cygwin nginx php mysql_How to install Nginx, PHP, PHP-FPM and MySQL under Windows with Cygwin...

Are you using Nginx, PHP, PHP-FPM and

MySQL on your Linux servers? Are you totally in love with this

setup? I do! But, as a Web developer, I also need a local Web

server on my Windows machine for testing. So far, I've always been

using the standard "WAMP" setup: Windows, Apache, MySQL, PHP. Why

couldn't I run Nginx and PHP-FPM on my Windows machine as well?

Today, I will teach you how to achieve it so you can really say

goodbye to Apache!

This post covers the installation and configuration of the

following products:

- MySQL Win32 (server and client)

- Cygwin

- Nginx under Cygwin

- MySQL (client only) under Cygwin

- PHP and PHP-FPM under Cygwin

IMPORTANT NOTES

- This post was tested on Windows XP Pro SP3. I have no idea if it

will work with Windows Vista.

- This post assumes that you are logged on to your Windows machine

as the "Administrator" user. Always replace "Administrator" by your

actual Windows username.

- This post assumes that you install MySQL Win32 (server and

client) in c:\mysql. You can install it where you want, simply

replace c:\mysql by your actual installation path.

- This post assumes that you install Cygwin in c:\cygwin. You can

install it where you want, simply replace c:\cygwin by your actual

installation path.

- To extract ".tar.gz" files under Windows, you can use WinRAR.

- If you're going to install this setup, PLEASE read this post

COMPLETELY before installing!

Table of contents

1 - Getting the needed files

2 - Installing MySQL Win32 (server and client)

3 - Installing Cygwin

4 - Installing Nginx under Cygwin

5 - Installing MySQL (client only) under Cygwin

6 - Installing PHP and PHP-FPM under Cygwin

7 - Creating Windows services

8 - Using your new installation

Conclusion

Resources

Annex 1 - Simple benchmark

1 - Getting the needed files

Download these files to your Windows machine:

http://www.cygwin.com/setup.exe

http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/M.../mysql_mirror/

http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.6.32.tar.gz

http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/M.../mysql_mirror/

http://php-fpm.anight.org/downloads/...-0.5.9.diff.gz

http://us3.php.net/get/php-5.2.6.tar...om/this/mirror

http://www.sra.co.jp/people/m-kasahr...o-1.6.3.tar.gz

If the PHP-FPM link isn't working, go here:

http://php-fpm.anight.org/download.html

And download the latest version of PHP-FPM for PHP 5.2.6.

2 - Installing MySQL Win32 (server and

client)

First of all, unpack mysql-noinstall-5.0.67-win32.zip in c:\ and

rename the mysql-5.0.67-win32 folder to mysql.

Then, create the c:\my.cnf file with the following lines:

c:\my.cnf:

[mysqld]

basedir=c:/mysql

datadir=c:/mysql/data

Now, open a Command Prompt window (Start, Run, "cmd" - or Win+R,

"cmd") and type:

REM " Change to the MySQL bin

directory

cd c:\mysql\bin

REM " Install the MySQL service

mysqld-nt --install

REM " Start MySQL

net start mysql

MySQL is now running. It's a good idea to change the root password.

In your Command Prompt Windows, type:

REM " Change the MySQL root password

mysqladmin -u root password pass

By default, the MySQL service will start with Windows. You can

change this behavior in Control Panel, Administrative Tools,

Services.

3 - Installing Cygwin

Run setup.exe and hit "Next" 6 times (you want "Install from

Internet", choose the mirror of your choice). You will arrive at a

huge list of packages to choose from. Tip: you can maximize

that window.

To select a package, click in the "New" column (it cycles through

Skip, Keep, Uninstall, etc.). When a version number is displayed,

it will be installed.

Select these additional packages (dependencies for these packages

will be automatically selected):

Admin/cygrunsrv

Devel/autoconf

Devel/automake

Devel/bison

Devel/curl-devel

Devel/flex

Devel/gcc

Devel/libiconv

Devel/libmcrypt-devel

Devel/libtool

Devel/libxml2

Devel/libxml2-devel

Devel/make

Devel/patchutils

Devel/pcre

Devel/pcre-devel

Editors/vim

Libs/jpeg

Libs/libmcrypt

Then hit "Next" to install. Tip: you can run setup.exe

anytime to add or remove packages.

NOTE: these packages are those I needed for my own Nginx,

MySQL and PHP ./configure's options. If your ./configure's options

differ from mine, you may need to select additional packages or

your ./configure's will fail for missing dependencies.

--

Now that Cygwin is installed, run c:\cygwin\Cygwin.bat to get a

shell Window. Your home directory (c:\cygwin\home\Administrator) will be created and prepared.

Copy the following files in c:\cygwin\home\Administrator:

nginx-0.6.32.tar.gz

mysql-5.0.67.tar.gz

php-5.2.6.tar.gz

php-5.2.6-fpm-0.5.8.diff.gz

getaddrinfo-1.6.3.tar.gz

4 - Installing Nginx under Cygwin

Open Cygwin and extract nginx-0.6.32.tar.gz:

cd

tar xvfz nginx-0.6.32.tar.gz

cd nginx-0.6.32

Now, configure Nginx:

./configure --with-http_ssl_module

--without-mail_pop3_module --without-mail_imap_module

--without-mail_smtp_module

And finally, compile and install Nginx:

make

make install

--

Now we will prepare our "www" directory:

mkdir /www

As well as our Nginx configuration:

/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:

worker_processes 5;

events {

worker_connections 64; # VERY important. Do not leave 1024 there.

}

http {

include mime.types;

default_type application/octet-stream;

sendfile on;

keepalive_timeout 65;

server {

listen 80;

server_name localhost;

location / {

root /www;

index index.php index.html;

}

location ~ \.php$ {

root /www;

fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;

fastcgi_index index.php;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

include fastcgi_params;

}

}

}

You may adjust this configuration file to suit your needs.

5 - Installing MySQL (client only) under

Cygwin

We install the MySQL client only to be able to compile PHP with

MySQL support.

Open Cygwin and extract mysql-5.0.67.tar.gz:

cd

tar xvfz mysql-5.0.67.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.0.67

Now, configure MySQL:

./configure

--without-server

And finally, compile and install MySQL:

make

make install

6 - Installing PHP and PHP-FPM under

Cygwin

Open Cygwin and extract php-5.2.6.tar.gz:

cd

tar xvfz php-5.2.6.tar.gz

Then, patch PHP with PHP-FPM:

gzip -cd php-5.2.6-fpm-0.5.7.diff.gz |

patch -d php-5.2.6 -p1

Under Linux, you would be ready to configure, make and install PHP,

but under Cygwin, there's a little fix to apply...

Applying the getaddrinfo fix

When I first tried to compile PHP with PHP-FPM under Cygwin, I ran

into troubles with getaddrinfo. I tried to fix it myself but I only

found 50% of the solution. So I contacted Andrei Nigmatulin, the

creator of PHP-FPM, and he helped me with this problem. Here's what

you need to do:

cd

tar xvfz getaddrinfo-1.6.3.tar.gz

cp getaddrinfo/getaddrinfo.c getaddrinfo/getaddrinfo.h

php-5.2.6/sapi/cgi/fpm

Then, edit php-5.2.6/sapi/cgi/fpm/fpm_sockets.c and add the

following line after the other includes:

php-5.2.6/sapi/cgi/fpm/fpm_sockets.c:

#include

"getaddrinfo.h"

Then, you need to add "getaddrinfo.c" to the FPM_SOURCES variable

in php-5.2.6/sapi/cgi/fpm/config.m4:

php-5.2.6/sapi/cgi/fpm/config.m4:

FPM_SOURCES="fpm.c \

fpm_conf.c \

fpm_signals.c \

fpm_children.c \

fpm_worker_pool.c \

fpm_unix.c \

fpm_cleanup.c \

fpm_sockets.c \

fpm_stdio.c \

fpm_env.c \

fpm_events.c \

fpm_php.c \

fpm_process_ctl.c \

fpm_shm.c \

getaddrinfo.c \

xml_config.c \

zlog.c"

Then, you have to rebuild the PHP Makefile:

cd php-5.2.6

./buildconf --force

--

We are now ready to configure PHP:

./configure --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm

--with-mcrypt --with-zlib --enable-mbstring --with-openssl

--with-mysql --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --enable-gd-native-ttf

--without-sqlite --disable-pdo --disable-reflection --with-curl

--with-iconv

Then, make and install PHP:

make all install

And finally, install the default php.ini file:

cp php.ini-recommended

/usr/local/lib/php.ini

You can edit /usr/local/lib/php.ini to suit your needs.

You can also edit /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf if you need.

7 - Creating Windows services

The Cygwin application "cygrunsrv" allows you to create Windows

services. We definitely want to do this for Nginx and PHP.

First of all, in Cygwin, let's create the services scripts:

/home/Administrator/php.sh:

#!/bin/sh

function handleQuit

{

echo "STOPPING"

su Administrator -c

"/usr/local/sbin/php-fpm stop"

exit

}

echo "STARTING"

su Administrator -c

"/usr/local/sbin/php-fpm start"

trap "handleQuit" SIGQUIT

echo "WAITING"

while true

do

sleep 1

done

/home/Administrator/nginx.sh:

#!/bin/sh

function handleQuit

{

echo "STOPPING"

su Administrator -c "kill -QUIT $(cat

/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid)"

exit

}

echo "STARTING"

su Administrator -c

"/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

trap "handleQuit" SIGQUIT

echo "WAITING"

while true

do

sleep 1

done

Then, under Windows, use the following batch file to create the

services:

cywgin_install_services.bat:

@echo off

echo.

cd c:\cygwin\bin

echo Stopping services...

net stop php

net stop nginx

echo Removing services...

cygrunsrv -R php

cygrunsrv -R nginx

echo Installing services...

cygrunsrv --install php --path /home/Administrator/php.sh --desc "PHP-FPM" -t auto

--termsig QUIT --shutdown

cygrunsrv --install nginx --path /home/Administrator/nginx.sh --desc "Nginx" -t auto

--termsig QUIT --shutdown

echo These services are now installed:

echo.

cygrunsrv -L

echo.

pause

Voila! Our Windows services are created! But... how does it

work?

Let's examine the creation of a service, with some

comments...

cygrunsrv

# Name of the service

--install php

# Path of the file to execute

--path /home/Administrator/php.sh

# Description of the service

--desc "PHP-FPM"

# Startup type (auto or manual)

-t auto

# Signal to send to the service when stopping it

--termsig QUIT

# Stop the service when shutdowning Windows

--shutdown

When /home/Administrator/php.sh is invoked

by Windows to start the service, we start PHP-FPM as Administrator (because we don't want to run as

SYSTEM). Then, we order the script to trap QUIT and to execute the

handleQuit() function when it gets one. Then, we wait for something

to happen with an infinite while/sleep loop. When a QUIT signal is

caught (Windows wants to stop the service), the handleQuit()

function is executed: PHP-FPM is stopped, and the script

exits.

8 - Using your new installation

To start/stop MySQL on your Windows machine, use the following

commands:

REM " Start MySQL

net start mysql

REM " Stop MySQL

net stop mysql

To start/stop PHP on your Windows machine, use the following

commands:

REM " Start PHP

net start php

REM " Stop PHP

net stop php

To start/stop Nginx on your Windows machine, use the following

commands:

REM " Start Nginx

net start nginx

REM " Stop Nginx

net stop nginx

So if you start MySQL, Nginx and PHP, and that you create this

file...

/www/index.php:

print

"Hello world!";

...then you should be able to point http://locahost with your Web brower and see

"Hello world!".

--

VERY important note about PHP and mysql_connect

Don't do this:

mysql_connect("localhost","root","pass");

It won't work because then PHP wants to use the mysql.sock file

(/tmp/mysql.sock or /var/run/mysql.sock) and this file doesn't work

under Cygwin.

So instead, do this:

mysql_connect("127.0.0.1","root","pass");

By using the IP address, PHP will connect to MySQL using TCP

networking. So far, it's the only limitation I've found with this

setup.

Conclusion

That's it! You did it! You've just replaced your old WAMP setup by

a faster Nginx+PHP+PHP-FPM (WNMP?) setup! I ran a pretty simple

benchmark (see Annex 1 below) with both setups and, on my machine,

my new WNMP setup is around 33% faster than my old WAMP

setup!

Thanks for reading... all comments are welcome!

Resources

Nginx Web site

http://nginx.net/

Nginx English Wiki

http://wiki.codemongers.com/Main

http://wiki.codemongers.com/NginxCommandLine

And thanks to Andrei Nigmatulin, the creator of PHP-FPM, for his

help.

Annex 1 - Simple benchmark

I ran a very simple benchmark on my 2 setups:

- connect to MySQL

- flush test table

- start timer

- insert 10,000 records in test table

- select the 10,000 records from test table

- display each record

- close connection to MySQL

- display timer

The average time for Nginx was 2 seconds while Apache had an

average of 3.1 seconds.

If you use this script, don't forget to adjust the root password

for mysql_connect! And don't run the test on both setups at the

same time because they share the same test table.

SQL:

CREATE DATABASE test;

USE test;

CREATE TABLE test (

pk bigint auto_increment,

a varchar(50),

b varchar(50),

c varchar(50),

d varchar(50),

primary key(pk)

);

index.php:

// Debug

function function

debug($d)

{

print "

".print_r($d,true)."

";

} // Include the timer class file

require_once("timer.php"); // Connect to the database

mysql_connect("127.0.0.1","root","pass"); // Use the test database mysql_select_db("test"); // Remove everything from the test

table mysql_query("delete from

test;"); // OK we're ready to begin the test, start the

timer $timer

= new Timer(); // Insert 10,000 records in the test

table for (

$i = 1;

$i <= 10000;

$i++ )

{ mysql_query("insert into

test (a,b,c,d) values ('a','b','c','d');");

} // Fetch these 10,000 records

$res = mysql_query("select *

from test;"); // Display these 10,000 records

while ( $row =

mysql_fetch_object($res) )

{ debug($row);

} // We're done, close the MySQL

connection mysql_close(); // Display the time print "

---

";

print $timer->fetch();

timer.php:

class

Timer {

var $s;

function Timer() { $this->s =

$this->getmicrotime();

}

function fetch($decimalPlaces = 3) {

return round(($this->getmicrotime()

- $this->s),

$decimalPlaces);

}

function getmicrotime() {

list($usec,

$sec) = explode("

", microtime());

return

((float)$usec

+ (float)$sec);

}

}