今天接应用人员电话反应，一套备份数据库在加完表空间后出现异常，现象是数据库能查询，但是update很慢。
故障处理详细：
1、查看alert日志如下：
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 16541 (LGWR switch)
Current log# 1 seq# 16541 mem# 0: +DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.262.792077131
Current log# 1 seq# 16541 mem# 1: +DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_1.263.792077153
Fri Sep 12 09:52:51 2014
Archived Log entry 3480 added for thread 1 sequence 16540 ID 0x10fd7185 dest 1:
Fri Sep 12 09:59:08 2014
alter tablespace ALARM_DATA_TBS add datafile '+DATA' size 10g autoextend off
Fri Sep 12 10:01:11 2014
Completed: alter tablespace ALARM_DATA_TBS add datafile '+DATA' size 10g autoextend off
Fri Sep 12 10:06:17 2014
alter tablespace ALARM_DATA_TBS add datafile '+DATA' size 10g autoextend off
Fri Sep 12 10:13:44 2014
minact-scn: useg scan erroring out with error e:12751
Fri Sep 12 10:17:50 2014
Errors in file /Oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb/trace/racdb_m001_18487.trc:
ORA-12751: cpu time or run time policy violation
Fri Sep 12 10:22:46 2014
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb/trace/racdb_ora_17431.trc (incident=362566):
ORA-00494: 持有入队 [CF] 的时间过长 (超过 900 秒) (由 'inst 1, osid 18462')
Incident details in: /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb/incident/incdir_362566/racdb_ora_17431_i362566.trc
Fri Sep 12 10:23:16 2014
Killing enqueue blocker (pid=18462) on resource CF-00000000-00000000 by (pid=17431)
by killing session 2140.29719
Attempt to get Control File Enqueue by USER pid=17431 (mode=X, type=0, timeout=900) is being blocked by inst=1, pid=18462
Please check inst 1's alert log for more information on the blocker including a possible ORA-00494 and related incident logs
Fri Sep 12 10:23:57 2014
minact-scn: useg scan erroring out with error e:12751
Fri Sep 12 10:23:57 2014
Sweep [inc][362566]: completed
Sweep [inc2][362566]: completed
Fri Sep 12 10:25:10 2014
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb/trace/racdb_lgwr_9336.trc (incident=360259):
ORA-00494: enqueue [CF] held for too long (more than 900 seconds) by 'inst 1, osid 18462'
Incident details in: /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb/incident/incdir_360259/racdb_lgwr_9336_i360259.trc
Fri Sep 12 10:25:40 2014
Killing enqueue blocker (pid=18462) on resource CF-00000000-00000000 by (pid=9336)
by killing session 2140.29719
Attempt to get Control File Enqueue by LGWR pid=9336 (mode=X, type=0, timeout=900) is being blocked by inst=1, pid=18462
Please check inst 1's alert log for more information on the blocker including a possible ORA-00494 and related incident logs
Fri Sep 12 10:28:16 2014
Errors in file /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb/trace/racdb_ora_17431.trc (incident=362567):
ORA-00494: 持有入队 [CF] 的时间过长 (超过 900 秒) (由 'inst 1, osid 18462')
Incident details in: /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb/incident/incdir_362567/racdb_ora_17431_i362567.trc
Fri Sep 12 10:28:46 2014
Killing enqueue blocker (pid=18462) on resource CF-00000000-00000000 by (pid=17431)
by terminating the process
Attempt to get Control File Enqueue by USER pid=17431 (mode=X, type=0, timeout=300) is being blocked by inst=1, pid=18462
Please check inst 1's alert log for more information on the blocker including a possible ORA-00494 and related incident logs
Fri Sep 12 10:28:46 2014
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 16542 (LGWR switch)
Current log# 2 seq# 16542 mem# 0: +DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.264.792077173
Current log# 2 seq# 16542 mem# 1: +DATA/racdb/onlinelog/group_2.265.792077193
2、进入数据库中手动切换日志(alter system switch logfile)很慢几近于不动。
3、分析日志发现LGWR进程一直在等待CF enqueue，
Dump continued from file: /oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb/trace/racdb_lgwr_5854.trc
ORA-00494: enqueue [CF] held for too long (more than 900 seconds) by 'inst 1, osid 7955'
========= Dump for incident 380258 (ORA 494) ========
----- Beginning of Customized Incident Dump(s) -----
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ENQUEUE [CF] HELD FOR TOO LONG
enqueue holder: 'inst 1, osid 7955'
4、进一步分析发现很多次control file sequential read等待，即处于IO等待状态，
为什么出现control file sequential read，可能控制文件不在了，或者控制文件或其快照所在目录掉了。
Current Wait Stack:
Not in wait; last wait ended 17 min 35 sec ago
There are 40 sessions blocked by this session.
Dumping one waiter:
inst: 1, sid: 1653, ser: 1
wait event: 'enq: CF - contention'
p1: 'name|mode'=0x43460005
p2: '0'=0x0
p3: 'operation'=0x0
row_wait_obj#: 4294967295, block#: 0, row#: 0, file# 0
min_blocked_time: 898 secs, waiter_cache_ver: 407
Wait State:
fixed_waits=0 flags=0x21 boundary=0x0/-1
Session Wait History:
elapsed time of 17 min 35 sec since last wait
0: waited for 'control file sequential read'
file#=0x0, block#=0x12, blocks=0x1
wait_id=10168 seq_num=10169 snap_id=1
wait times: snap=0.000352 sec, exc=0.000352 sec, total=0.000352 sec
wait times: max=infinite
wait counts: calls=0 os=0
occurred after 0.000018 sec of elapsed time
1: waited for 'control file sequential read'
file#=0x0, block#=0x10, blocks=0x1
wait_id=10167 seq_num=10168 snap_id=1
wait times: snap=0.000320 sec, exc=0.000320 sec, total=0.000320 sec
wait times: max=infinite
wait counts: calls=0 os=0
occurred after 0.000018 sec of elapsed time
5、进入RMAN中查看控制文件备份路径均为/oradata/racdbdb_rman_bak目录，详细如下：
RMAN> show all;
使用目标数据库控制文件替代恢复目录
db_unique_name 为 racdb 的数据库的 RMAN 配置参数为:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/oradata/racdbdb_rman_bak/conf_%T_%F';
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/oradata/racdbdb_rman_bak/snap_racdb.ctl';
6、查看目录发现/oradata目录掉了
bash-3.00$ df -h
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s0 96G 47G 48G 50% /
/devices 0K 0K 0K 0% /devices
ctfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/contract
proc 0K 0K 0K 0% /proc
mnttab 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/mnttab
swap 87G 1.9M 87G 1% /etc/svc/volatile
objfs 0K 0K 0K 0% /system/object
sharefs 0K 0K 0K 0% /etc/dfs/sharetab
fd 0K 0K 0K 0% /dev/fd
swap 87G 120K 87G 1% /tmp
swap 87G 80K 87G 1% /var/run
/dev/dsk/c0t0d0s4 38G 27G 11G 72% /export/home
/dev/dsk/c0t1d0s3 77G 41G 35G 54% /oracle
7、通过修改控制文件备份路径，数据库恢复正常。
RMAN> CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snap_racdb.ctl';
RMAN> show all;
db_unique_name 为 racdb 的数据库的 RMAN 配置参数为:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/conf_%T_%F';
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/snap_racdb.ctl';
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