内存泄露与内存溢出
内存溢出 out of memory,是指程序在申请内存时,没有足够的内存空间供其使用,出现out of memory。
内存泄露 memory leak,是指程序在申请内存后,无法释放已申请的内存空间。一次内存泄露危害可以忽略,但内存泄露堆积后果很严重,无论多少内存,迟早会被占光。
memory leak会最终会导致out of memory!
内存溢出分类
堆内存溢出
堆内存中存在大量对象,这些对象都有被引用,当所有对象占用空间达到堆内存的最大值,就会出现内存溢出OutOfMemory:Java heap space
永久代溢出
类的一些信息,如类名、访问修饰符、字段描述、方法描述等,所占空间大于永久代最大值,就会出现OutOfMemoryError:PermGen space
内存泄露检测手段
Jdk/bin目录下有很多检测工具
图形界面(需要更新测试机配置文件):
Jconsole
Jvisualvm
命令行工具:
Jstat –gcutil pid 1000 100
Jmap –histo pid | head -20
Jmap –heap pid
1 [root@zhoucentos bin]# jmap -heap 2384 //打印java heap堆内存信息
2 Attaching to process ID 2384, please wait...3 Debugger attached successfully.4 Client compiler detected.5 JVM version is 11.0-b156
7 using thread-local objectallocation.8 Mark Sweep Compact GC9
10 Heap Configuration:11 MinHeapFreeRatio = 40
12 MaxHeapFreeRatio = 70
13 MaxHeapSize = 268435456 (256.0MB)14 NewSize = 131072000 (125.0MB)15 MaxNewSize = 131072000 (125.0MB)16 OldSize = 4194304 (4.0MB)17 NewRatio = 12
18 SurvivorRatio = 8
19 PermSize = 12582912 (12.0MB)20 MaxPermSize = 67108864 (64.0MB)21
22 Heap Usage:23 New Generation (Eden + 1Survivor Space):24 capacity = 117964800 (112.5MB)25 used = 102007440 (97.28187561035156MB)26 free = 15957360 (15.218124389648438MB)27 86.4727783203125%used28 Eden Space:29 capacity = 104857600 (100.0MB)30 used = 90339496 (86.15445709228516MB)31 free = 14518104 (13.845542907714844MB)32 86.15445709228516%used33 From Space:34 capacity = 13107200 (12.5MB)35 used = 11667944 (11.127418518066406MB)36 free = 1439256 (1.3725814819335938MB)37 89.01934814453125%used38 To Space:39 capacity = 13107200 (12.5MB)40 used = 0 (0.0MB)41 free = 13107200 (12.5MB)42 0.0%used43 tenured generation:44 capacity = 137363456 (131.0MB)45 used = 40348976 (38.47978210449219MB)46 free = 97014480 (92.52021789550781MB)47 29.373879469078005%used48 Perm Generation:49 capacity = 12845056 (12.25MB)50 used = 12656048 (12.069747924804688MB)51 free = 189008 (0.1802520751953125MB)52 98.52855448820154% used
配置tomcat jvm参数
编写接口脚本
跑5分钟……
jvisualvm远程连接虚拟机监控
可以看到堆内存到达了顶点,发生了垃圾回收却没有起作用。像这样暴力的,哈哈