java写jackson_Java之Jackson框架

在Jackson框架中，提供了三种方式用来处理JSON数据：

流式API

在该方式下，使用JsonParser读取JSON数据，使用JsonGenerator写JSON数据。这种方式性能最佳(最低开销、最快速度读/写，其他两种方式基于该方式实现)

public static void write2JsonByStreamApi() throwsException {

JsonFactory jf= newJsonFactory();

JsonGenerator jg= jf.createGenerator(new File("D:/user.json"),

JsonEncoding.UTF8);

jg.writeStartObject();

jg.writeObjectFieldStart("users");

jg.writeStringField("name", "jackson");

jg.writeNumberField("age", 13);

jg.writeEndObject();

jg.writeEndObject();

jg.flush();

jg.close();

}

树模型

在该模式下，将JSON数据以树的方式存储在内存中，使用ObjectMapper读取JSON数据生成树，树是JsonNode节点的集合

数据绑定

在该模式下，可以方便的将JSON和POJO相互转化，数据的绑定有两种变体：

简单数据绑定

简单数据绑定是指Map、List、String、Numbers、Boolean、以及null之间的相互转化，其转化对应如下：

JSON Type

Java Type

Object

LinkedHashMap

Array

ArrayList

String

String

Number(整数)

Integer、Long、BigInteger

Number(小数)

Double

True|False

Boolean

Null

Null

完整数据绑定

完整数据绑定是指任何Java Bean类型上述简单数据绑定进行转换

/*********************************************/

/**父母信息类*/

public class Parent {

private String fathername = "";

private String mothername = "";

public Parent() {

/**JSON串转为Java对象时调用无惨构造函数*/

}

public Parent(String fname,String mname) {

this.fathername = fname;

this.mothername = mname;

}

public String getFathername() {

return fathername;

}

public void setFathername(String fathername) {

this.fathername = fathername;

}

public String getMothername() {

return mothername;

}

public void setMothername(String mothername) {

this.mothername = mothername;

}

}

/**教师信息类*/

public class Teacher {

private String name = "";

private int age = 0;

public Teacher() {

/**JSON串转为Java对象时调用无惨构造函数*/

}

public Teacher(String name,int age) {

this.name = name;

this.age = age;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

}

/**学生信息类*/

public class Student {

private String name = "";

private String sex = "";

private int age = 0;

private Parent parent = null;

private Teacher[] teachers = null;

public Student() {

/**JSON串转为Java对象时调用无惨构造函数*/

}

public Student(String name,String sex,int age){

this.name = name;

this.sex = sex;

this.age = age;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getSex() {

return sex;

}

public void setSex(String sex) {

this.sex = sex;

}

public int getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(int age) {

this.age = age;

}

public Parent getParent() {

return parent;

}

public void setParent(Parent parent) {

this.parent = parent;

}

public Teacher[] getTeachers() {

return teachers;

}

public void setTeachers(Teacher[] teachers) {

this.teachers = teachers;

}

}

/*********************************************/

public class JSonUtil {

private static ObjectMapper mapper = null;

static {

mapper = new ObjectMapper();

}

public static void write2Json(Object obj) throws IOException {

mapper.writeValue(System.out, obj);

}

public static Object json2Object(String json,Class extends Object> clazz) throws Exception {

return mapper.readValue(json, clazz);

}

public static void main(String []args) throws Exception {

/**Java对象转化为JSON串*/

Parent parent = new Parent("张大龙","张园园");

Teacher teacher_1 = new Teacher("李大成",46);

Teacher teacher_2 = new Teacher("王大虎",43);

Student student = new Student("张明","男",22);

student.setParent(parent);

student.setTeachers(new Teacher[]{teacher_1,teacher_2});

JSonUtil.write2Json(student);

/**JSON串转换为Java对象*/

String json = "{\"name\":\"张明\",\"sex\":\"男\",\"age\":22," +"\"parent\":{\"fathername\":\"张大龙\",\"mothername\":\"张园园\"}," + "\"teachers\":[{\"name\":\"李大成\",\"age\":46}," + "{\"name\":\"王大虎\",\"age\":43}]}";

Student student = (Student) JSonUtil.json2Object(json, Student.class);

System.out.println(student.getParent().getFathername());

}

}

/*************************输出结果*****************************/

{"name":"张明","sex":"男","age":22,"parent":{"fathername":"张大龙","mothername":"张园园"},"teachers":[{"name":"李大成","age":46},{"name":"王大虎","age":43}]}

在上面的示例中，需要注意的是：

将JSON串转为Java对象时，需要Java对象提供无参的构造函数，并且要求Java对象具有Java Bean性质，也就是说要有setter/getter方法

将Java对象转为JSON字符串时，JSON串Object的key名称取自Java对象的属性名称，如果想改变JSON串Object的key名称需要重写自己的序列化器，在解析时需要重写反序列化器，并且在序列化器中指定JSON串顺序

/**序列化器*/

public class StudentSerializer extends JsonSerializer {

@Override

public void serialize(Student value, JsonGenerator js, SerializerProvider provider) throws IOException,

JsonProcessingException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

js.writeStartObject();

js.writeObjectField("学生姓名", value.getName());

js.writeObjectField("性别", value.getSex());

js.writeObjectField("年龄", value.getAge());

js.writeFieldName("父母信息");

js.writeStartObject();

js.writeObjectField("父亲姓名", value.getParent().getFathername());

js.writeObjectField("母亲姓名", value.getParent().getMothername());

js.writeEndObject();

js.writeArrayFieldStart("教师信息");

Teacher [] teachers = value.getTeachers();

for(Teacher teacher : teachers) {

js.writeStartObject();

js.writeObjectField("教师姓名", teacher.getName());

js.writeObjectField("教师年龄", teacher.getAge());

js.writeEndObject();

}

js.writeEndArray();

js.writeEndObject();

}

}

/**反序列化器*/

public class StudentDeserializer extends JsonDeserializer {

@Override

public Student deserialize(JsonParser parser, DeserializationContext context)

throws IOException, JsonProcessingException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

JsonNode node = parser.getCodec().readTree(parser);

String name = node.get("学生姓名").asText();

String sex = node.get("性别").asText();

int age = node.get("年龄").asInt();

JsonNode pNode = node.get("父母信息");

String fathername = pNode.get("父亲姓名").asText();

String mothername = pNode.get("母亲姓名").asText();

Parent parent = new Parent();

parent.setFathername(fathername);

parent.setMothername(mothername);

JsonNode tNodes = node.get("教师信息");

ArrayList list = new ArrayList();

for(JsonNode tNode : tNodes) {

String teachername = tNode.get("教师姓名").asText();

int teacherage = tNode.get("教师年龄").asInt();

Teacher teacher = new Teacher();

teacher.setName(teachername);

teacher.setAge(teacherage);

list.add(teacher);

}

Student student = new Student();

student.setName(name);

student.setAge(age);

student.setSex(sex);

student.setParent(parent);

student.setTeachers((Teacher[]) list.toArray(new Teacher[]{}));

return student;

}

}

/**************************************************************/

public class JSonUtil {

private static ObjectMapper mapper = null;

static {

mapper = new ObjectMapper();

/**注册序列化器与反序列化器*/

StudentSerializer ser = new StudentSerializer();

StudentDeserializer deser = new StudentDeserializer();

SimpleModule module = new SimpleModule();

module.addSerializer(Student.class, ser);

module.addDeserializer(Student.class, deser);

mapper.registerModule(module);

}

public static void write2Json(Object obj) throws IOException {

mapper.writeValue(System.out, obj);

}

public static Object json2Object(String json,Class extends Object> clazz) throws Exception {

return mapper.readValue(json, clazz);

}

public static void main(String []args) throws Exception {

Parent parent = new Parent("张大龙","张园园");

Teacher teacher_1 = new Teacher("李大成",46);

Teacher teacher_2 = new Teacher("王大虎",43);

Student student = new Student("张明","男",22);

student.setParent(parent);

student.setTeachers(new Teacher[]{teacher_1,teacher_2});

JSonUtil.write2Json(student);

String json = "{\"学生姓名\":\"张明\",\"性别\":\"男\",\"年龄\":22," + "\"父母信息\":{\"父亲姓名\":\"张大龙\",\"母亲姓名\":\"张园园\"}," + "\"教师信息\":[{\"教师姓名\":\"李大成\",\"教师年龄\":46}," + "{\"教师姓名\":\"王大虎\",\"教师年龄\":43}]}";

Student stu = (Student) JSonUtil.json2Object(json, Student.class);

System.out.println(stu.getParent().getFathername());

}

}

在上面的序列化示例中，可以看出需要将自定义的序列化器与反序列化器注册到ObjectMapper中，在Jackson2.x框架中，提供了注解方式

/*************序列化对象添加注解***************/@JsonSerialize(using= StudentSerializer.class)

@JsonDeserialize(using= StudentDeserializer.class)public classStudent {private String name = "";private String sex = "";private int age = 0;private Parent parent = null;private Teacher[] teachers = null;publicStudent() {

}public Student(String name, String sex, intage) {this.name =name;this.sex =sex;this.age =age;

}publicString getName() {returnname;

}public voidsetName(String name) {this.name =name;

}publicString getSex() {returnsex;

}public voidsetSex(String sex) {this.sex =sex;

}public intgetAge() {returnage;

}public void setAge(intage) {this.age =age;

}publicParent getParent() {returnparent;

}public voidsetParent(Parent parent) {this.parent =parent;

}publicTeacher[] getTeachers() {returnteachers;

}public voidsetTeachers(Teacher[] teachers) {this.teachers =teachers;

}

}/***********************************************/

public classJSonUtil {private static ObjectMapper mapper = null;static{

mapper= newObjectMapper();

}public static void write2Json(Object obj) throwsIOException {

mapper.writeValue(System.out, obj);

}public static Object json2Object(String json,Class extends Object> clazz) throwsException {returnmapper.readValue(json, clazz);

}public static void main(String []args) throwsException {

Parent parent= new Parent("张大龙", "张园园");

Teacher teacher_1= new Teacher("李大成", 46);

Teacher teacher_2= new Teacher("王大虎", 43);

Student student= new Student("张明", "男", 22);

student.setParent(parent);

student.setTeachers(newTeacher[] { teacher_1, teacher_2 });

JSonUtil.write2Json(student);

String json= "{\"学生姓名\":\"张明\",\"性别\":\"男\",\"年龄\":22,"

+ "\"父母信息\":{\"父亲姓名\":\"张大龙\",\"母亲姓名\":\"张园园\"},"

+ "\"教师信息\":[{\"教师姓名\":\"李大成\",\"教师年龄\":46},"

+ "{\"教师姓名\":\"王大虎\",\"教师年龄\":43}]}";

Student stu= (Student) JSonUtil.json2Object(json, Student.class);

System.out.println(stu.getParent().getFathername());

}

}

泛型的数据绑定

除绑定到POJO和简单类型外，还有一个额外的变型：绑定到泛型容器，由于所谓的类型擦除【Java采用向后兼容的方式实现泛型】，需要进行特殊处理，这时需要借助TypeReference类

/*********************************************/

public classPersonMsg {privateString name;privateString sex;publicPersonMsg() {

}publicPersonMsg(String name,String sex) {this.name =name;this.sex =sex;

}publicString getName() {returnname;

}public voidsetName(String name) {this.name =name;

}publicString getSex() {returnsex;

}public voidsetSex(String sex) {this.sex =sex;

}

}/*********************************************/

public classJSonUtil {private static ObjectMapper mapper = null;static{

mapper= newObjectMapper();

}public static void write2Json(Object obj) throwsIOException {

mapper.writeValue(System.out, obj);

}public static Object json2Object(String json,TypeReference> typeReference) throwsException {returnmapper.readValue(json, typeReference);

}public static void main(String []args) throwsException {

PersonMsg p0= new PersonMsg("liming", "man");

PersonMsg p1= new PersonMsg("lixiang", "woman");

Map map = new HashMap();

map.put("liming", p0);

map.put("lixiang", p1);

JSonUtil.write2Json(map);

String json= "{\"liming\":{\"name\":\"liming\",\"sex\":\"man\"}," +

"\"lixiang\":{\"name\":\"lixiang\",\"sex\":\"woman\"}}";

Map pmap = (Map) JSonUtil.json2Object(json, new TypeReference>(){});

}

}