linux服务器配置python环境_【Linux】Linux服务器（centos7）环境搭建java/python3/nginx...

1. 用的服务器是阿里云服务器，系统是CentOS7，远程连接工具是 Xshell 和 Xftp

2. 搭建java环境，我用的是jdk1.8

需要 jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz，在自己电脑上下载，然后用Xftp传到服务器上,保存在usr/local文件夹下，解压。我试过用wget下载，不知道为什么解压的时候提示文件损坏。

cd usr/localtar -zxvf jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz

添加环境变量

vim /etc/profile

在文件末尾添加，然后保存，退出文件编辑

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181

export JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_181/jre

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH

export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/bin:$PATH

让新加的环境变量生效，然后检查java安装是否成功。

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]# source /etc/profile

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]# java-version

java version"1.8.0_181"

3. 安装python3

下载python3.7.0、解压、安装， 需要一点时间

cd /usr/localwget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.0/Python-3.7.0.tar.xz

tar -xvJf Python-3.7.0.tar.xz

cd Python-3.7.0./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3make && make install

发现执行完后有个问题

zipimport.ZipImportError: can't decompress data; zlib not available

make: *** [install] Error 1

百度了一下缺少zlib依赖包，安装一下

yum -y install zlib*

然后回到python3目录下，重新安装

cd /usr/local/Python-3.7.0

make && make install

又发现另外一个错误

ModuleNotFoundError: No module named '_ctypes'

make: *** [install] Error 1

安装libffi-devel， 再回到python3安装目录下重新安装, 终于OJBK

yum -y install libffi-devel

cd/usr/local/Python-3.7.0

make && make install

创建软连接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

检查是否安装成功

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# python3 -V

Python3.7.0[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# python3

Python3.7.0 (default, Aug 29 2018, 19:16:43)

[GCC4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux

Type"help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for moreinformation.>>> ^Z

[2]+Stopped python3

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]#

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# python

Python2.7.5 (default, Aug 4 2017, 00:39:18)

[GCC4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16)] on linux2

Type"help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for moreinformation.>>>[3]+Stopped python

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# pip3 installnumpy

Lookingin indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

Collecting numpy

Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/1a/2e/4e298c92b1fced64a4414ada9af3253a91083b92b131c2b10c057c507982/numpy-1.15.1-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (13.8MB)

100% |████████████████████████████████| 13.9MB 5.1MB/s

Installing collected packages: numpy

Successfully installed numpy-1.15.1You are using pip version10.0.1, however version 18.0is available.

You should consider upgrading via the'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

升级pip3并检查

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# pip3 install --upgrade pip

Lookingin indexes: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

Collecting pip

Downloading http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/packages/5f/25/e52d3f31441505a5f3af41213346e5b6c221c9e086a166f3703d2ddaf940/pip-18.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.3MB)

100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.3MB 55.1MB/s

Installing collected packages: pip

Found existing installation: pip10.0.1Uninstalling pip-10.0.1:

Successfully uninstalled pip-10.0.1Successfully installed pip-18.0[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]# pip3 -V

pip18.0 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pip (python 3.7)

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ Python-3.7.0]#

5. 删除java和python3的安装包

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]# rm jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gzrm: remove regular file ‘jdk-8u181-linux-x64.tar.gz’?yes

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]#rm Python-3.7.0.tar.xzrm: remove regular file ‘Python-3.7.0.tar.xz’? yes

6. 安装nginx

需要先创建一个/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo文件

touch /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

vim/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo

在vim编辑界面把下面这几行加进去(xshell可以直接复制粘贴)， 保存。

要注意的是

baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/

这一行要把 centos 和 7 改成自己的操作系统和版本

[nginx]

name=nginx repo

baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/$basearch/

gpgcheck=0enabled=1

然后

wget http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key

sudo rpm --import nginx_signing.keyyumupdate

cd/usr/localyum install nginx

启动nginx, 并查看是否有这个进程

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]# nginx

[root@iZwz94jyld0skyrwc1772eZ local]#ps -ef|grepnginx

root17442 1 0 20:19 ? 00:00:00nginx: master process nginx

nginx17443 17442 0 20:19 ? 00:00:00nginx: worker process

root17456 1105 0 20:20 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx

nginx默认的端口号是80，去阿里云控制台开放这个端口

浏览器输入服务器的ip，出现 welcome to nginx 表示nginx启动成功