mysql generic安装_MySQL在Linux下Generic安装

# MySQL在Linux下Generic安装

##### 在[官网](https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/)选择并下载安装包

> `mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz` [点击下载](https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz)

>

> Product Version:`5.7.28`

>

> Operating System:`Linux - Generic`

>

> OS Version:`Linux - Generic (glibc2.12) (x86, 64-bit)`

##### 下载系统原有MySQL

```shell

rpm -qa | grep mariadb # mariadb是CentOS7自带的一种MySQL版本。查看是否已经安装？

```

```shell

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-* # 强制卸载mariadb数据库。

```

###### 安装MySQL所需依赖

```shell

yum install -y libaio # 一般CentOS7系统自带，不需要安装。

```

##### 为MySQL独立创建用户和组

> `id mysql` # 先检查是否已经创建过`mysql`用户

```shell

groupadd mysql

useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

```

##### 解压安装包

```shell

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

```

> /usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

##### 创建配置文件

```shell

cat>/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/my.cnf<

[client]

port=3306

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

port=3306

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

user=mysql

character-set-server=utf8

basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/data

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/data/mysql.pid

log_error=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/data/mysql.err

EOF

```

##### 修改权限

```shell

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

```

##### 初始化

```shell

/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld \

--defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/my.cnf \

--initialize

```

###### 查看错误日志(包含初始密码)

```shell

tail -f /usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/data/mysql.err

```

##### mysql_ssl_rsa_setup

```shell

/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup \

--defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/my.cnf

```

##### 启动MySQL

```shell

/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysqld_safe \

--defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/my.cnf &

```

---

##### 登录MySQL

```shell

/usr/local/mysql-5.7.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql -uroot -p

```

##### 修改密码

```mysql

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root';

```

##### 允许root远程连接

```mysql

use mysql;

update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';

select host, user from user;

flush privileges;

```

###### 开放端口

```shell

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent;

firewall-cmd --reload;

firewall-cmd --list-port;

```