Python对数据库进行增删改查需要使用数据库相关的库，如MySQLdb、pymysql、sqlite3等。下面以sqlite3为例，介绍Python对数据库进行增删改查的基本操作方法。
1. 连接数据库
```python
import sqlite3
# 连接到数据库，如果不存在则创建
conn = sqlite3.connect('test.db')
print("Opened database successfully")
```
2. 创建数据表
```python
# 创建表
conn.execute('''CREATE TABLE COMPANY
(ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
NAME TEXT NOT NULL,
AGE INT NOT NULL,
ADDRESS CHAR(50),
SALARY REAL);''')
print("Table created successfully")
```
3. 插入数据
```python
# 插入数据
conn.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \
VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 )")
conn.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \
VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 )")
conn.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \
VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 )")
conn.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \
VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond', 65000.00 )")
conn.commit()
print("Records created successfully")
```
4. 查询数据
```python
# 查询数据
cursor = conn.execute("SELECT id, name, address, salary from COMPANY")
for row in cursor:
print("ID = ", row[0])
print("NAME = ", row[1])
print("ADDRESS = ", row[2])
print("SALARY = ", row[3], "\n")
```
5. 更新数据
```python
# 更新数据
conn.execute("UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID = 1")
conn.commit()
print("Total number of rows updated :", conn.total_changes)
```
6. 删除数据
```python
# 删除数据
conn.execute("DELETE from COMPANY where ID = 2;")
conn.commit()
print("Total number of rows deleted :", conn.total_changes)
```
7. 关闭数据库连接
```python
# 关闭数据库连接
conn.close()
```
完整的Python对数据库进行增删改查的示例代码：
```python
import sqlite3
# 连接到数据库，如果不存在则创建
conn = sqlite3.connect('test.db')
print("Opened database successfully")
# 创建表
conn.execute('''CREATE TABLE COMPANY
(ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,
NAME TEXT NOT NULL,
AGE INT NOT NULL,
ADDRESS CHAR(50),
SALARY REAL);''')
print("Table created successfully")
# 插入数据
conn.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \
VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 )")
conn.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \
VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 )")
conn.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \
VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 )")
conn.execute("INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) \
VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond', 65000.00 )")
conn.commit()
print("Records created successfully")
# 查询数据
cursor = conn.execute("SELECT id, name, address, salary from COMPANY")
for row in cursor:
print("ID = ", row[0])
print("NAME = ", row[1])
print("ADDRESS = ", row[2])
print("SALARY = ", row[3], "\n")
# 更新数据
conn.execute("UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID = 1")
conn.commit()
print("Total number of rows updated :", conn.total_changes)
# 删除数据
conn.execute("DELETE from COMPANY where ID = 2;")
conn.commit()
print("Total number of rows deleted :", conn.total_changes)
# 关闭数据库连接
conn.close()
```
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