linux文件名交换位置,1.1 使用命令调换 passwd 文件里 root 位置和/bin/bash 位置？ 即将所有的第一列和最后一列位置调换？...

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin

daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin

adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin

lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin

修改后：

/bin/bash:x:0:0:root:/root:root

/sbin/nologin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:bin

/sbin/nologin:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:daemon

/sbin/nologin:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:adm

/sbin/nologin:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:lp

测试环境:

[root@show files]# head /etc/passwd >passwd.txt

方法1.

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]# cat /etc/passwd|awk -F '[:]''{a=$1;$1=$NF;$NF=a;print}'|tr " " ":"

/bin/bash:x:0:0:root:/root:root

/sbin/nologin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:bin

/sbin/nologin:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:daemon

/sbin/nologin:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:adm

/sbin/nologin:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:lp

/bin/sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:sync

/sbin/shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:shutdown

/sbin/halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:halt

/sbin/nologin:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:mail

/sbin/nologin:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:uucp

/sbin/nologin:x:11:0:operator:/root:operator

bin/nologin:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:games

/sbin/nologin:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:gopher

/sbin/nologin:x:14:50:FTP:User:/var/ftp:ftp

/sbin/nologin:x:99:99:Nobody:/:nobody

/sbin/nologin:x:81:81:System:message:bus:/:dbus

/sbin/nologin:x:69:69:virtual:console:memory:owner:/dev:vcsa

/sbin/nologin:x:173:173::/etc/abrt:abrt

/sbin/nologin:x:68:68:HAL:daemon:/:haldaemon

/sbin/nologin:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:ntp

/sbin/nologin:x:499:76:Saslauthd:user:/var/empty/saslauth:saslauth

/sbin/nologin:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:postfix

/sbin/nologin:x:74:74:Privilege-separated:SSH:/var/empty/sshd:sshd

/sbin/nologin:x:72:72::/:tcpdump

/bin/bash:x:500:500::/home/oldboy:oldboy

/bin/bash:x:501:500::/home/oldgirl:oldgirl

/bin/bash:x:502:502::/home/test:test

方法2

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]# awk -F '[:]' -vOFS=":" '{print$NF,$6,$5,$4,$3,$2,$1}' passwd.txt

/bin/bash:/root:root:0:0:x:root

/sbin/nologin:/bin:bin:1:1:x:bin

/sbin/nologin:/sbin:daemon:2:2:x:daemon

/sbin/nologin:/var/adm:adm:4:3:x:adm

/sbin/nologin:/var/spool/lpd:lp:7:4:x:lp

/bin/sync:/sbin:sync:0:5:x:sync

/sbin/shutdown:/sbin:shutdown:0:6:x:shutdown

/sbin/halt:/sbin:halt:0:7:x:halt

/sbin/nologin:/var/spool/mail:mail:12:8:x:mail

/sbin/nologin:/var/spool/uucp:uucp:14:10:x:uucp

方法三

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]#awk -F '[:]'  '{print $NF,$5,$4,$3,$2,$1}' passwd.txt

/bin/bash root 0 0 x root

/sbin/nologin bin 1 1 x bin

/sbin/nologin daemon 2 2 x daemon

/sbin/nologin adm 4 3 x adm

/sbin/nologin lp 7 4 x lp

/bin/sync sync 0 5 x sync

/sbin/shutdown shutdown 0 6 x shutdown

/sbin/halt halt 0 7 x halt

/sbin/nologin mail 12 8 x mail

/sbin/nologin uucp 14 10 x uucp

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]#awk -F '[:]'  '{print $NF,$5,$4,$3,$2,$1}' passwd.txt |tr" " ":"

/bin/bash:root:0:0:x:root

/sbin/nologin:bin:1:1:x:bin

/sbin/nologin:daemon:2:2:x:daemon

/sbin/nologin:adm:4:3:x:adm

/sbin/nologin:lp:7:4:x:lp

/bin/sync:sync:0:5:x:sync

/sbin/shutdown:shutdown:0:6:x:shutdown

/sbin/halt:halt:0:7:x:halt

/sbin/nologin:mail:12:8:x:mail

/sbin/nologin:uucp:14:10:x:uucp

方法四

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]# awk -F '[:]' '{a=$1;$1=$NF;$NF=a;print}'passwd.txt

/bin/bash x 0 0 root /root root

/sbin/nologin x 1 1 bin /bin bin

/sbin/nologin x 2 2 daemon /sbin daemon

/sbin/nologin x 3 4 adm /var/adm adm

/sbin/nologin x 4 7 lp /var/spool/lpd lp

/bin/sync x 5 0 sync /sbin sync

/sbin/shutdown x 6 0 shutdown /sbin shutdown

/sbin/halt x 7 0 halt /sbin halt

/sbin/nologin x 8 12 mail /var/spool/mail mail

/sbin/nologin x 10 14 uucp /var/spool/uucp uucp

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]# awk -F '[:]' '{a=$1;$1=$NF;$NF=a;print}'passwd.txt|tr " " ":"

/bin/bash:x:0:0:root:/root:root

/sbin/nologin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:bin

/sbin/nologin:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:daemon

/sbin/nologin:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:adm

/sbin/nologin:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:lp

/bin/sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:sync

/sbin/shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:shutdown

/sbin/halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:halt

/sbin/nologin:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:mail

/sbin/nologin:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:uucp

方法五

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]# sed -r 's#(^.*)(:.*:)(.*$)#\3#g' passwd.txt

/bin/bash

/sbin/nologin

/sbin/nologin

/sbin/nologin

/sbin/nologin

/bin/sync

/sbin/shutdown

/sbin/halt

/sbin/nologin

/sbin/nologin

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]# sed -r 's#(^.*)(:.*:)(.*$)#\1#g' passwd.txt

root:x:0:0:root

bin:x:1:1:bin

daemon:x:2:2:daemon

adm:x:3:4:adm

lp:x:4:7:lp

sync:x:5:0:sync

shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown

halt:x:7:0:halt

mail:x:8:12:mail

uucp:x:10:14:uucp

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]# sed -r 's#(^.*)(:x.*:)(.*$)#\1#g' passwd.txt

root

bin

daemon

adm

lp

sync

shutdown

halt

mail

uucp

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]# sed -r 's#(^.*)(:x.*:)(.*$)#\2#g' passwd.txt

:x:0:0:root:/root:

:x:1:1:bin:/bin:

:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:

:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:

:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:

:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:

:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:

:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:

:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:

:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]# sed -r 's#(^.*)(:x.*:)(.*$)#\3\2\1#g'passwd.txt

/bin/bash:x:0:0:root:/root:root

/sbin/nologin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:bin

/sbin/nologin:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:daemon

/sbin/nologin:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:adm

/sbin/nologin:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:lp

/bin/sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:sync

/sbin/shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:shutdown

/sbin/halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:halt

/sbin/nologin:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:mail

/sbin/nologin:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:uucp

方法六

/sbin/nologin:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:uucp

[root@oldboyedu-39 ~]# awk -F '[:]' '{print $NF":"$5":"$4":"$3":"$2":"$1}' passwd.txt

/bin/bash:root:0:0:x:root

/sbin/nologin:bin:1:1:x:bin

/sbin/nologin:daemon:2:2:x:daemon

/sbin/nologin:adm:4:3:x:adm

/sbin/nologin:lp:7:4:x:lp

/bin/sync:sync:0:5:x:sync

/sbin/shutdown:shutdown:0:6:x:shutdown

/sbin/halt:halt:0:7:x:halt

/sbin/nologin:mail:12:8:x:mail

/sbin/nologin:uucp:14:10:x:uucp