linux 生成sha512密码,Linux之一句话shell生成随机密码和生成shadow格式用的密码

摘要

有时候为了生成一个随机密码，确实很头疼的。这里做下汇总

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# cat /dev/urandom | awk 'NR==1{print $0|"md5sum|base64|grep -Eo '^.{16}'";exit}'

YWFhMzA4MmQ4YjBk

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# < /dev/urandom awk 'NR==1{print $0|"md5sum|base64|grep -Eo '^.{16}'";exit}'

ODc1ZTQzYTNkYjQ1

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# od -N8 -tx8 /dev/random | awk 'NR==1{print $NF}'

9404172875d9c080

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# cat /dev/urandom | awk 'NR==1{print $0|"md5sum|head -c 16";exit}';echo

dc836360f4ce5c02

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# echo "$(date +%s)"|sha256sum|base64|head -c 16;echo

YmQzNmRhNDYwNTYx

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# mkpasswd -l 16 -d 5 -C 5

E5s{2g7yQM7NHgf5

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# < /dev/urandom tr -dc A-Z-a-z-0-9 | head -c${1:-16};echo;

XLGoh2gLkvZTn1o9

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# openssl rand -hex 8

f43a35be7dc0122b

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# dd if=/dev/urandom bs=1 count=32 2>/dev/null |base64|head -c16;echo

kuH3aB5lcPP4IPAp

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]#

生成Linux系统上shadow文件格式的密码

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# perl -e 'print crypt("password","\$6\$salt\$") . "\n"'

$6$salt$IxDD3jeSOb5eB1CX5LBsqZFVkJdido3OUILO5Ifz5iwMuTS4XMS130MTSuDDl3aCI6WouIL9AjRbLCelDCy.g.

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# python -c "import crypt, getpass, pwd;print crypt.crypt('password', '\$6\$saltsalt\$')"

$6$saltsalt$qFmFH.bQmmtXzyBY0s9v7Oicd2z4XSIecDzlB5KiA2/jctKu9YterLp8wwnSq.qc.eoxqOmSuNp2xS0ktL3nh/

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# python -c "import crypt, getpass, pwd; print crypt.crypt(raw_input(), '\$6\$' + raw_input() + '\$')"

lookback

saltsalt

$6$saltsalt$a0J/T8m/LXCZ3GWU2k8doYlZYN63LQj7MJnPST15U/v.RpsP5vnt0qtkByqSO/fVa0Qby6BDIi.J94pt3RmKz.

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]# python -c "import crypt, getpass;print crypt.crypt('password')" #上面都是指定salt的，这个就是随机加盐的

$6$hppfi2m5kPwuxG.e$c8IWMJKk6qo8NSdV6sMghnSPolow7ngvQoKlMw6bH/BYogWmExsnxCMVSkVNJdn3jPhQPF/s7t5KkDFiJ3IjU0

[root@Linode-JP-35 ~]#

上述方法在MAC系统上是不行的，下面的方法才可以

[lookback@lookbackdeMacBook-Pro ~]$ pip install passlib

[lookback@lookbackdeMacBook-Pro ~]$ python -c "from passlib.hash import sha512_crypt; print (sha512_crypt.encrypt('lookback', rounds=5000))"

$6$I63m/Yu0.SRhuR./$1w.LfbsMczJQfJt9xukv054kC74XOsram8f.aAgzCVdOgsBV3ew/rqQhlNBXWpNWSZZgH9umFtM2y7/HG9A9o1

[lookback@lookbackdeMacBook-Pro ~]$ Password=$(date +"%s%N"| sha256sum | base64 | head -c 24) && python3 -c "from passlib.hash import sha512_crypt; print(sha512_crypt.encrypt('${Password}', rounds=5000))" && echo $Password

$6$5s0hSb/KwZh5jeIm$XCv24cSN6mIiyKPRyu64kSgok0HisfxCAKAeNaVKcmt8FKmnjLN/R6WTbmp.8S1/NnH27Yv6cnLEFkZbhFUVk1

ODM4NzI5ZGVmY2M5NGU0NTk3