php mysql操作封装_PHP中对数据库操作的封装

在动态网面设计中很多都要涉及到对数据库的操作,但是有时跟据需要而改用其它后台数据库，就需要大量修改程序。这是一件枯燥、费时而且容易出错的功作。其实我们可以用PHP中的类来实现对数据库操作的封装，从而使写出的程序在很小的改动下就可以完成后台数据库的更改。

class dbInterface{ var $dbID=1; //用于确定当前操作的数据库，当dbID为1代表MySql,当为 2代表 SQL Server，为3时为ODBC或其它。

var $dbHost; //数据库所在主机域名

var $dbUsername; //数据库用户名

var $dbPassword; //用户密码

//设置主机、用户名及密码函数

function setParameter($host,$username,$password){

$this->dbUsername=$username;

$this->dbHost=$host;

$this->dbPassword=$password;

} //联接数库函数

function dbConnect(){

switch($this->dbID)

{

case 1;

return @mysql_connect($this->dbHost,$this->dbUsername,$this->dbPassword);

case 2;

//用支持SQL Server的函数

case 3;

//用支持ODBC的函数

}

}

//关闭数库函数

function dbClose($dataHandle){

switch($this->dbID)

{

case 1;

mysql_close($dataHandle);

case 2;

//用支持SQL Server的函数

case 3;

//用支持ODBC的函数

}

}

//执行SQL语句函数

function dbQuery($dbName,$sql,$dbHandle){

switch($this->dbID)

{

case 1;

return @mysql_db_query($dbName,$sql,$dbHandle);

case 2;

//用支持SQL Server的函数

case 3;

//用支持ODBC的函数

}

}

//检索SQL返回值的当前记录函数

function dbFetchrow($dataHandle,$offset=-1){

switch($this->dbID)

{

case 1;

@mysql_data_seek($dataHandle,$offset);

return @mysql_fetch_row($dataHandle);

case 2;

//用支持SQL Server的函数

case 3;

//用支持ODBC的函数

}

}

//返回检索记录数函数

function dbNumrows($dataHandle){

switch($this->dbID)

{

case 1;

return @mysql_num_rows($dataHandle);

case 2;

//用支持SQL Server的函数

case 3;

//用支持ODBC的函数

}

}

//返回检索列数函数

function dbNumcols($dataHandle){

switch($this->dbID)

{

case 1;

return @mysql_num_fields($dataHandle);

case 2;

//用支持SQL Server的函数

case 3;

//用支持ODBC的函数

}

}

}

现把使用说明如下：

在程序中用dbInterface类生一个对象$test=new dbInterface;

设置参数

test->$dbUsername ;用户名

test->$dbPassword；密码

test->$dbHost；主机

void setParameter(string host, string username, string password);

数据库连接：dbhandle test->dbConnect();

返回值：fasle ，数据库连接错误

>0, 数据库连接句柄

数据库关闭：void test->dbClose(dbhandle);

表操作：int test->dbQuery(string databasename, string sql，dbhandle);执行SQL语句

返回值： false， SQL执行错误

>0, SQL执行正确, 同时指向SQL返回值，

数据操作：int test->dbFetchrow(dataHandle，int offset);检索SQL返回值的当前记录，成功执行后，指针移向下一条记录

int test->dbNumrows(dataHandle); 取得SQL执行后(主要为SELECT语句)获得的记录数

int test->dbNumcols(dataHandle); 取得SQL执行后(主要为SELECT语句)获得的记录字段数

现在我们发一个例了讲解：

数据库采用MQSQL:其主机名为 "localhost",用户名为"root"和密码""。

-----

test

require("testdb.inc"); //装载dbInterface类

$test = new dbInterface;//用类dbInterface生成一个对象

$test->setParameter("localhost","root","")；//设置数据库参数

$db = $test->dbConnect();//连接数据库

$Query = "SELECT name,pay FROM table ";//设置SQL语句

$temp_result = $test->dbQuery("testdb",$Query,$db)；//执行数据主库操作

echo "
";

$ls_num = $test->dbNumrows($temp_result); //取得查询结果的记录数

echo $ls_num;

echo "
";

if (ls_num>0 )

{

$ls_col = $test->dbNumcols($db); //取得表的列数

echo $ls_col;

echo "
";

$cate_result=$test->dbFetchrow($temp_result,0);//取得记录数的第一行

$hcid=$cate_result[0];// 取得name的值

$hcate=$cate_result[1];//取得pay的值

echo $hcid;

echo "
";

echo $hcate;

}

?>

---

在mysql中有一个testdb数据库及其中的表table1,表包括:name和pay两个字段

php封装一个class类实现mysql数据库的增删该查

Class DB {

private $link_id;

private $handle;

private $is_log;

private $time;

//构造函数

public function __construct() {

$this->time = $this->microtime_float();

require_once("config.db.php");

$this->connect($db_config["hostname"], $db_config["username"], $db_config["password"], $db_config["database"], $db_config["pconnect"]);

$this->is_log = $db_config["log"];

if($this->is_log){

$handle = fopen($db_config["logfilepath"]."dblog.txt", "a+");

$this->handle=$handle;

}

}

//数据库连接

public function connect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpw, $dbname, $pconnect = 0,$charset='utf8') {

if( $pconnect==0 ) {

$this->link_id = @mysql_connect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpw, true);

if(!$this->link_id){

$this->halt("数据库连接失败");

}

} else {

$this->link_id = @mysql_pconnect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpw);

if(!$this->link_id){

$this->halt("数据库持久连接失败");

}

}

if(!@mysql_select_db($dbname,$this->link_id)) {

$this->halt('数据库选择失败');

}

@mysql_query("set names ".$charset);

}

//查询

public function query($sql) {

$this->write_log("查询 ".$sql);

$query = mysql_query($sql,$this->link_id);

if(!$query) $this->halt('Query Error: ' . $sql);

return $query;

}

//获取一条记录(MYSQL_ASSOC，MYSQL_NUM，MYSQL_BOTH)

public function get_one($sql,$result_type = MYSQL_ASSOC) {

$query = $this->query($sql);

$rt =& mysql_fetch_array($query,$result_type);

$this->write_log("获取一条记录 ".$sql);

return $rt;

}

//获取全部记录

public function get_all($sql,$result_type = MYSQL_ASSOC) {

$query = $this->query($sql);

$i = 0;

$rt = array();

while($row =& mysql_fetch_array($query,$result_type)) {

$rt[$i]=$row;

$i++;

}

$this->write_log("获取全部记录 ".$sql);

return $rt;

}

//插入

public function insert($table,$dataArray) {

$field = "";

$value = "";

if( !is_array($dataArray) || count($dataArray)<=0) {

$this->halt('没有要插入的数据');

return false;

}

while(list($key,$val)=each($dataArray)) {

$field .="$key,";

$value .="'$val',";

}

$field = substr( $field,0,-1);

$value = substr( $value,0,-1);

$sql = "insert into $table($field) values($value)";

$this->write_log("插入 ".$sql);

if(!$this->query($sql)) return false;

return true;

}

//更新

public function update( $table,$dataArray,$condition="") {

if( !is_array($dataArray) || count($dataArray)<=0) {

$this->halt('没有要更新的数据');

return false;

}

$value = "";

while( list($key,$val) = each($dataArray))

$value .= "$key = '$val',";

$value .= substr( $value,0,-1);

$sql = "update $table set $value where 1=1 and $condition";

$this->write_log("更新 ".$sql);

if(!$this->query($sql)) return false;

return true;

}

//删除

public function delete( $table,$condition="") {

if( empty($condition) ) {

$this->halt('没有设置删除的条件');

return false;

}

$sql = "delete from $table where 1=1 and $condition";

$this->write_log("删除 ".$sql);

if(!$this->query($sql)) return false;

return true;

}

//返回结果集

public function fetch_array($query, $result_type = MYSQL_ASSOC){

$this->write_log("返回结果集");

return mysql_fetch_array($query, $result_type);

}

//获取记录条数

public function num_rows($results) {

if(!is_bool($results)) {

$num = mysql_num_rows($results);

$this->write_log("获取的记录条数为".$num);

return $num;

} else {

return 0;

}

}

//释放结果集

public function free_result() {

$void = func_get_args();

foreach($void as $query) {

if(is_resource($query) && get_resource_type($query) === 'mysql result') {

return mysql_free_result($query);

}

}

$this->write_log("释放结果集");

}

//获取最后插入的id

public function insert_id() {

$id = mysql_insert_id($this->link_id);

$this->write_log("最后插入的id为".$id);

return $id;

}

//关闭数据库连接

protected function close() {

$this->write_log("已关闭数据库连接");

return @mysql_close($this->link_id);

}

//错误提示

private function halt($msg='') {

$msg .= "\r\n".mysql_error();

$this->write_log($msg);

die($msg);

}

//析构函数

public function __destruct() {

$this->free_result();

$use_time = ($this-> microtime_float())-($this->time);

$this->write_log("完成整个查询任务,所用时间为".$use_time);

if($this->is_log){

fclose($this->handle);

}

}

//写入日志文件

public function write_log($msg=''){

if($this->is_log){

$text = date("Y-m-d H:i:s")." ".$msg."\r\n";

fwrite($this->handle,$text);

}

}

//获取毫秒数

public function microtime_float() {

list($usec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime());

return ((float)$usec + (float)$sec);

}

}

?>

Class DB {

private $link_id;

private $handle;

private $is_log;

private $time;

//构造函数

public function __construct() {

$this->time = $this->microtime_float();

require_once("config.db.php");

$this->connect($db_config["hostname"], $db_config["username"], $db_config["password"], $db_config["database"], $db_config["pconnect"]);

$this->is_log = $db_config["log"];

if($this->is_log){

$handle = fopen($db_config["logfilepath"]."dblog.txt", "a+");

$this->handle=$handle;

}

}

//数据库连接

public function connect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpw, $dbname, $pconnect = 0,$charset='utf8') {

if( $pconnect==0 ) {

$this->link_id = @mysql_connect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpw, true);

if(!$this->link_id){

$this->halt("数据库连接失败");

}

} else {

$this->link_id = @mysql_pconnect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpw);

if(!$this->link_id){

$this->halt("数据库持久连接失败");

}

}

if(!@mysql_select_db($dbname,$this->link_id)) {

$this->halt('数据库选择失败');

}

@mysql_query("set names ".$charset);

}

//查询

public function query($sql) {

$this->write_log("查询 ".$sql);

$query = mysql_query($sql,$this->link_id);

if(!$query) $this->halt('Query Error: ' . $sql);

return $query;

}

//获取一条记录(MYSQL_ASSOC，MYSQL_NUM，MYSQL_BOTH)

public function get_one($sql,$result_type = MYSQL_ASSOC) {

$query = $this->query($sql);

$rt =& mysql_fetch_array($query,$result_type);

$this->write_log("获取一条记录 ".$sql);

return $rt;

}

//获取全部记录

public function get_all($sql,$result_type = MYSQL_ASSOC) {

$query = $this->query($sql);

$i = 0;

$rt = array();

while($row =& mysql_fetch_array($query,$result_type)) {

$rt[$i]=$row;

$i++;

}

$this->write_log("获取全部记录 ".$sql);

return $rt;

}

//插入

public function insert($table,$dataArray) {

$field = "";

$value = "";

if( !is_array($dataArray) || count($dataArray)<=0) {

$this->halt('没有要插入的数据');

return false;

}

while(list($key,$val)=each($dataArray)) {

$field .="$key,";

$value .="'$val',";

}

$field = substr( $field,0,-1);

$value = substr( $value,0,-1);

$sql = "insert into $table($field) values($value)";

$this->write_log("插入 ".$sql);

if(!$this->query($sql)) return false;

return true;

}

//更新

public function update( $table,$dataArray,$condition="") {

if( !is_array($dataArray) || count($dataArray)<=0) {

$this->halt('没有要更新的数据');

return false;

}

$value = "";

while( list($key,$val) = each($dataArray))

$value .= "$key = '$val',";

$value .= substr( $value,0,-1);

$sql = "update $table set $value where 1=1 and $condition";

$this->write_log("更新 ".$sql);

if(!$this->query($sql)) return false;

return true;

}

//删除

public function delete( $table,$condition="") {

if( empty($condition) ) {

$this->halt('没有设置删除的条件');

return false;

}

$sql = "delete from $table where 1=1 and $condition";

$this->write_log("删除 ".$sql);

if(!$this->query($sql)) return false;

return true;

}

//返回结果集

public function fetch_array($query, $result_type = MYSQL_ASSOC){

$this->write_log("返回结果集");

return mysql_fetch_array($query, $result_type);

}

//获取记录条数

public function num_rows($results) {

if(!is_bool($results)) {

$num = mysql_num_rows($results);

$this->write_log("获取的记录条数为".$num);

return $num;

} else {

return 0;

}

}

//释放结果集

public function free_result() {

$void = func_get_args();

foreach($void as $query) {

if(is_resource($query) && get_resource_type($query) === 'mysql result') {

return mysql_free_result($query);

}

}

$this->write_log("释放结果集");

}

//获取最后插入的id

public function insert_id() {

$id = mysql_insert_id($this->link_id);

$this->write_log("最后插入的id为".$id);

return $id;

}

//关闭数据库连接

protected function close() {

$this->write_log("已关闭数据库连接");

return @mysql_close($this->link_id);

}

//错误提示

private function halt($msg='') {

$msg .= "\r\n".mysql_error();

$this->write_log($msg);

die($msg);

}

//析构函数

public function __destruct() {

$this->free_result();

$use_time = ($this-> microtime_float())-($this->time);

$this->write_log("完成整个查询任务,所用时间为".$use_time);

if($this->is_log){

fclose($this->handle);

}

}

//写入日志文件

public function write_log($msg=''){

if($this->is_log){

$text = date("Y-m-d H:i:s")." ".$msg."\r\n";

fwrite($this->handle,$text);

}

}

//获取毫秒数

public function microtime_float() {

list($usec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime());

return ((float)$usec + (float)$sec);

}

}