@XmlElement //将Java类的一个属性映射到与属性同名的一个XML元素
@XmlAccessorType // 控制默认情况下是否对字段或 Javabean 属性进行系列化(必须使用 指定如何转化)。
@XmlTransient
XmlAccessorType
默认规则:
默认情况下,如果包中不存在 @XmlAccessorType,那么假定使用以下包级别注释。
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.PUBLIC_MEMBER)
默认情况下,如果类中不存在 @XmlAccessorType,并且没有任何超类是使用 @XmlAccessorType 注释的,则假定在类中使用以下默认注释:
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.PUBLIC_MEMBER)
可能值:
FIELD: JAXB 绑定类中的每个非静态、非瞬态字段将会自动绑定到 XML,除非由 XmlTransient 注释。
NONE: 所有字段或属性都不能绑定到 XML,除非使用一些 JAXB 注释专门对它们进行注释。
PROPERTY: JAXB 绑定类中的每个获取方法/设置方法(get/set方法)对将会自动绑定到 XML,除非由 XmlTransient 注释。
PUBLIC_MEMBER:每个公共获取方法/设置方法对和每个公共字段将会自动绑定到 XML,除非由 XmlTransient 注释。
Java Bean转换成XML实例:
实体类:
@XmlRootElement(name = "person")
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)public classPerson {privateString name;privateInteger age;publicString getName() {returnname;
}public voidsetName(String name) {this.name =name;
}publicInteger getAge() {returnage;
}public voidsetAge(Integer age) {this.age =age;
}
}
转换代码:
importjavax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;importjavax.xml.bind.JAXBException;importjavax.xml.bind.Marshaller;importjavax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller;public classJAXBTest {public static void main(String[] args) throwsJAXBException {
JAXBContext context= JAXBContext.newInstance(Person.class);
Marshaller marshaller=context.createMarshaller();
Unmarshaller unmarshaller=context.createUnmarshaller();
Person person= newPerson();
person.setAge(11);
person.setName("测试");
marshaller.marshal(person, System.out);
System.out.println();
}
}
输出结果:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>测试11
XML转换成Bean实例:
importjavax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;importjavax.xml.bind.JAXBException;importjavax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller;importjava.io.StringReader;public classJAXBTest {public static void main(String[] args) throwsJAXBException {
JAXBContext context= JAXBContext.newInstance(Person.class);
Unmarshaller unmarshaller=context.createUnmarshaller();
String xml= "11测试";
Person person= (Person) unmarshaller.unmarshal(newStringReader(xml));
System.out.println(person.getAge());
}
}
XML转换成Bean是有命名空间的情况:
public classJAXBTest {public static void main(String[] args) throwsJAXBException {
JAXBContext context= JAXBContext.newInstance(Person.class);
Unmarshaller unmarshaller=context.createUnmarshaller();
String xml= "11测试";
Person person= (Person) unmarshaller.unmarshal(newStringReader(xml));
System.out.println(person.getAge());
}
}
会报错:
Exception in thread "main" javax.xml.bind.UnmarshalException: 意外的元素 (uri:"http://test.org/", local:"person")。所需元素为at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext.handleEvent(UnmarshallingContext.java:726)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.Loader.reportError(Loader.java:247)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.Loader.reportError(Loader.java:242)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.Loader.reportUnexpectedChildElement(Loader.java:109)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext$DefaultRootLoader.childElement(UnmarshallingContext.java:1131)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext._startElement(UnmarshallingContext.java:556)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext.startElement(UnmarshallingContext.java:538)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.SAXConnector.startElement(SAXConnector.java:153)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(AbstractSAXParser.java:509)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:374)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:613)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:3132)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:852)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:602)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:112)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:505)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:841)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:770)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:141)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(AbstractSAXParser.java:1213)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(SAXParserImpl.java:643)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal0(UnmarshallerImpl.java:243)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(UnmarshallerImpl.java:214)
at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.java:157)
at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.java:214)
一种处理方法就是XML转换成Bean的时候忽略命名空间:
importorg.xml.sax.InputSource;importorg.xml.sax.SAXException;importorg.xml.sax.XMLReader;importjavax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;importjavax.xml.bind.JAXBException;importjavax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller;importjavax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;importjavax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;importjavax.xml.transform.Source;importjavax.xml.transform.sax.SAXSource;importjava.io.StringReader;public classJAXBTest {public static void main(String[] args) throwsJAXBException, ParserConfigurationException, SAXException {
JAXBContext jaxbContext= JAXBContext.newInstance(Person.class);
Unmarshaller unmarshaller=jaxbContext.createUnmarshaller();
String xml= "11测试";
StringReader reader= newStringReader(xml);
SAXParserFactory sax=SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
sax.setNamespaceAware(false);//设置忽略明明空间
XMLReader xmlReader =sax.newSAXParser().getXMLReader();
Source source= new SAXSource(xmlReader, newInputSource(reader));
Person person=(Person) unmarshaller.unmarshal(source);
System.out.println(person.getAge());
}
}
如果我们的根元素没有子元素并且里面有值 而且我们需要解析XML获取这个值的时候 一种解决办法:修改我们的Bean注解 这样就能正确转化成Bean
importjavax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;importjavax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlValue;
@XmlRootElement(name= "string")public classXMLToBeanlVo {privateString stringValue;
@XmlValuepublicString getStringValue() {returnstringValue;
}public voidsetStringValue(String stringValue) {this.stringValue =stringValue;
}
}
将xml中多个相同的元素解析成java中的list
test
13810000001
test
13810000002
java实体类:
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlRootElement(name= "reports")public classXmlVo {
@XmlElement(name= "report")private Listreport;public ListgetReport() {returnreport;
}public void setReport(Listreport) {this.report =report;
}
}
public classDetailXmlVo {privateString name;privateString mobile;
}
参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/Nouno/p/5728112.html