python标准库需要导入吗,为什么必须“导入” Python标准库函数？

I'm new to Python coding and I'm coming from a PHP background. I'm curious why you have to 'import' functions at the top of you python script. In PHP you can simply use the function such as:

sleep(10);

The above would cause the script to sleep for 10 seconds. However, to do the same thing in python, it seems I have to import the 'time' functionality:

import time

time.sleep(10)

My question is: why is this necessary? If these extra functions are part of python already, why does python have to specifically load them? In PHP, if a module is missing, the script fails. I have to install the module globally and then it's usable like normal.

Is there an advantage to python's approach?

解决方案

Yes, several. It means that there is less to compile and run by default. Your program will load faster, because it only knows about the parts of Python that it actually needs.

It keeps the global namespace clean, and allows functionality to be grouped logically into modules. Different modules can have identically-named functions without clashes (a file and socket class would probably both have open and close functions, for example).