mysql时间戳14小时_SpringBoot时间戳与MySql数据库记录相差14小时排错

项目中遇到存储的时间戳与真实时间相差14小时的现象,以下为解决步骤.

问题

CREATE TABLE `incident` (

`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`created_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,

`recovery_time` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL,

PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=0 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

以上为数据库建表语句,其中created_time是插入记录时自动设置,recovery_time需要手动进行设置.

测试时发现,created_time为正确的北京时间,然而recovery_time则与设置时间相差14小时.

尝试措施

jvm时区设置

//设置jvm默认时间

System.setProperty("user.timezone", "UTC");

数据库时区查询

查看数据库时区设置:

show variables like '%time_zone%';

--- 查询结果如下所示:

--- system_time_zone: CST

--- time_zone:SYSTEM

美国中部时间 Central Standard Time (USA) UTC-06:00

澳大利亚中部时间 Central Standard Time (Australia) UTC+09:30

中国标准时 China Standard Time UTC+08:00

古巴标准时 Cuba Standard Time UTC-04:00

此处发现如果按照美国中部时间进行推算,相差14小时,与Bug吻合.

验证过程

MyBatis转换

代码中,时间戳使用Instant进行存储,因此跟踪package org.apache.ibatis.type下的InstantTypeHandler.

@UsesJava8

public class InstantTypeHandler extends BaseTypeHandler {

@Override

public void setNonNullParameter(PreparedStatement ps, int i, Instant parameter, JdbcType jdbcType) throws SQLException {

ps.setTimestamp(i, Timestamp.from(parameter));

}

//...代码shenglve

}

调试时发现parameter为正确的UTC时.

函数中调用Timestamp.from将Instant转换为Timestamp实例,检查无误.

/**

* Sets the designated parameter to the given java.sql.Timestamp value.

* The driver

* converts this to an SQL TIMESTAMP value when it sends it to the

* database.

*

* @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...

* @param x the parameter value

* @exception SQLException if parameterIndex does not correspond to a parameter

* marker in the SQL statement; if a database access error occurs or

* this method is called on a closed PreparedStatement */

void setTimestamp(int parameterIndex, java.sql.Timestamp x)

throws SQLException;

继续跟踪setTimestamp接口,其具体解释见代码注释.

Sql Driver转换

项目使用com.mysql.cj.jdbc驱动,跟踪其setTimestamp在ClientPreparedStatement类下的具体实现(PreparedStatementWrapper类下实现未进入).

@Override

public void setTimestamp(int parameterIndex, Timestamp x) throws java.sql.SQLException {

synchronized (checkClosed().getConnectionMutex()) {

((PreparedQuery>) this.query).getQueryBindings().setTimestamp(getCoreParameterIndex(parameterIndex), x);

}

}

继续跟踪上端代码中的getQueryBindings().setTimestamp()实现(com.mysql.cj.ClientPreparedQueryBindings).

@Override

public void setTimestamp(int parameterIndex, Timestamp x, Calendar targetCalendar, int fractionalLength) {

if (x == null) {

setNull(parameterIndex);

} else {

x = (Timestamp) x.clone();

if (!this.session.getServerSession().getCapabilities().serverSupportsFracSecs()

|| !this.sendFractionalSeconds.getValue() && fractionalLength == 0) {

x = TimeUtil.truncateFractionalSeconds(x);

}

if (fractionalLength < 0) {

// default to 6 fractional positions

fractionalLength = 6;

}

x = TimeUtil.adjustTimestampNanosPrecision(x, fractionalLength, !this.session.getServerSession().isServerTruncatesFracSecs());

//注意此处时区转换

this.tsdf = TimeUtil.getSimpleDateFormat(this.tsdf, "''yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", targetCalendar,

targetCalendar != null ? null : this.session.getServerSession().getDefaultTimeZone());

StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();

buf.append(this.tsdf.format(x));

if (this.session.getServerSession().getCapabilities().serverSupportsFracSecs()) {

buf.append('.');

buf.append(TimeUtil.formatNanos(x.getNanos(), 6));

}

buf.append('\'');

setValue(parameterIndex, buf.toString(), MysqlType.TIMESTAMP);

}

}

注意此处时区转换,会调用如下语句获取默认时区:

this.session.getServerSession().getDefaultTimeZone()

获取TimeZone数据,具体如下图所示:

检查TimeZone类中offset含义,具体如下所示:

/**

* Gets the time zone offset, for current date, modified in case of

* daylight savings. This is the offset to add to UTC to get local time.

*

* This method returns a historically correct offset if an

* underlying TimeZone implementation subclass

* supports historical Daylight Saving Time schedule and GMT

* offset changes.

*

* @param era the era of the given date.

* @param year the year in the given date.

* @param month the month in the given date.

* Month is 0-based. e.g., 0 for January.

* @param day the day-in-month of the given date.

* @param dayOfWeek the day-of-week of the given date.

* @param milliseconds the milliseconds in day in standard

* local time.

*

* @return the offset in milliseconds to add to GMT to get local time.

*

* @see Calendar#ZONE_OFFSET

* @see Calendar#DST_OFFSET

*/

public abstract int getOffset(int era, int year, int month, int day,

int dayOfWeek, int milliseconds);

offset表示本地时间与UTC时的时间间隔(ms).

计算数值offset,发现其表示美国中部时间,即UTC-06:00.

Driver推断Session时区为UTC-6;

Driver将Timestamp转换为UTC-6的String;

MySql认为Session时区在UTC+8,将String转换为UTC+8.

因此,最终结果相差14小时,bug源头找到.

解决方案

参照https://juejin.im/post/5902e087da2f60005df05c3d.

mysql> set global time_zone = '+08:00';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set time_zone = '+08:00';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

告知运维设置时区,重启MySql服务,问题解决.

此外,作为防御措施,可以在jdbc url中设置时区(如此设置可以不用修改MySql配置):

jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/table_name?useTimezone=true&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8

此时,就告知连接进行时区转换,并且时区为UTC+8.

PS:

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