一、编译部署Apache2.4.25
1、环境准备#设置或停止防火墙：
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
#关闭selinux：
临时关闭：
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
永久关闭(修改配置文件)：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config
改成SELINUX=disabled
#卸载系统默认安装的Apache软件包：
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa httpd*
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps 包名
有多个httpd*，用脚本删除for name in `rpm -qa httpd*`;do rpm -e --nodeps $name;done
#安装依赖包：
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ zlib-devel expat-devel libxml2-devel libtools openssl openssl-devel wget lrzsz vim lynx -y
如果libxml2-devel没安装会报错https://blog.51cto.com/castiel/2051440
#新建安装包存放目录：
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /root/soft
2、源码安装apr、apr-util、pcre包#安装apr包：
[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/soft
[root@localhost soft]# wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.5.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# tar -zxvf apr-1.6.5.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd apr-1.6.5
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# vi configure
编辑configure配置文件，将这行代码注释掉：
# $RM "$cfgfile"
编译
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# make
[root@localhost apr-1.6.5]# make install
#安装apr-util包：
[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/soft
[root@localhost soft]# wget http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# tar -zxvf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd apr-util-1.6.1
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util/ --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make
[root@localhost apr-util-1.6.1]# make install
#安装pcre包：
[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/soft
[root@localhost soft]# wget https://ftp.pcre.org/pub/pcre/pcre-8.42.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# tar -zxvf pcre-8.42.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd pcre-8.42
[root@localhost pcre-8.42]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre/
[root@localhost pcre-8.42]# make
[root@localhost pcre-8.42]# make install
3、编译安装apache包#安装apache包：
[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/soft
[root@localhost soft]# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.25.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd httpd-2.4.25
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure --help(可以查看编译的参数说明)
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4.25 \
--sysconfdir=/etc/httpd \
--with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--enable-so \
--enable-deflate \
--enable-expires \
--enable-headers \
--enable-ssl \
--enable-cgi \
--enable-proxy \
--enable-proxy-fcgi \
--enable-rewrite \
--enable-mpms-shared=all \
--with-mpm=prefork \
--enable-mods-shared=most \
--enable-dav \
--enable-dav-fs \
--enable-dav-lock
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# make
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# make install
#做软链接(意义非常大)
[root@localhost httpd-2.4.25]# cd /usr/local
[root@localhost local]# ln -s apache2.4.25 apache
[root@localhost local]# cd ~
#检查编译安装情况
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -l
Compiled in modules:
core.c
mod_so.c
http_core.c
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -M
Loaded Modules:
core_module (static)
so_module (static)
http_module (static)
mpm_prefork_module (shared)
authn_file_module (shared)
authn_core_module (shared)
authz_host_module (shared)
authz_groupfile_module (shared)
authz_user_module (shared)
authz_core_module (shared)
access_compat_module (shared)
auth_basic_module (shared)
reqtimeout_module (shared)
filter_module (shared)
mime_module (shared)
log_config_module (shared)
env_module (shared)
headers_module (shared)
setenvif_module (shared)
version_module (shared)
unixd_module (shared)
status_module (shared)
autoindex_module (shared)
dir_module (shared)
alias_module (shared)
4、启动apache并测试[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain for ServerName
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
将这行注释取消掉，并再启动。
# ServerName www.example.com:80
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl start
#开机启动方法：
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/apache2.4.25/bin/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
编辑httpd文件,在#!/bin/sh下面添加以下两句后保存
#chkconfig: 345 70 70
#description: apache
把Apache添加到系统服务并自启：
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add httpd #加入系统服务
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig httpd on #开机自启
这样就可以使用systemctl start|stop|restart httpd 启动|关|重启Apache服务了
#查看80端口验证:
[root@localhost ~]# lsof -i:80
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
httpd 55401 root 4u IPv6 61399 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd 55402 daemon 4u IPv6 61399 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd 55403 daemon 4u IPv6 61399 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
httpd 55404 daemon 4u IPv6 61399 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN)
#查看httpd进程验证:
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep http
root 55401 1 0 16:57 ? 00:00:00 /application/apache2.4.7/bin/httpd -k start
daemon 55402 55401 0 16:57 ? 00:00:00 /application/apache2.4.7/bin/httpd -k start
daemon 55403 55401 0 16:57 ? 00:00:00 /application/apache2.4.7/bin/httpd -k start
daemon 55404 55401 0 16:57 ? 00:00:00 /application/apache2.4.7/bin/httpd -k start
root 55500 17403 0 16:59 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto http
#web方式访问:
http://192.168.146.128
二、安装PHP 7.2.10
yum安装方式：#安装php
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove httpd-tools.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# whereis php
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /usr/lib64/php /etc/php /etc/php.d/ /etc/php.ini /usr/local/php /usr/share/php /usr/local/php
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove php*
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install php72w php72w-cli php72w-common php72w-devel php72w-embedded php72w-fpm php72w-gd php72w-mbstring php72w-mysqlnd php72w-opcache php72w-pdo php72w-xml
#配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/libphp7-zts.so /usr/local/apache2.4.25/modules/
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/libphp7.so /usr/local/apache2.4.25/modules/
#相关启动命令
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status php-fpm
编译安装方式：#新增帐号：
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd www
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www -M www
#安装依赖：
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc autoconf gcc-c++ libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel systemd-devel openjpeg-devel
[root@localhost ~]# yum install autoconf patch m4 bison bzip2-devel pam-devel gmp-devel libicu-devel curl-devel pcre-devel libtool-libs libtool-ltdl-devel libwebp-devel libXpm-devel libvpx-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel oniguruma-devel aspell-devel enchant-devel readline-devel unixODBC-devel libtidy-devel openldap-devel libxslt-devel net-snmp net-snmp-devel
libtoo会生产libphp7.so
#安装php7.2.10：
[root@localhost ~]# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.10.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf php-7.2.10.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd php-7.2.10
[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \
--with-zlib-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--enable-mbstring \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr \
--enable-xmlreader \
--enable-xmlwriter \
--enable-soap \
--enable-calendar \
--with-curl \
--with-zlib \
--with-gd \
--with-pdo-sqlite \
--with-pdo-mysql \
--with-mysqli \
--with-mysql-sock \
--enable-mysqlnd \
--disable-rpath \
--enable-inline-optimization \
--with-bz2 \
--with-zlib \
--enable-sockets \
--enable-sysvsem \
--enable-sysvshm \
--enable-pcntl \
--enable-mbregex \
--enable-exif \
--enable-bcmath \
--with-mhash \
--enable-zip \
--with-pcre-regex \
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr \
--with-png-dir=/usr \
--with-openssl \
--enable-ftp \
--with-kerberos \
--with-gettext \
--with-xmlrpc \
--with-xsl \
--enable-fpm \
--with-fpm-user=www \
--with-fpm-group=www \
--with-fpm-systemd \
--disable-fileinfo \
--disable-phpdbg \
--disable-dtrace \
--enable-opcache
[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# make
[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# make test
[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# make install
#配置文件：
[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# cd /usr/local/php/etc
[root@localhost etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@localhost etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
error_log = /usr/local/php/var/php-fpm.log
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
[root@localhost etc]]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]]# cp www.conf.defaultwww.conf
#管理php-fpm服务:
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]]# cd /root/php-7.2.10
[root@localhost php-7.2.10]# cp ./sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status php-fpm
#添加环境变量:
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile
在末尾追加:
export PATH=$PATH:'/usr/local/php/bin/'
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
#验证版本：
[root@localhost ~]# php -v
PHP 7.2.10 (cli) (built: Jan 21 2019 23:25:27) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
三、配置apaache2.4.25支持php7.2.10
1、配置用户、网站目录、上传网站代码和设置权限新建用户和用户组：
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin gxm
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/www/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/www/
[root@localhost www]# mkdir drupal
[root@localhost www]# chown -R gxm.gxm drupal
2、编辑apache的httpd.conf配置文件#更改httpd.conf配置文件：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/httpd/httpd.conf
ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache2.4.25"
ServerTokens Prod
Listen 7777
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so
#MPM方式改成EVENT
LoadModule mpm_event_module modules/mod_mpm_event.so
#LoadModule mpm_prefork_module modules/mod_mpm_prefork.so
#设置php-fpm方式：
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php(/.*)?)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/opt/www/drupal/$1
User gxm
Group gxm
SetHandler "proxy:fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000"
SetHandler application/x-httpd-php
ServerName 127.0.0.1:7777
DocumentRoot "/opt/www/drupal"
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
AddType application/x-compress .Z
AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
#在上面两行下加下面这三行
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
ExtendedStatus On
Include /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
TraceEnable off
3、编辑http-mpm.conf配置文件[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/httpd/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
相关选项更改成如下：
# prefork MPM
StartServers 50
MinSpareServers 80
MaxSpareServers 256
MaxRequestWorkers 256
MaxConnectionsPerChild 0
# worker MPM
StartServers 5
MinSpareThreads 50
MaxSpareThreads 100
ThreadsPerChild 100
MaxRequestWorkers 10000
MaxConnectionsPerChild 0
ServerLimit 150
# event MPM
ServerLimit 10000
StartServers 6
MinSpareThreads 75
MaxSpareThreads 250
ThreadsPerChild 25
MaxRequestWorkers 4000
MaxConnectionsPerChild 2000
# WinNT MPM
ThreadsPerChild 2000
MaxConnectionsPerChild 20000
4、验证是否是event模式一般默认是worker和perfork模式，但是event针对高并发表现好，不过对SSL支持的不是非常好。
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -V | grep "Server MPM"
Server MPM: event
5、测试apche与PHP结合是否成功
在网站目录下建立一个文index.php的文件，验证php是否正常(下图表示成功)：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /opt/www/drupal/index.php
phpinfo();
?>
[root@localhost ~]# chown gxm.gxm /opt/www/drupal/index.php
四、部署MySQL 5.6.16
1、编译安装MySQL前的准备工作#安装编译源码所需的工具和库
[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel perl autoconf libtool -y
#安装cmake，从http://www.cmake.org下载源码并编译安装
[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/soft
[root@localhost soft]# wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz
如果提示SSL下载不了，就接--no-check-certificate参数
[root@localhost soft]# tar -xzvf cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd cmake-2.8.10.2
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# ./bootstrap
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# make
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# make install
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.10.2]# cd ~
2、设置MySQL用户和组[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
3、新建MySQL所需要的目录新建mysql安装目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql
新建mysql数据库数据文件目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysqldb
4、下载MySQL源码包并解压
[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/soft
[root@localhost soft]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.16.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# tar -zxv -f mysql-5.6.16.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd mysql-5.6.16
从mysql5.5起，mysql源码安装开始使用cmake了，设置源码编译配置脚本。
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.16]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysqldb -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.16]# rm CMakeCache.txt
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.16]# make
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.16]# make install
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.16]# cd ~
5、修改mysql相关目录所有者和组#修改mysql安装目录权限：
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql .
[root@localhost mysql]# cd ~
#修改mysql数据库文件目录权限：
[root@localhost ~]# cd /data/mysqldb
[root@localhost mysqldb]# chown -R mysql:mysql .
[root@localhost mysqldb]# cd ~
6、初始化mysql数据库[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysqldb
7、生成my.cnf配置文件[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
注：如果/etc/my.cnf文件存在，则覆盖。
8、复制mysql服务启动脚本及加入PATH路径[root@localhost ~]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH
export PATH
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# echo $PATH
9、启动mysql服务并加入开机自启动(可选这个步骤，以后可以自己启动的)[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
#填入下面这行
datadir = /data/mysqldb
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysqld on
10、检查mysql服务是否启动[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tulnp | grep 3306
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
密码为空，如果能登陆上，则安装成功。
11、修改MySQL用户root的密码[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
备注：密码为123456
12.测试php连接数据库将网站目录下index.php内容替换成如下，验证数据库是否正常(如下图表示正常)：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /opt/www/drupal/index.php
$mysqli = new mysqli("localhost", "root", "123456");
if(!$mysqli) {
echo"database error";
}else{
echo"php env successful";
}
$mysqli->close();
?>
可能会出现的错误问题：
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
解决：
新建一个链接或在mysql中加入-S参数，直接指出mysql.sock位置。
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -S /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
五、部署测试网站
部署一个网站(CMS)作为测试，国内比较有名的CMS有织梦、phpcms等，国外有worepress、drupal等。这里以drupal 8为例。
1、建立数据库、数据库用户和密码、授权用户权限[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> CREATE DATABASE drupal CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci
mysql> CREATE USER drupal@localhost IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
mysql> GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES ON drupal.* TO 'drupal'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit
2、下载设置网站[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/www/
[root@localhost www]# wget https://ftp.drupal.org/files/projects/drupal-8.6.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost www]# tar -zxvf drupal-8.6.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost www]# rm -f drupal-8.6.1.tar.gz
[root@localhost www]# mv drupal-8.6.1 drupal
[root@localhost www]# chown -R gxm.gxm drupal
3、输入如下地址启动安装程序
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