java中rsa算法的使用_Java中利用RSA算法进行加密解密

首先需要两个工具类

package cnsts.common.utils;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.math.BigInteger;

import java.security.KeyFactory;

import java.security.KeyPair;

import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;

import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

import java.security.PrivateKey;

import java.security.PublicKey;

import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;

import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;

import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;

import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;

import java.security.spec.RSAPublicKeySpec;

import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

/**

* Created by wk on 2017/2/14.

*/

public class RSAUtils {

private static String RSA = "RSA";

/** *//**

* RSA最大加密明文大小

*/

private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;

/**

* 随机生成RSA密钥对(默认密钥长度为1024)

*

* @return

*/

public static KeyPair generateRSAKeyPair()

{

return generateRSAKeyPair(1024);

}

/**

* 随机生成RSA密钥对

*

* @param keyLength

* 密钥长度,范围:512~2048

* 一般1024

* @return

*/

public static KeyPair generateRSAKeyPair(int keyLength)

{

try

{

KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(RSA);

kpg.initialize(keyLength);

return kpg.genKeyPair();

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e)

{

e.printStackTrace();

return null;

}

}

/**

* 用公钥加密

* 每次加密的字节数,不能超过密钥的长度值减去11

*

* @param data

* 需加密数据的byte数据

* @param publicKey 公钥

* @return 加密后的byte型数据

*/

public static byte[] encryptData(byte[] data, PublicKey publicKey)

{

try

{

Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");

// 编码前设定编码方式及密钥

cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);

// 传入编码数据并返回编码结果

int inputLen = data.length;

ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

int offSet = 0;

byte[] cache;

int i = 0;

// 对数据分段加密

while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {

if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {

cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);

} else {

cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);

}

out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);

i++;

offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;

}

byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();

out.close();

return encryptedData;

} catch (Exception e)

{

e.printStackTrace();

return null;

}

}

/**

* 用私钥解密

*

* @param encryptedData

* 经过encryptedData()加密返回的byte数据

* @param privateKey

* 私钥

* @return

*/

public static byte[] decryptData(byte[] encryptedData, PrivateKey privateKey)

{

try

{

Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");

cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);

return cipher.doFinal(encryptedData);

} catch (Exception e)

{

e.printStackTrace();

return null;

}

}

/**

* 通过公钥byte[](publicKey.getEncoded())将公钥还原,适用于RSA算法

*

* @param keyBytes

* @return

* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException

* @throws InvalidKeySpecException

*/

public static PublicKey getPublicKey(byte[] keyBytes) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException,

InvalidKeySpecException

{

X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA);

PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);

return publicKey;

}

/**

* 通过私钥byte[]将公钥还原,适用于RSA算法

*

* @param keyBytes

* @return

* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException

* @throws InvalidKeySpecException

*/

public static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(byte[] keyBytes) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException,

InvalidKeySpecException

{

PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA);

PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);

return privateKey;

}

/**

* 使用N、e值还原公钥

*

* @param modulus

* @param publicExponent

* @return

* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException

* @throws InvalidKeySpecException

*/

public static PublicKey getPublicKey(String modulus, String publicExponent)

throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException

{

BigInteger bigIntModulus = new BigInteger(modulus);

BigInteger bigIntPrivateExponent = new BigInteger(publicExponent);

RSAPublicKeySpec keySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(bigIntModulus, bigIntPrivateExponent);

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA);

PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);

return publicKey;

}

/**

* 使用N、d值还原私钥

*

* @param modulus

* @param privateExponent

* @return

* @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException

* @throws InvalidKeySpecException

*/

public static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String modulus, String privateExponent)

throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException

{

BigInteger bigIntModulus = new BigInteger(modulus);

BigInteger bigIntPrivateExponent = new BigInteger(privateExponent);

RSAPublicKeySpec keySpec = new RSAPublicKeySpec(bigIntModulus, bigIntPrivateExponent);

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA);

PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);

return privateKey;

}

/**

* 从字符串中加载公钥

*

* @param publicKeyStr

* 公钥数据字符串

* @throws Exception

* 加载公钥时产生的异常

*/

public static PublicKey loadPublicKey(String publicKeyStr) throws Exception

{

try

{

byte[] buffer = Base64Utils.decode(publicKeyStr);

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA);

X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(buffer);

return (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e)

{

throw new Exception("无此算法");

} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e)

{

throw new Exception("公钥非法");

} catch (NullPointerException e)

{

throw new Exception("公钥数据为空");

}

}

/**

* 从字符串中加载私钥

* 加载时使用的是PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(PKCS#8编码的Key指令)。

*

* @param privateKeyStr

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static PrivateKey loadPrivateKey(String privateKeyStr) throws Exception

{

try

{

byte[] buffer = Base64Utils.decode(privateKeyStr);

// X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(buffer);

PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(buffer);

KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(RSA);

return (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e)

{

throw new Exception("无此算法");

} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e)

{

throw new Exception("私钥非法");

} catch (NullPointerException e)

{

throw new Exception("私钥数据为空");

}

}

/**

* 从文件中输入流中加载公钥

*

* @param in

* 公钥输入流

* @throws Exception

* 加载公钥时产生的异常

*/

public static PublicKey loadPublicKey(InputStream in) throws Exception

{

try

{

return loadPublicKey(readKey(in));

} catch (IOException e)

{

throw new Exception("公钥数据流读取错误");

} catch (NullPointerException e)

{

throw new Exception("公钥输入流为空");

}

}

/**

* 从文件中加载私钥

*

* @param in

* 私钥文件名

* @return 是否成功

* @throws Exception

*/

public static PrivateKey loadPrivateKey(InputStream in) throws Exception

{

try

{

return loadPrivateKey(readKey(in));

} catch (IOException e)

{

throw new Exception("私钥数据读取错误");

} catch (NullPointerException e)

{

throw new Exception("私钥输入流为空");

}

}

/**

* 读取密钥信息

*

* @param in

* @return

* @throws IOException

*/

private static String readKey(InputStream in) throws IOException

{

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));

String readLine = null;

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

while ((readLine = br.readLine()) != null)

{

if (readLine.charAt(0) == '-')

{

continue;

} else

{

sb.append(readLine);

sb.append('\r');

}

}

return sb.toString();

}

/**

* 打印公钥信息

*

* @param publicKey

*/

public static void printPublicKeyInfo(PublicKey publicKey)

{

RSAPublicKey rsaPublicKey = (RSAPublicKey) publicKey;

System.out.println("----------RSAPublicKey----------");

System.out.println("Modulus.length=" + rsaPublicKey.getModulus().bitLength());

System.out.println("Modulus=" + rsaPublicKey.getModulus().toString());

System.out.println("PublicExponent.length=" + rsaPublicKey.getPublicExponent().bitLength());

System.out.println("PublicExponent=" + rsaPublicKey.getPublicExponent().toString());

}

public static void printPrivateKeyInfo(PrivateKey privateKey)

{

RSAPrivateKey rsaPrivateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) privateKey;

System.out.println("----------RSAPrivateKey ----------");

System.out.println("Modulus.length=" + rsaPrivateKey.getModulus().bitLength());

System.out.println("Modulus=" + rsaPrivateKey.getModulus().toString());

System.out.println("PrivateExponent.length=" + rsaPrivateKey.getPrivateExponent().bitLength());

System.out.println("PrivatecExponent=" + rsaPrivateKey.getPrivateExponent().toString());

}

}package cnsts.common.utils;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

/**

* Created by wk on 2017/2/14.

*/

public class Base64Utils {

private static char[] base64EncodeChars = new char[]

{ 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T',

'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm',

'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5',

'6', '7', '8', '9', '+', '/' };

private static byte[] base64DecodeChars = new byte[]

{ -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,

-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63, 52, 53,

54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,

12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 26, 27, 28, 29,

30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1,

-1, -1, -1 };

/**

* 加密

*

* @param data

* @return

*/

public static String encode(byte[] data)

{

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

int len = data.length;

int i = 0;

int b1, b2, b3;

while (i < len)

{

b1 = data[i++] & 0xff;

if (i == len)

{

sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b1 >>> 2]);

sb.append(base64EncodeChars[(b1 & 0x3) << 4]);

sb.append("==");

break;

}

b2 = data[i++] & 0xff;

if (i == len)

{

sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b1 >>> 2]);

sb.append(base64EncodeChars[((b1 & 0x03) << 4) | ((b2 & 0xf0) >>> 4)]);

sb.append(base64EncodeChars[(b2 & 0x0f) << 2]);

sb.append("=");

break;

}

b3 = data[i++] & 0xff;

sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b1 >>> 2]);

sb.append(base64EncodeChars[((b1 & 0x03) << 4) | ((b2 & 0xf0) >>> 4)]);

sb.append(base64EncodeChars[((b2 & 0x0f) << 2) | ((b3 & 0xc0) >>> 6)]);

sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b3 & 0x3f]);

}

return sb.toString();

}

/**

* 解密

*

* @param str

* @return

*/

public static byte[] decode(String str)

{

try

{

return decodePrivate(str);

} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)

{

e.printStackTrace();

}

return new byte[]

{};

}

private static byte[] decodePrivate(String str) throws UnsupportedEncodingException

{

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

byte[] data = null;

data = str.getBytes("US-ASCII");

int len = data.length;

int i = 0;

int b1, b2, b3, b4;

while (i < len)

{

do

{

b1 = base64DecodeChars[data[i++]];

} while (i < len && b1 == -1);

if (b1 == -1)

break;

do

{

b2 = base64DecodeChars[data[i++]];

} while (i < len && b2 == -1);

if (b2 == -1)

break;

sb.append((char) ((b1 << 2) | ((b2 & 0x30) >>> 4)));

do

{

b3 = data[i++];

if (b3 == 61)

return sb.toString().getBytes("iso8859-1");

b3 = base64DecodeChars[b3];

} while (i < len && b3 == -1);

if (b3 == -1)

break;

sb.append((char) (((b2 & 0x0f) << 4) | ((b3 & 0x3c) >>> 2)));

do

{

b4 = data[i++];

if (b4 == 61)

return sb.toString().getBytes("iso8859-1");

b4 = base64DecodeChars[b4];

} while (i < len && b4 == -1);

if (b4 == -1)

break;

sb.append((char) (((b3 & 0x03) << 6) | b4));

}

return sb.toString().getBytes("iso8859-1");

}

}

然后新建一个用来加密解密的工具类

package cnsts.common.utils;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.security.PrivateKey;

import java.security.PublicKey;

public class SecurityUtils {

/**

* 解密

* @param cipherText 密文

* @return 返回解密后的字符串

* @throws Exception

*/

public static String decrypt(String cipherText) throws Exception{

// 从文件中得到私钥

FileInputStream inPrivate = new FileInputStream(

SecurityUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResource("").getPath() + "/pkcs8_private_key.pem");

PrivateKey privateKey = RSAUtils.loadPrivateKey(inPrivate);

byte[] decryptByte = RSAUtils.decryptData(Base64Utils.decode(cipherText), privateKey);

String decryptStr = new String(decryptByte,"utf-8");

return decryptStr;

}

/**

* 加密

* @param plainTest 明文

* @return返回加密后的密文

* @throws Exception

*/

public static String encrypt(String plainTest) throws Exception{

FileInputStream inPublic = new FileInputStream(

SecurityUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResource("").getPath() + "/rsa_public_key.pem");

PublicKey publicKey = RSAUtils.loadPublicKey(inPublic);

// 加密

byte[] encryptByte = RSAUtils.encryptData(plainTest.getBytes(), publicKey);

String afterencrypt = Base64Utils.encode(encryptByte);

return afterencrypt;

}

}

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