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计算机网络IP协议实验报告2.WithintheIPpacketheader,whatisthevalueintheupperlayerprotocolfield?答:theupperlayerprotocolfieldis1实验结果如下:3.HowmanybytesareintheIPheader?HowmanybytesareinthepayloadoftheIPdatagram?Explainhowyoudeterminedthenumberofpayloadbytes.答:56-20=36就是有效载荷的长度,即此IP数据报的有效载荷为36字节实验结果如下:4.HasthisIPdatagrambeenfragmented?Explainhowyoudeterminedwhetherornotthedatagramhasbeenfragmented.答:没有分片,原因:flag和offset都为0;实验结果如下如:5.puter?答:分析结果之TTL,首部检验和,标识等一直在不断地变化。6.Whichfieldsstayconstant?Whichofthefieldsmuststayconstant?Whichfieldsmustchange?Why?答:分析可知:stayconstant:版本号首部长度,服务类型,标志,偏移,上层协议,目的和源IP地址muststayconstant:必须保持不变的是:版本号源和目的IP地址mustchange:标识,首部检验和7.DescribethepatternyouseeinthevaluesintheIdentificationfieldoftheIPDatagram答:thepatternis:每一个IP数据报头部的标识号域都不一样,每次加一8.WhatisthevalueintheIdentificationfieldandtheTTLfield?答: thevalueintheIdentificationfield:25603theTTLfield:2549.DothesevaluesremainunchangedforalloftheICMPTTL-puterbythenearest(firsthop)router?Why?答:每一个固定的路由器都有一个固定的TTL值,所以最近的那个路由器回复的所有的ICMPTTL-exceeded的TTL的值都不会改变。11.PrintoutthefirstfragmentofthefragmentedIPdatagram.WhatinformationintheIPheaderindicatesthatthedatagrambeenfragmented?WhatinformationintheIPheaderindicateswhetherthisisthefirstfragmentversusalatterfragment?HowlongisthisIPdatagram?答:如截图,数据报大小改为2000后,开始分片。12.PrintoutthesecondfragmentofthefragmentedIPdatagram.Whati
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