c语言pow为什么溢出,c – GMP pow中的溢出处理

(我只是GMP-library的间接用户,主要是通过

swi-prolog和

yap.但我对解决这个问题非常感兴趣.)

当使用可笑的大值执行取幂时,主机系统或GMP不再能够适当地处理溢出.我已经与上述系统的开发人员进行了交谈,但他们没有看到一个简单的解决方案.

这个问题是否为其他GMP系统/用户所知？你如何处理这种溢出？

作为一个完整性检查首先测试7 ^ 7 ^ 7的值应该是：375982 … 32343

在32位系统上,例如查询？ – X是13 ^ 1150000000.产生这样的溢出.以下是YAP给出的内容：

GNU gdb (GDB) 7.0-ubuntu

Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation,Inc.

License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later

This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.

There is NO WARRANTY,to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"

and "show warranty" for details.

This GDB was configured as "i486-linux-gnu".

For bug reporting instructions,please see:

...

Reading symbols from /opt/gupu/src/yap-6.3/narch-gupu2/yap...done.

(gdb) run -f

Starting program: /opt/gupu/src/yap-6.3/narch-gupu2/yap -f

YAP 6.3.2 (i686-linux): Sun Nov 11 04:19:37 CET 2012

?- X is 13^1150000000.

Program received signal SIGSEGV,Segmentation fault.

0x001638d8 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgmp.so.3

(gdb) bt

#0 0x001638d8 in ?? () from /usr/lib/libgmp.so.3

#1 0x00164470 in __gmpn_mul_fft () from /usr/lib/libgmp.so.3

#2 0x001646c2 in __gmpn_mul_fft_full () from /usr/lib/libgmp.so.3

#3 0x00165f28 in __gmpn_sqr_n () from /usr/lib/libgmp.so.3

#4 0x0014b58b in __gmpz_n_pow_ui () from /usr/lib/libgmp.so.3

#5 0x0014c4a1 in __gmpz_pow_ui () from /usr/lib/libgmp.so.3

#6 0x080c4a1d in Yap_gmp_exp_int_int (i1=13,i2=1150000000) at ../C/gmp_support.c:939

#7 0x0815f9df in p_exp (t1=,t2=3082051592) at ../C/arith2.c:609

#8 0x080b1f19 in Eval (t=0) at ../C/eval.c:147

#9 0x080b2251 in p_is () at ../C/eval.c:186

#10 0x0806b56a in Yap_absmi (inp=0) at ../C/absmi.c:6912

#11 0x080b3655 in exec_absmi (top=) at ../C/exec.c:1002

#12 0x080b3b1f in do_goal (t=,CodeAdr=,arity=,pt=0x0,top=1) at ../C/exec.c:1068

#13 0x080b3d1d in Yap_RunTopGoal (t=135918154) at ../C/exec.c:1291

#14 0x08061a6f in YAP_RunGoalOnce (t=135918154) at ../C/c_interface.c:2511

#15 0x0805c2f5 in do_top_goal (argc=2,argv=0xbffff4c4) at ../console/yap.c:84

#16 exec_top_level (argc=2,argv=0xbffff4c4) at ../console/yap.c:131

#17 main (argc=2,argv=0xbffff4c4) at ../console/yap.c:172

(gdb)

编辑：对于64位系统也是如此;像这样：

Welcome to SWI-Prolog (Multi-threaded,64 bits,Version 6.3.5)

Copyright (c) 1990-2012 University of Amsterdam,VU Amsterdam

SWI-Prolog comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions.

Please visit http://www.swi-prolog.org for details.

For help,use ?- help(Topic). or ?- apropos(Word).

?- X is 3445^2^62.

gmp: overflow in mpz type

Abort

然而,

?- X is 2^2^63.

ERROR: Out of global stack

?- X is 2^2^62.

gmp: overflow in mpz type

Abort

从下面：

?- X is 2^2^36.

ERROR: Out of global stack

?- X is 2^2^37.

gmp: overflow in mpz type

Abort

因此,如果数字足够大,则SWI会检测到错误 – 因此可以由SWI处理(错误：消息来自SWI).