python配置文件读取环境变量,如何在python中读取Windows环境变量值？

I tried this:

os.environ['MyVar']

But it did not work!

Is there any way suitable for all operating systems?

解决方案

Try using the following:

os.getenv('MyVar')

os.getenv(varname[, value])

Return the value of the environment variable varname if it exists, or value if it doesn’t. value defaults to None.

Availability: most flavors of Unix, Windows

So after testing it:

>>> import os

>>> os.environ['MyVar'] = 'Hello World!' # set the environment variable 'MyVar' to contain 'Hello World!'

>>> print os.getenv('MyVar')

Hello World!

>>> print os.getenv('not_existing_variable')

None

>>> print os.getenv('not_existing_variable', 'that variable does not exist')

that variable does not exist

>>> print os.environ['MyVar']

Hello World!

>>> print os.environ['not_existing_variable']

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in ?

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/UserDict.py", line 17, in __getitem__

def __getitem__(self, key): return self.data[key]

KeyError: 'not_existing_variable

Your method would work too if the environmental variable exists. The difference with using os.getenv is that it returns None (or the given value), while os.environ['MyValue'] gives a KeyError exception when the variable does not exist.