matlab 句柄函数 varargin,[转载]function_handle (@) －－ Matlab 函数句柄命令

function_handle (@)

Handle used in calling functions indirectly

Syntax

handle = @functionname

handle = @(arglist)anonymous_function

Description

handle = @functionname returns a handle to the specified MATLAB

function.

A function handle is a MATLAB value that provides a means of

calling a function indirectly. You can pass function handles in

calls to other functions (often called function functions). You can

also store function handles in data structures for later use (for

example, as Handle Graphics callbacks). A function handle is one of

the standard MATLAB data types.

At the time you create a function handle, the function you

specify must be on the MATLAB path and in the current scope. This

condition does not apply when you uate the function handle. You

can, for example, execute a subfunction from a separate

(out-of-scope) M-file using a function handle as long as the handle

was created within the subfunction's M-file (in-scope).

handle = @(arglist)anonymous_function constructs an anonymous

function and returns a handle to that function. The body of the

function, to the right of the parentheses, is a single MATLAB

statement or command. arglist is a comma-separated list of input

arguments. Execute the function by calling it by means of the

function handle, handle.

Remarks

The function handle is a standard MATLAB data type. As such, you

can manipulate and operate on function handles in the same manner

as on other MATLAB data types. This includes using function handles

in structures and cell arrays:

S.a = @sin; S.b = @cos; S.c =

@tan;

C = {@sin, @cos, @tan};

However, standard matrices or arrays of function handles are not

supported:

A = [@sin, @cos,

@tan]; % This is not supported

For nonoverloaded functions, subfunctions, and private

functions, a function handle references just the one function

specified in the @functionname syntax. When you uate an

overloaded function by means of its handle, the arguments the

handle is uated with determine the actual function that MATLAB

dispatches to.

Use isa(h, 'function_handle') to see if variable h is a function

handle.

Examples

Example 1 -- Constructing a Handle to a Named Function

The following example creates a function handle for the humps

function and assigns it to the variable fhandle.

fhandle = @humps;

Pass the handle to another function in the same way you would

pass any argument. This example passes the function handle just

created to fminbnd, which then minimizes over the interval [0.3,

1].

x = fminbnd(fhandle, 0.3, 1)

x =

0.6370

The fminbnd function uates the @humps function handle. A

small portion of the fminbnd M-file is shown below. In line 1, the

funfcn input parameter receives the function handle @humps that was

passed in. The statement, in line 113, uates the handle.

1 function

[xf,fval,exitflag,output] = ...

fminbnd(funfcn,ax,bx,options,varargin)

.

.

.

113 fx = funfcn(x,varargin{:});

Example 2 -- Constructing a Handle to an Anonymous Function

The statement below creates an anonymous function that finds the

square of a number. When you call this function, MATLAB assigns the

value you pass in to variable x, and then uses x in the equation

x.^2:

sqr = @(x) x.^2;

The @ operator constructs a function handle for this function,

and assigns the handle to the output variable sqr. As with any

function handle, you execute the function associated with it by

specifying the variable that contains the handle, followed by a

comma-separated argument list in parentheses. The syntax is

fhandle(arg1, arg2, ..., argN)

To execute the sqr function defined above, type

a = sqr(5)

a =

25

Because sqr is a function handle, you can pass it in an argument

list to other functions. The code shown here passes the sqr

anonymous function to the MATLAB quad function to compute its

integral from zero to one:

quad(sqr, 0, 1)

ans =

0.3333

See Also

str2func, func2str, functions, isa