安装MySQL要不要删除test_第16章MySQL数据库安装，排错及删除

第16章MySQL数据库安装与实现

16.1 安装MySQL

创建用户组和相应的虚拟用户

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql

[root@localhost ~]# useradd mysql -g mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin

[root@localhost ~]# id mysql

uid=1004(mysql) gid=1004(mysql) 组=1004(mysql)

安装MySQL的软件

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/girl/tools

[root@localhost ~]# cd /home/girl/tools

[root@localhost tools]# rz -y

rz waiting to receive.

zmodem trl+C ȡ

100% 23480 KB 23480 KB/s 00:00:01 0 Errors

[root@localhost tools]# tar xf mysql-5.1.72.tar.gz

[root@localhost tools]# ls

lrzsz-0.12.20 lrzsz-0.12.20.tar.gz mysql-5.1.72 mysql-5.1.72.tar.gz

[root@localhost tools]# ls -l

总用量 23768

drwxrwxrwx 9 406 disk 4096 10月 24 05:33 lrzsz-0.12.20

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 280938 12月 31 1998 lrzsz-0.12.20.tar.gz

drwxrwxrwx 32 7155 wheel 4096 9月 10 2013 mysql-5.1.72

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 24044338 10月 24 2019 mysql-5.1.72.tar.gz

配置文件

./configure \

--prefix=/application/mysql5.1.72/data \

--with-unix-socket-path=/application/mysql5.1.72/tmp/mysql.sock \

--localstatedir=/application/mysql5.1.72/data \

--enable-assembler \

--enable-thread-safe-client \

--with-mysqld-user=mysql \

--with-big-tables \

--without-debug \

--with-pthread \

--enable-assembler \

--with-extra-charsets=complex \

--with-readline \

--with-ssl \

--with-embedded-server \

--enable-local-infile \

--with-plugins=partition,innobase \

--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static \

--with-client-ldflags=-all-static

#--with-plugin-PLUGIN \

出现如下图：就可以安装了make && make install

创建软链接

[root@localhost mysql-5.1.72]# ln -s /application/mysql5.1.72/ /application/mysql

[root@localhost mysql-5.1.72]# ll /application/mysql/

总用量 12

drwxr-xr-x  2 root root 4096 10月 24 10:20 bin

drwxr-xr-x  9 root root   99 10月 25 04:31 data

drwxr-xr-x  3 root root   18 10月 24 10:20 include

drwxr-xr-x  3 root root   18 10月 24 10:20 lib

drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   38 10月 24 10:21 libexec

drwxr-xr-x  3 root root   17 10月 24 06:53 man

drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 10月 24 10:21 mysql-test

drwxr-xr-x  7 root root   66 10月 24 10:21 share

drwxr-xr-x  5 root root 4096 10月 24 10:21 sql-bench

16.2 MySQL数据库启动

查看配置文件。下面五个文件都是数据库的配置文件，

[root@localhost tools]# ls mysql-5.1.72/support-files/my*.cnf

mysql-5.1.72/support-files/my-huge.cnf

mysql-5.1.72/support-files/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf

mysql-5.1.72/support-files/my-large.cnf

mysql-5.1.72/support-files/my-medium.cnf

mysql-5.1.72/support-files/my-small.cnf

将文件复制到my.cnf(my-small.cnf为默认配置文件名 /etc/my.cnf 为默认配置路径  )

[root@localhost tools]# cd mysql-5.1.72/support-files/

[root@localhost support-files]# cp my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp：是否覆盖"/etc/my.cnf"？ \y

[root@localhost support-files]#

创建存放数据库文件的地方

[root@localhost support-files]# mkdir /application/mysql/data -p

[root@localhost support-files]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/

#/application/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db(数据库中的文件)

--basedir=/application/mysql (原始目录存放地址)

--datadir=/application/mysql/data/ (生成的数据文件地址)

--user=mysql (所用额数据用户初始化)

[root@localhost support-files]# /application/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql

出现两个ok且没有报错就说明成功

完成后生成两个库，MySQL的库是系统文件库，不能够轻易删除，而test为测试库，可以删除。

[root@localhost support-files]# ll /application/mysql/data/

总用量 4

drwx------ 2 mysql root 4096 10月 26 00:58 mysql

drwx------ 2 mysql root 6 10月 26 00:58 test

启动数据库

[root@localhost support-files]# cp mysql.server.sh /etc/init.d/mysqld (启动脚本)

[root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld (添加管理)

[root@localhost support-files]# chkconfig mysqld on (启动)

[root@localhost support-files]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld (授权启动)

启动数据库

[root@localhost support-files]# cd /application/mysql/bin

[root@localhost bin]# cd ..

[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe &

[1] 72588

[root@localhost mysql]# 191026 01:28:55 mysqld_safe Logging to '/application/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.

191026 01:28:55 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /application/mysql/data

检测是否成功，查看端口，成功

[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -lntup|grep mysql

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 72691/mysqld

设置密码

[root@localhost mysql]# /application/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'zxc123'

#设置完密码之后，就登陆不进去了

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

#使用用户名和密码进行登陆

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -pzxc123

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 5

Server version: 5.1.72 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

16.3 MySQL数据库应用

进入MySQL数据库

(全路径的进入)

[root@localhost ~]# /application/mysql/bin/mysql

mysql>

mysql> quit

Bye

(将路径加入PATH中)

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile

PATH="/application/mysql/bin/:$PATH"

[root@localhost ~]#grep mysql /etc/profile PATH="/application/mysql/bin/:$PATH"

[root@localhost ~]# . /etc/profile

[root@localhost ~]# mysql

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.1.72 Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> q

-> ;

16.4 Mysql排错问题解决：

.checking for termcap functions library... configure: error: No curses/termcap library found

解决问题：

yum list|grep ncurses

yum -y install ncurses-devel

yum install ncurses-devel

2.../depcomp: 第 571 行:exec: g++: 未找到

make[1]: *** [my_new.o] 错误 127

make[1]: 离开目录“/home/girl/tools/mysql-5.1.72/mysys”

make: *** [all-recursive] 错误 1

解决方法：

[root@localhost mysql-5.1.72]# yum install -y gcc-c++

已加载插件：fastestmirror

3.../include/my_global.h:1110:15: 错误：对 C++ 内建类型‘bool’的重声明 [-fpermissive]

typedef char  bool; /* Ordinary boolean values 0 1 */

^

解决方法

make[1]: *** [my_new.o] 错误 1

make[1]: 离开目录“/home/girl/tools/mysql-5.1.72/mysys”

make: *** [all-recursive] 错误 1

解决办法，删除Mysql的文件，重新解压。[root@localhost tools]# rm -rf mysql-5.1.72

4.最后在启动mysql时出错，

[root@localhost support-files]#  /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &

[2] 72431

[1]   退出 1                /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

[root@localhost support-files]# /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe:行337: my_print_defaults: 未找到命令

/application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe:行343: my_print_defaults: 未找到命令

再查看端口，有的话就ok ,netstat -lntup|grep mysql

用系统提供的启动命令也没有用，最后查了一下原因， 是官方已经承认的bug，5.519以后的版本就不再出现了。

解决办法：进入

[root@localhost support-files]# cd /application/mysql/bin

[root@localhost bin]# cd ..

[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe &

[1] 72588

[root@localhost mysql]# 191026 01:28:55 mysqld_safe Logging to '/application/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.

191026 01:28:55 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /application/mysql/data

16.5 彻底删除mysql

1、使用以下命令查看当前安装mysql情况，查找以前是否装有mysql

1

rpm -qa|grep -i mysql

可以看到如下图的所示：

显示之前安装了：

MySQL-client-5.5.25a-1.rhel5

MySQL-server-5.5.25a-1.rhel5

2、停止mysql服务、删除之前安装的mysql

删除命令：rpm -e –nodeps 包名

1

2

rpm -ev MySQL-client-5.5.25a-1.rhel5

rpm -ev MySQL-server-5.5.25a-1.rhel5

如果提示依赖包错误，则使用以下命令尝试

1

rpm -ev MySQL-client-5.5.25a-1.rhel5 --nodeps

如果提示错误：error: %preun(xxxxxx) scriptlet failed, exit status 1

则用以下命令尝试：

1

rpm -e --noscripts MySQL-client-5.5.25a-1.rhel5

3、查找之前老版本mysql的目录、并且删除老版本mysql的文件和库

1

find / -name mysql

查找结果如下：

1

2

3

4

5

find / -name mysql

/var/lib/mysql

/var/lib/mysql/mysql

/usr/lib64/mysql

删除对应的mysql目录

1

2

3

rm -rf /var/lib/mysql

rm -rf /var/lib/mysql

rm -rf /usr/lib64/mysql

具体的步骤如图：查找目录并删除

注意：卸载后/etc/my.cnf不会删除，需要进行手工删除

1

rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

4、再次查找机器是否安装mysql

1

rpm -qa|grep -i mysql