python文件删除前几行,如何在Python中从文件读取和删除前n行-优雅的解决方案

I have a pretty big file ~ 1MB in size and I would like to be able to read first N lines, save them into a list (newlist) for later use, and then delete them.

I am able to do that like this:

import os

n = 3 #the number of line to be read and deleted

with open("bigFile.txt") as f:

mylist = f.read().splitlines()

newlist = mylist[:n]

os.remove("bigFile.txt")

thefile = open('bigFile.txt', 'w')

del mylist[:n]

for item in mylist:

thefile.write("%s\n" % item)

I know this doesn't look good in terms of efficiency and this is why I need something better but after searching for different solutions I was stuck with this one.

解决方案

A file is it's own iterator.

n = 3

nfirstlines = []

with open("bigFile.txt") as f, open("bigfiletmp.txt", "w") as out:

for x in xrange(n):

nfirstlines.append(next(f))

for line in f:

out.write(line)

# NB : it seems that `os.rename()` complains on some systems

# if the destination file already exists.

os.remove("bigfile.txt")

os.rename("bigfiletmp.txt", "bigfile.txt")