python常用库大全文库_Python库参考手册

Python库参考手册

Python库参考手册(Python Library Reference) Release 2.3.3 Guido van Rossum Fred L. Drake, Jr., editor 翻译团队: 见文末名单 译文最后修改: 2004年3月22日 PythonLabs Email:docs@python.org Copyright c ? 2001, 2002, 2003 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved. Copyright c ? 2000 BeO . All rights reserved. Copyright c ? 1995-2000 Corporation for National Research Initiatives. All rights reserved. Copyright c ? 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum. All rights reserved. See the end of this document for complete license and permissions ination. 详细版权及使用许可的资料见本文的最后部份. Python is an extensible, interpreted, object-oriented programming language. It supports a wide range of applica- tions, from simple text processing scripts to interactive Web browsers. Python 是一种可扩展的, 即译式, 面向对象规格的编程语言. 它能应用在极广泛的地方, 从简单的文字处理 工作到交互式的网页浏览器. While the Python Reference Manual describes the exact syntax and semantics of the language, it does not describe the standard library that is distributed with the language, and which greatly enhances its immediate usability. This library contains built-in modules (written in C) that provide access to system functionality such as fi le I/O that would otherwise be inaccessible to Python programmers, as well as modules written in Python that provide standardized solutions for many problems that occur in everyday programming. Some of these modules are explicitly designed to encourage and enhance the portability of Python programs. Python语言参考手册中精确地描述了Python 语言的句法及语义. 然而语言参考手册中没有提到Python 所 附带功能强大的标准库. 这个函式库大大地增强了Python 的实用性. 其中包括C 写的内建模组, 提供介面 让程式进行操作系统层次的工作, 例如档案的输出输入; 同时也有以Python 语言本身编写的模组, 为实际 编程时常遇的问题提供标准解决方案. 这类模组有的经过特别设计以便Python 程式在跨平台的情况下运 行无误. This library reference manual documents Python’s standard library, as well as many optional library modules (which may or may not be available, depending on whether the underlying plat supports them and on the confi guration choices made at compile time). It also documents the standard types of the language and its built-in functions and exceptions, many of which are not or incompletely documented in the Reference Manual. 本参考手册罗列并说明了Python 标准库的各种功能, 以及许多非核心的模组(按不同的操作系统和编译时 的设置而定, 不是每台机上的Python 都能用这些模组.) 本手册同时记载了Python 语言所有的标准数据类 型, 内建函数, 异常类, 这些在参考手册中被忽略了或只是扼要的提过一下. This manual assumes basic knowledge about the Python language. For an inal introduction to Python, see the Python Tutorial; the Python Reference Manual remains the highest authority on syntactic and semantic questions. Finally, the manual entitled Extending and Embedding the Python Interpreter describes how to add new extensions to Python and how to embed it in other applications. 本手册的读者要对Python 有基本的认识. 初学者应该从Python指南开始. 至于Python语言参考手册则是 该语言的语法和语义问题上的权威阐释. 最后扩展或嵌入Python解释器一文解说了如何在Python 中加入 新的扩展模组; 以及怎样把Python 解释器嵌入到其他的应用程式中. 目录 第第第一一一章章章内内内建建建对对对象象象Built-In Objects1 第第第二二二章章章Python运运运行行行时时时服服服务务务Python Runtime Services3 2.1main— 顶层脚本的运行环境Top-level script environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 第第第三三三章章章其其其他他他各各各类类类服服服务务务Miscellaneous S