皖西学院计算机网络课程,【计算机网络课程课件@中科大】2-2The Physical Layer Part 2.pdf...

COMPUTER NETWORKS

Chapter 02

The Physical Layer Part 2

Shoubao Yang

Tel: 3601540

syang@

1/~syang

September 2006

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2.5 The Public Switched Telephone

Network (PSTN)

2.5.1 Structure of the Telephone System

Local Loop, Trunks, Switching Office

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Major Components of the

Telephone System

• Local loops

 Analog twisted pairs going to houses and

businesses

• Trunks

 Digital fiber optics connecting the switching

offices

• Switching offices

 Where calls are moved from one trunk to

another

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2.5.3 The Local Loop: Modems, ADSL,

Wireless

The use of both analog and digital transmissions for a computer

to computer call. Conversion is done by the modems

(modulator and demodulator) and codecs (coder and decoder).

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Modem: Modulator and Demodulator

 Modulation Techniques

Problem: How can we encode our signals when we

can effectively use only a single frequency (or better:

small frequency range)?

Answer: Apply modulation techniques

 Baseband(DC) signaling is unsuitable to be

transmitted along a narrow band channel(e.g. a

telephone line) due to attenuation, delay

distortion, and noise.

 Modem is introduced to convert baseband (DC)

signal into analog signal(AC) to be transmitted

along a telephone line, convert analog signal