python3 compile_Python3 compile()函数

1.Python3 compile()函数

exec 语句或者内建函数eval()来执行这些对象或者对它们进行求值。

一个很重要的观点是：

第一参数代表了要编译的

可求值表达式:

Python

>>> eval_code = compile('100 + 200', '', 'eval')

>>> eval(eval_code)

300

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>>>eval_code=compile('100 + 200','','eval')

>>>eval(eval_code)

300

可执行语句组:

Python

>>> exec_code = compile("""

... req = input('Count how many numbers? ')

... for eachNum in range(req):

... print eachNum

... """, '', 'exec')

>>> exec exec_code

Count how many numbers? 6

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5

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>>>exec_code=compile("""

... req = input('Count how many numbers? ')

... for eachNum in range(req):

... print eachNum

... """,'','exec')

>>>execexec_code

Counthowmanynumbers?6

0

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5

2.eval函数

eval()对表达式求值，后者可以为字符串或内建函数complie()创建的预编译代码对象。

eval(source[, globals[, locals]])

第二个和第三个参数，都为可选的，分别代表了全局和局部名字空间中的对象。如果给出这两个参数，globals 必须是个字典，locals可以是任意的映射对象，比如，一个实现了__getitem__()方法的对象。(在2.4 之前，local 必须是一个字典)如果都没给出这两个参数，分别默认为globals()和locals()返回的对象，如果只传入了一个全局字典，那么该字典也作为locals 传入。

Python

>>> eval('100 + 200')

300

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>>>eval('100 + 200')

300

3.exec语句

exec 语句执行代码对象或字符串形式的

Python

>>> exec """

... x = 0

... print 'x is currently:', x

... while x < 5:

... x += 1

... print 'incrementing x to:', x

... """

x is currently: 0

incrementing x to: 1

incrementing x to: 2

incrementing x to: 3

incrementing x to: 4

incrementing x to: 5

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>>>exec"""

... x = 0

... print 'x is currently:', x

... while x < 5:

... x += 1

... print 'incrementing x to:', x

... """

xiscurrently:0

incrementingxto:1

incrementingxto:2

incrementingxto:3

incrementingxto:4

incrementingxto:5

最后, exec 还可以接受有效的python 文件对象。如果我们用上面的多行代码创建一个叫xcount.py 的文件，那么也可以用下面的方法执行相同的代码

Python

>>> f = open('xcount.py') # open the file

>>> exec f # execute the file

x is currently: 0

incrementing x to: 1

incrementing x to: 2

incrementing x to: 3

incrementing x to: 4

incrementing x to: 5

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>>>f=open('xcount.py')# open the file

>>>execf# execute the file

xiscurrently:0

incrementingxto:1

incrementingxto:2

incrementingxto:3

incrementingxto:4

incrementingxto:5