hadoop集群搭建步骤
实验介绍
下面将要在三台linux虚拟机上搭建hadoop集群。
知识点
linux基本命令
集群安装
完成实验需要以下相关知识
解压命令
tar -zxvf XX.tar.gz -C dist
vi编辑器的使用
vi + file 打开一个文件,要想了解更多请了解vi编辑器的使用
远程拷贝
scp -r srcfile user@hostName:distpath
实验前准备
准备三台linux虚拟机
配置ip和host 下面表格是本次实验的配置情况
iphost软件名192.168.1.111linux1java8、hadoop
192.168.1.112linux2java8,hadoop
192.168.1.113linux3java8,hadoop
配置免密登录,免密登录方案 linux1免密登录linux2和linux3
安装jdk8
准备hadoop2.7.7版本的安装包
下面开始进行实验。
hadoop集群搭建实验
上传hadoop安装文件到 /root/apps/srcclauster
进入主节点创建一个目录apps就作为安装目录
[root@linux1 ~]# mkdir /root/apps
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解压hadoop
[root@linux1 ~]#tar –zxvf /root/srcclauster/hadoop-2.7.7.tar.gz -C /root/apps
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配置hadoop
进入hadoop配置目录打开hadoop-env.sh文件 配置一下JAVA_HOME
[root@linux1 ~]#cd /root/srcclauster/hadoop-2.7.7/etc/hadoop
[root@linux1 hadoop]#
[root@linux1 hadoop]# vi hadoop-env.sh
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# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# Set Hadoop-specific environment variables here.
# The only required environment variable is JAVA_HOME. All others are
# optional. When running a distributed configuration it is best to
# set JAVA_HOME in this file, so that it is correctly defined on
# remote nodes.
# The java implementation to use.
export JAVA_HOME=/root/appstest1/jdk1.8.0_101
# The jsvc implementation to use. Jsvc is required to run secure datanodes
# that bind to privileged ports to provide authentication of data transfer
# protocol. Jsvc is not required if SASL is configured for authentication of
# data transfer protocol using non-privileged ports.
#export JSVC_HOME=${JSVC_HOME}
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=${HADOOP_CONF_DIR:-"/etc/hadoop"}
# Extra Java CLASSPATH elements. Automatically insert capacity-scheduler.
for f in $HADOOP_HOME/contrib/capacity-scheduler/*.jar; do
if [ "$HADOOP_CLASSPATH" ]; then
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$HADOOP_CLASSPATH:$f
else
export HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$f
fi
done
# The maximum amount of heap to use, in MB. Default is 1000.
#export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE=
#export HADOOP_NAMENODE_INIT_HEAPSIZE=""
# Extra Java runtime options. Empty by default.
export HADOOP_OPTS="$HADOOP_OPTS -Djava.net.preferIPv4Stack=true"
# Command specific options appended to HADOOP_OPTS when specified
export HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,RFAS} -Dhdfs.audit.logger=${HDFS_AUDIT_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender} $HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=ERROR,RFAS $HADOOP_DATANODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS="-Dhadoop.security.logger=${HADOOP_SECURITY_LOGGER:-INFO,RFAS} -Dhdfs.audit.logger=${HDFS_AUDIT_LOGGER:-INFO,NullAppender} $HADOOP_SECONDARYNAMENODE_OPTS"
export HADOOP_NFS3_OPTS="$HADOOP_NFS3_OPTS"
export HADOOP_PORTMAP_OPTS="-Xmx512m $HADOOP_PORTMAP_OPTS"
# The following applies to multiple commands (fs, dfs, fsck, distcp etc)
export HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS="-Xmx512m $HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS"
#HADOOP_JAVA_PLATFORM_OPTS="-XX:-UsePerfData $HADOOP_JAVA_PLATFORM_OPTS"
# On secure datanodes, user to run the datanode as after dropping privileges.
# This **MUST** be uncommented to enable secure HDFS if using privileged ports
# to provide authentication of data transfer protocol. This **MUST NOT** be
# defined if SASL is configured for authentication of data transfer protocol
# using non-privileged ports.
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER=${HADOOP_SECURE_DN_USER}
# Where log files are stored. $HADOOP_HOME/logs by default.
#export HADOOP_LOG_DIR=${HADOOP_LOG_DIR}/$USER
# Where log files are stored in the secure data environment.
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_LOG_DIR=${HADOOP_LOG_DIR}/${HADOOP_HDFS_USER}
###
# HDFS Mover specific parameters
###
# Specify the JVM options to be used when starting the HDFS Mover.
# These options will be appended to the options specified as HADOOP_OPTS
# and therefore may override any similar flags set in HADOOP_OPTS
#
# export HADOOP_MOVER_OPTS=""
###
# Advanced Users Only!
###
# The directory where pid files are stored. /tmp by default.
# NOTE: this should be set to a directory that can only be written to by
# the user that will run the hadoop daemons. Otherwise there is the
# potential for a symlink attack.
export HADOOP_PID_DIR=${HADOOP_PID_DIR}
export HADOOP_SECURE_DN_PID_DIR=${HADOOP_PID_DIR}
# A string representing this instance of hadoop. $USER by default.
export HADOOP_IDENT_STRING=$USER
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打开core-site.xml文件配置一下主节点和工作目录
[root@linux1 hadoop]# vi core-site.xml
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fs.defaultFS
hdfs://linux1:9000
hadoop.tmp.dir
/root/appstest1/appdata
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打开mapred-site.xml配置MR运行方式
[root@linux1 hadoop]# vi mapred-site.xm
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mapreduce.framework.name
yarn
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打开yarn-site.xml文件配置yarn的主节点
[root@linux1 hadoop]# vi yarn-site.xml
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yarn.resourcemanager.hostname
linux1
yarn.nodemanager.aux-services
mapreduce_shuffle
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配置slaves
[root@linux1 hadoop]# vi slaves
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linux2
linux3
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格式化hdfs
[root@linux1 ~]#/root/hadoop-2.7.7/bin/hadoop namenode -format
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启动hadoop集群
进入linux1
[root@linux1 apps]# /root/apps/hadoop-2.7.7/sbin/start-dfs.sh
20/04/27 16:14:50 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
Starting namenodes on [linux1]
linux1: starting namenode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop-2.7.7/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-linux1.out
linux3: datanode running as process 1618. Stop it first.
linux2: datanode running as process 1617. Stop it first.
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /root/apps/hadoop-2.7.7/logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-linux1.out
20/04/27 16:15:08 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
[root@linux1 apps]#
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测试是否启动成功
总结
配置核心4个文件 ,hadoop-env.sh配置JAVA_HOME,core-site.xml配置主节点,mapred-site.xm配置MR运行方式, yarn-site.xml配置yarn的主节点。