java xpath 命名空间,如何使用XPath使用Java中的命名空间查询XML？

When my XML looks like this (no xmlns) then I can easly query it with XPath like /workbook/sheets/sheet[1]

But when it looks like this then I can't

Any ideas?

解决方案

In the second example XML file the elements are bound to a namespace. Your XPath is attempting to address elements that are bound to the default "no namespace" namespace, so they don't match.

The preferred method is to register the namespace with a namespace-prefix. It makes your XPath much easier to develop, read, and maintain.

However, it is not mandatory that you register the namespace and use the namespace-prefix in your XPath.

You can formulate an XPath expression that uses a generic match for an element and a predicate filter that restricts the match for the desired local-name() and the namespace-uri(). For example:

/*[local-name()='workbook'

and namespace-uri()='http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/spreadsheetml/2006/main']

/*[local-name()='sheets'

and namespace-uri()='http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/spreadsheetml/2006/main']

/*[local-name()='sheet'

and namespace-uri()='http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/spreadsheetml/2006/main'][1]

As you can see, it produces an extremely long and verbose XPath statement that is very difficult to read (and maintain).

You could also just match on the local-name() of the element and ignore the namespace. For example:

/*[local-name()='workbook']/*[local-name()='sheets']/*[local-name()='sheet'][1]

However, you run the risk of matching the wrong elements. If your XML has mixed vocabularies (which may not be an issue for this instance) that use the same local-name(), your XPath could match on the wrong elements and select the wrong content: