oc php 对称加密,Linux下使用OpenSSL实现RSA非对称加密

简单定义:公钥和私钥,加密和解密使用的是两个不同的密钥,所以是非对称。

系统:Ubuntu 14.04

软件:openssl java php

生成公钥私钥

使用命令生成私钥:

openssl genrsa -out rsa_private_key.pem 1024

参数:genrsa 生成密钥  -out 输出到文件  rsa_private_key.pem 文件名  1024 长度

从私钥中提取公钥:

openssl rsa -in rsa_private_key.pem -pubout -out rsa_public_key.pem

参数: rsa 提取公钥  -in 从文件中读入  rsa_private_key.pem 文件名  -pubout  输出  -out 到文件  rsa_public_key.pem  文件名

shell加解密

新建一个readme.txt 内容是taoshihan

使用公钥加密:

openssl rsautl -encrypt -in readme.txt -inkey rsa_public_key.pem -pubin -out hello.en

参数: rsautl 加解密  -encrypt 加密  -in 从文件输入  readme.txt 文件名  -inkey  输入的密钥  rsa_public_key.pem  上一步生成的公钥  -pubin 表名输入是公钥文件  -out输出到文件  hello.en 输出文件名

使用私钥解密:

openssl rsautl -decrypt -in hello.en -inkey rsa_private_key.pem -out hello.de

参数: -decrypt 解密  -in 从文件输入 hello.en 上一步生成的加密文件  -inkey 输入的密钥 rsa_private_key.pem 上一步生成的私钥  -out输出到文件  hello.de 输出的文件名

cat hello.de // taoshihan

php加解密

$profile="taoshihan";

echo "加密前:{$profile}\n";

//公钥加密

$public_key=file_get_contents("rsa_public_key.pem");

$pub_key = openssl_pkey_get_public($public_key);

openssl_public_encrypt($profile,$encrypted,$pub_key);

$encrypted=base64_encode($encrypted);//因为加密后是乱码,所以base64一下

echo "加密后:\n";

echo $encrypted."\n";

//私钥解密

$private_key=file_get_contents("rsa_private_key.pem");

$pi_key =  openssl_pkey_get_private($private_key);

openssl_private_decrypt(base64_decode($encrypted),$decrypted,$pi_key);

echo "解密后:\n";

echo $decrypted."\n";

新建rsa.php的文件

执行后结果:

加密前:taoshihan

加密后:

ShjsdlTceurVfO0ocENqHGl9RXrQRm3vuprqchhuVOdX1ldJC2O2sIvjjpQfPWOkF1WA+tqdyIl9YJQ0/2DqAp4zaqI1TCNsXduGn2iUZQ88g7B5eSI7r/iWKcX527pLe95EBvFMw/D65tlYscI5RClcp3KrOw2fqDQZ3D3nKAI=

解密后:

taoshihan

java加解密:

准备jar包 bcprov-ext-jdk15on-156.jar

文件到Linux公社资源站下载：

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具体下载目录在 /2017年资料/1月/22日/Linux下使用OpenSSL实现RSA非对称加密/

------------------------------------------分割线------------------------------------------

RSAEncrypt.java 文件

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.security.InvalidKeyException;

import java.security.KeyFactory;

import java.security.KeyPair;

import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;

import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

import java.security.SecureRandom;

import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;

import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;

import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;

import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;

import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;

import java.security.KeyFactory;

import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;

import java.security.spec.RSAPrivateKeySpec;

import org.bouncycastle.asn1.ASN1Sequence;

import org.bouncycastle.asn1.pkcs.RSAPrivateKeyStructure;

import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;

import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;

import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;

import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;

import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;

public class RSAEncrypt {

/**

* 私钥

*/

private RSAPrivateKey privateKey;

/**

* 公钥

*/

private RSAPublicKey publicKey;

/**

* 字节数据转字符串专用集合

*/

private static final char[] HEX_CHAR= {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};

/**

* 获取私钥

* @return 当前的私钥对象

*/

public RSAPrivateKey getPrivateKey() {

return privateKey;

}

/**

* 获取公钥

* @return 当前的公钥对象

*/

public RSAPublicKey getPublicKey() {

return publicKey;

}

/**

* 随机生成密钥对

*/

public void genKeyPair(){

KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen= null;

try {

keyPairGen= KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

keyPairGen.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());

KeyPair keyPair= keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();

this.privateKey= (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();

this.publicKey= (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();

}

/**

* 从文件中输入流中加载公钥

* @param in 公钥输入流

* @throws Exception 加载公钥时产生的异常

*/

public void loadPublicKey(InputStream in) throws Exception{

try {

BufferedReader br= new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));

String readLine= null;

StringBuilder sb= new StringBuilder();

while((readLine= br.readLine())!=null){

if(readLine.charAt(0)=='-'){

continue;

}else{

sb.append(readLine);

sb.append('\r');

}

}

loadPublicKey(sb.toString());

} catch (IOException e) {

throw new Exception("公钥数据流读取错误");

} catch (NullPointerException e) {

throw new Exception("公钥输入流为空");

}

}

/**

* 从字符串中加载公钥

* @param publicKeyStr 公钥数据字符串

* @throws Exception 加载公钥时产生的异常

*/

public void loadPublicKey(String publicKeyStr) throws Exception{

try {

BASE64Decoder base64Decoder= new BASE64Decoder();

byte[] buffer= base64Decoder.decodeBuffer(publicKeyStr);

KeyFactory keyFactory= KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec= new X509EncodedKeySpec(buffer);

this.publicKey= (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

throw new Exception("无此算法");

} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {

throw new Exception("公钥非法");

} catch (IOException e) {

throw new Exception("公钥数据内容读取错误");

} catch (NullPointerException e) {

throw new Exception("公钥数据为空");

}

}

/**

* 从文件中加载私钥

* @param keyFileName 私钥文件名

* @return 是否成功

* @throws Exception

*/

public void loadPrivateKey(InputStream in) throws Exception{

try {

BufferedReader br= new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));

String readLine= null;

StringBuilder sb= new StringBuilder();

while((readLine= br.readLine())!=null){

if(readLine.charAt(0)=='-'){

continue;

}else{

sb.append(readLine);

sb.append('\r');

}

}

loadPrivateKey(sb.toString());

} catch (IOException e) {

throw new Exception("私钥数据读取错误");

} catch (NullPointerException e) {

throw new Exception("私钥输入流为空");

}

}

public void loadPrivateKey(String privateKeyStr) throws Exception{

try {

BASE64Decoder base64Decoder= new BASE64Decoder();

byte[] buffer= base64Decoder.decodeBuffer(privateKeyStr);

RSAPrivateKeyStructure asn1PrivKey = new RSAPrivateKeyStructure((ASN1Sequence) ASN1Sequence.fromByteArray(buffer));

RSAPrivateKeySpec rsaPrivKeySpec = new RSAPrivateKeySpec(asn1PrivKey.getModulus(), asn1PrivKey.getPrivateExponent());

KeyFactory keyFactory= KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

RSAPrivateKey  priKey=(RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(rsaPrivKeySpec);

this.privateKey=priKey;

// PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec= new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(buffer);

// KeyFactory keyFactory= KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");

//this.privateKey= (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

throw new Exception("无此算法");

} catch (InvalidKeySpecException e) {

throw new Exception("私钥非法");

} catch (IOException e) {

throw new Exception("私钥数据内容读取错误");

} catch (NullPointerException e) {

throw new Exception("私钥数据为空");

}

}

/**

* 加密过程

* @param publicKey 公钥

* @param plainTextData 明文数据

* @return

* @throws Exception 加密过程中的异常信息

*/

public byte[] encrypt(RSAPublicKey publicKey, byte[] plainTextData) throws Exception{

if(publicKey== null){

throw new Exception("加密公钥为空, 请设置");

}

Cipher cipher= null;

try {

cipher= Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding", new BouncyCastleProvider());

cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);

byte[] output= cipher.doFinal(plainTextData);

return output;

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

throw new Exception("无此加密算法");

} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

return null;

}catch (InvalidKeyException e) {

throw new Exception("加密公钥非法,请检查");

} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {

throw new Exception("明文长度非法");

} catch (BadPaddingException e) {

throw new Exception("明文数据已损坏");

}

}

/**

* 解密过程

* @param privateKey 私钥

* @param cipherData 密文数据

* @return 明文

* @throws Exception 解密过程中的异常信息

*/

public byte[] decrypt(RSAPrivateKey privateKey, byte[] cipherData) throws Exception{

if (privateKey== null){

throw new Exception("解密私钥为空, 请设置");

}

Cipher cipher= null;

try {

cipher= Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding", new BouncyCastleProvider());

cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);

byte[] output= cipher.doFinal(cipherData);

return output;

} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {

throw new Exception("无此解密算法");

} catch (NoSuchPaddingException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

return null;

}catch (InvalidKeyException e) {

throw new Exception("解密私钥非法,请检查");

} catch (IllegalBlockSizeException e) {

throw new Exception("密文长度非法");

} catch (BadPaddingException e) {

throw new Exception("密文数据已损坏");

}

}

/**

* 字节数据转十六进制字符串

* @param data 输入数据

* @return 十六进制内容

*/

public static String byteArrayToString(byte[] data){

StringBuilder stringBuilder= new StringBuilder();

for (int i=0; i

//取出字节的高四位 作为索引得到相应的十六进制标识符 注意无符号右移

stringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0xf0)>>> 4]);

//取出字节的低四位 作为索引得到相应的十六进制标识符

stringBuilder.append(HEX_CHAR[(data[i] & 0x0f)]);

if (i

stringBuilder.append(' ');

}

}

return stringBuilder.toString();

}

public static void main(String[] args){

RSAEncrypt rsaEncrypt= new RSAEncrypt();

//加载公钥

try {

rsaEncrypt.loadPublicKey(new FileInputStream("rsa_public_key.pem"));

System.out.println("加载公钥成功");

} catch (Exception e) {

System.err.println(e.getMessage());

System.err.println("加载公钥失败");

}

//加载私钥

try {

rsaEncrypt.loadPrivateKey(new FileInputStream("rsa_private_key.pem"));

System.out.println("加载私钥成功");

} catch (Exception e) {

System.err.println(e.getMessage());

System.err.println("加载私钥失败");

}

//测试字符串

String encryptStr= "taoshihan";

System.out.println("加密前:");

System.out.println(encryptStr);

try {

//加密

byte[] cipher = rsaEncrypt.encrypt(rsaEncrypt.getPublicKey(), encryptStr.getBytes());

//解密

byte[] plainText = rsaEncrypt.decrypt(rsaEncrypt.getPrivateKey(), cipher);

BASE64Encoder encode = new BASE64Encoder();

String buffer= encode.encode(cipher);

System.out.println("加密后:");

System.out.println(new String(buffer));

System.out.println("解密后:");

System.out.println(new String(plainText));

} catch (Exception e) {

System.err.println(e.getMessage());

}

}

}

带包编译和执行

javac -cp bcprov-ext-jdk15on-156.jar RSAEncrypt.java

java -cp .:bcprov-ext-jdk15on-156.jar RSAEncrypt

执行结果:

加载公钥成功

加载私钥成功

加密前:

taoshihan

加密后:

Tt1p5XnamZkkVjGn1cVgEIb7U+CP27Xw93JQQUZyc2Up/rJL4Mx+dA8mxkva1a/I64sUTb7QD//8

gbss4bZY/DHrLityTt2/QjjQUFYD5/Aa1m1QKUBulWY4/C5so5dm6wrRnjolsIFUbY+RfH4B6hp1

taQGBRDum/xEX6OsJ9I=

解密后:

taoshihan

shell使用公钥加密,php使用私钥解密

shell:

openssl rsautl -encrypt -in readme.txt -inkey rsa_public_key.pem -pubin|base64

加密后的字符串

lNJ50ODiofcp+adrtAI943HOsjdDTg3UMfUkt0NI7DhUjxCM+NAlBH08WVQRtYK9W8ZoQOta3QH6

PzmJT4WsI0yfNGiUWYgoYgSOtPURSQMbaCt3DM2Y5mEKqzbKLrhN+S+9Jrtmef1VuBUes8wN6rOD

UHxI+vDwQ+utRJRRo9U=

php:

$encrypted="lNJ50ODiofcp+adrtAI943HOsjdDTg3UMfUkt0NI7DhUjxCM+NAlBH08WVQRtYK9W8ZoQOta3QH6

PzmJT4WsI0yfNGiUWYgoYgSOtPURSQMbaCt3DM2Y5mEKqzbKLrhN+S+9Jrtmef1VuBUes8wN6rOD

UHxI+vDwQ+utRJRRo9U=";

echo $encrypted."\n";

//私钥解密

$private_key=file_get_contents("rsa_private_key.pem");

$pi_key =  openssl_pkey_get_private($private_key);

openssl_private_decrypt(base64_decode($encrypted),$decrypted,$pi_key);

echo "解密后:\n";

echo $decrypted."\n";

执行结果:

lNJ50ODiofcp+adrtAI943HOsjdDTg3UMfUkt0NI7DhUjxCM+NAlBH08WVQRtYK9W8ZoQOta3QH6

PzmJT4WsI0yfNGiUWYgoYgSOtPURSQMbaCt3DM2Y5mEKqzbKLrhN+S+9Jrtmef1VuBUes8wN6rOD

UHxI+vDwQ+utRJRRo9U=

解密后:

taoshihan

java使用公钥加密,php解密:

拿上一步java生成的加密后字符串

$encrypted="Tt1p5XnamZkkVjGn1cVgEIb7U+CP27Xw93JQQUZyc2Up/rJL4Mx+dA8mxkva1a/I64sUTb7QD//8

gbss4bZY/DHrLityTt2/QjjQUFYD5/Aa1m1QKUBulWY4/C5so5dm6wrRnjolsIFUbY+RfH4B6hp1

taQGBRDum/xEX6OsJ9I=";

echo $encrypted."\n";

//私钥解密

$private_key=file_get_contents("rsa_private_key.pem");

$pi_key =  openssl_pkey_get_private($private_key);

openssl_private_decrypt(base64_decode($encrypted),$decrypted,$pi_key);

echo "解密后:\n";

echo $decrypted."\n";

执行结果:

Tt1p5XnamZkkVjGn1cVgEIb7U+CP27Xw93JQQUZyc2Up/rJL4Mx+dA8mxkva1a/I64sUTb7QD//8

gbss4bZY/DHrLityTt2/QjjQUFYD5/Aa1m1QKUBulWY4/C5so5dm6wrRnjolsIFUbY+RfH4B6hp1

taQGBRDum/xEX6OsJ9I=

解密后:

taoshihan

更多OpenSSL相关内容可以查看以下的有用链接：

OpenSSL 的详细介绍：请点这里OpenSSL 的下载地址：请点这里