java nio netty_Java NIO框架--Netty4的简单示例

简介

相比Netty3, Netty4有很多显著的变化：

NioEventLoopGroup 是一个处理I/O操作的多线程事件环。即为Netty4里的线程池，在3.x里，一个Channel是由ChannelFactory创建的，同时新创建的Channel会自动注册到一个隐藏的I/O线程。 4.0使用新的名为EventLoopGroup的接口来替换ChannelFactory，它由一个或多个EventLoop来构成。一个新的 Channel不会自动注册到EventLoopGroup，但用户可以显式调用EventLoopGroup.register()来注册。在Server端的Bootstrap参数中，有两个EventLoopGroup，第一个通常称为'boss'，用于接收发来的连接请求。第二个称为'worker',，用于处理boss接受并且注册给worker的连接中的信息。

ChannelInitializer是一个特殊的handler，用于方便的配置用户自定义的handler实现，如代码中所示。在channelRegistered的生命周期中会触发用户复写的initChannel(C ch)方法，并且在调用后会讲自身从channelPipeline中移除。

代码示例

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;

import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;

import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;

import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;

import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ClassResolvers;

import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectDecoder;

import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectEncoder;

import io.netty.handler.logging.LogLevel;

import io.netty.handler.logging.LoggingHandler;

import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;

import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.SelfSignedCertificate;

/**

* DateTime: 2015年1月5日 上午9:56:10

*

*/

public class HelloWorldServer {

static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;

static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8007"));

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

// Configure SSL.

final SslContext sslCtx;

if (SSL) {

SelfSignedCertificate ssc = new SelfSignedCertificate();

sslCtx = SslContext.newServerContext(ssc.certificate(), ssc.privateKey());

} else {

sslCtx = null;

}

// Configure the server.

EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);

EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();

try {

ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();

b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)

.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)

.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 100)

.handler(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO))

.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer() {

@Override

public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {

ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();

if (sslCtx != null) {

p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc()));

}

p.addLast(new LoggingHandler(LogLevel.INFO));

p.addLast(

new ObjectEncoder(),

new ObjectDecoder(ClassResolvers.cacheDisabled(null)),

new HelloWorldServerHandler());

}

});

// Start the server.

ChannelFuture f = b.bind(PORT).sync();

// Wait until the server socket is closed.

f.channel().closeFuture().sync();

} finally {

// Shut down all event loops to terminate all threads.

bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();

workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();

}

}

}

class HelloWorldServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

@Override

public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {

ctx.write("server write msg:"+msg);

}

@Override

public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {

ctx.flush();

}

@Override

public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {

// Close the connection when an exception is raised.

cause.printStackTrace();

ctx.close();

}

}

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;

import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;

import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;

import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;

import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ClassResolvers;

import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectDecoder;

import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectEncoder;

import io.netty.handler.ssl.SslContext;

import io.netty.handler.ssl.util.InsecureTrustManagerFactory;

/**

* DateTime: 2015年1月5日 上午9:56:22

*

*/

public class HelloWorldClient {

static final boolean SSL = System.getProperty("ssl") != null;

static final String HOST = System.getProperty("host", "127.0.0.1");

static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "8007"));

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

// Configure SSL.git

final SslContext sslCtx;

if (SSL) {

sslCtx = SslContext.newClientContext(InsecureTrustManagerFactory.INSTANCE);

}

else {

sslCtx = null;

}

// Configure the client.

EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();

try {

Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();

b.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class).option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)

.handler(new ChannelInitializer() {

@Override

public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {

ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();

if (sslCtx != null) {

p.addLast(sslCtx.newHandler(ch.alloc(), HOST, PORT));

}

p.addLast(new ObjectEncoder(), new ObjectDecoder(ClassResolvers.cacheDisabled(null)),

new HelloWorldClientHandler());

}

});

// Start the client.

ChannelFuture f = b.connect(HOST, PORT).sync();

// Wait until the connection is closed.

f.channel().closeFuture().sync();

}

finally {

// Shut down the event loop to terminate all threads.

group.shutdownGracefully();

}

}

}

class HelloWorldClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {

private final String msg = "hello Java world";

/**

* Creates a client-side handler.

*/

public HelloWorldClientHandler() {

//TODO

}

@Override

public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {

ctx.writeAndFlush(msg);

}

@Override

public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {

System.out.println(msg);

//        ctx.write(msg);

}

@Override

public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {

ctx.flush();

}

@Override

public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {

// Close the connection when an exception is raised.

cause.printStackTrace();

ctx.close();

}

}

Netty 的详细介绍：请点这里

Netty 的下载地址：请点这里