mysql 全库备份和增量备份区别_mysql的全量备份与增量备份

mysql的全量备份与增量备份

全量备份：可以使用mysqldump直接备份整个库或者是备份其中某一个库或者一个库中的某个表。

备份所有数据库：

[[email protected] ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --all-databases >/opt/all.sql

mysqldump: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

备份单个数据库的所有表：

[[email protected] ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --databases test>/opt/test.sql

mysqldump: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

备份数据库中的单个表的结构：

[[email protected] ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -d test userinfo >/opt/test_userinfo_jiegou.sql

mysqldump: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

备份数据库中的单个表的内容：

[[email protected] ~]# mysqldump -uroot -p123456 test userinfo>/opt/test_userinfo_neirong.sql

mysqldump: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

增量备份：增量备份是针对于数据库的bin-log日志进行备份的，需要开始数据库的bin-log日志。增量备份是在全量的基础上进行操作的。增量备份主要是靠mysql记录的bin-log日志。(可以把二进制日志保存成每天的一个文件)

1.开启二进制日志文件；

[[email protected] ~]# echo -e "log-bin = /usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql_bin \nserver_id = 1\n max_binlog_size = 100M " >>/etc/my.cnf

根据position值位置进行恢复；

[[email protected] ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=1 --stop-position=795 /usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql_bin.000001 |mysql -uroot -p123456

根据时间点位置进行恢复；-d指定数据库，选项-h指定主机

[[email protected] ~]#mysqlbinlog --start-date=‘2019-05-30 14:49:25‘ --stop-date=‘2019-05-30 14:52:39‘ -d linux -h127.0.0.1 /usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql-bin.000001 |mysql -uroot -p123456

将二进制日志文件中所有的数据记录全部恢复；

[[email protected] ~]# mysqlbinlog /usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql_bin.000001 |mysql -uroot -p123123

脚本：

全量备份：

[[email protected] ~]# cat /shell/fs_sql_bak.sh

#!/bin/bash

##beifen sql

Bakdir=/data/sql-bak

Time=$(date +"%F_%T")

[ -f /usr/bin/mysqldump ] && echo "ok" || exit

/usr/bin/mysqldump -uroot -p123456 -R --all-databases > $Bakdir/$Time"_34.sql"

#echo $Bakdir/$Time"_34.sql"

增量备份：

[[email protected] shell]# cat zeng_sql.sh

#!/bin/bash

## zeng liang bak sql

Logdir=/usr/local/mysql/logs

Time=$(date +%F)

mkdir $Logdir/"log-"$Time

find $Logdir -type f -mmin 1 -exec cp {} $Logdir/"log-"$Time/ \;

if [ -f $Logdir/"log-"$Time/mysql-bin.* ];then

echo "mysql is zeng backup success on time-$(date +%F)" >>$Logdir/"log-"$Time/mysql_zeng_backup.log

else

echo "mysql is zeng backup fail on time-$(date +%F)" >>$Logdir/"log-"$Time/mysql_zeng_backup.log

fi

mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 flush-logs >/dev/null

生产环境：建议一周或者三天进行一次全量备份，一天一次增量备份。