paramiko模块依赖linux,ubuntu14.04.5安装paramiko模块pip install paramiko出现一堆问题的解决过程...

根据paramiko官网的指示，可以使用pip安装paramiko模块默认安装最新的稳定版本的paramiko

使用pip安装paramiko

sudo pip3 install paramiko

出现一堆错误信息：

liuxin@sunshine-virtual-machine:~/work/python/python/socket/socketserver/ftp_client$ sudo pip3 install paramiko

[sudo] password for liuxin:

对不起，请重试。

[sudo] password for liuxin:

对不起，请重试。

[sudo] password for liuxin:

Downloading/unpacking paramiko

Downloading paramiko-2.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (192kB): 192kB downloaded

Downloading/unpacking bcrypt>=3.1.3 (from paramiko)

Downloading bcrypt-3.1.4.tar.gz (42kB): 42kB downloaded

Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/bcrypt/setup.py) egg_info for package bcrypt

warning: no previously-included files found matching 'requirements.txt'

warning: no previously-included files found matching 'tasks.py'

warning: no previously-included files found matching '.travis.yml'

warning: no previously-included files found matching 'wheel-scripts'

warning: no previously-included files found matching 'Jenkinsfile'

warning: no previously-included files found matching '.jenkins'

warning: no previously-included files matching '*' found under directory '.jenkins'

warning: no previously-included files matching '*' found under directory 'wheel-scripts'

no previously-included directories found matching '.travis'

Downloading/unpacking pynacl>=1.0.1 (from paramiko)

Downloading PyNaCl-1.2.1.tar.gz (3.3MB): 3.3MB downloaded

Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/pynacl/setup.py) egg_info for package pynacl

Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'

to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

No package 'libffi' found

Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'

to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

No package 'libffi' found

Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'

to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

No package 'libffi' found

Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'

to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

No package 'libffi' found

Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'

to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

No package 'libffi' found

c/_cffi_backend.c:15:17: fatal error: ffi.h: 没有那个文件或目录

#include

^

compilation terminated.

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 116, in _compile

extra_postargs)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 909, in spawn

spawn(cmd, dry_run=self.dry_run)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/spawn.py", line 36, in spawn

_spawn_posix(cmd, search_path, dry_run=dry_run)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/spawn.py", line 162, in _spawn_posix

% (cmd, exit_status))

distutils.errors.DistutilsExecError: command 'i686-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup

dist.run_commands()

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commands

self.run_command(cmd)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command

cmd_obj.run()

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 185, in run

cmd = self.call_command('install_lib', warn_dir=0)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 171, in call_command

self.run_command(cmdname)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command

self.distribution.run_command(command)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command

cmd_obj.run()

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py", line 21, in run

self.build()

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/install_lib.py", line 109, in build

self.run_command('build_ext')

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command

self.distribution.run_command(command)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command

cmd_obj.run()

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 49, in run

_build_ext.run(self)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 339, in run

self.build_extensions()

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 448, in build_extensions

self.build_extension(ext)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 178, in build_extension

_build_ext.build_extension(self,ext)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 503, in build_extension

depends=ext.depends)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 574, in compile

self._compile(obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 118, in _compile

raise CompileError(msg)

distutils.errors.CompileError: command 'i686-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1025, in run_setup

run_setup(setup_script, args)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 50, in run_setup

lambda: execfile(

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 100, in run

return func()

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 52, in

{'__file__':setup_script, '__name__':'__main__'}

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/compat.py", line 78, in execfile

exec(compile(source, fn, 'exec'), globs, locs)

File "setup.py", line 236, in

cmdclass={

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 163, in setup

raise SystemExit("error: " + str(msg))

SystemExit: error: command 'i686-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 17, in

File "/tmp/pip_build_root/pynacl/setup.py", line 251, in

"Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6",

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 108, in setup

_setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 239, in __init__

self.fetch_build_eggs(attrs.pop('setup_requires'))

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 264, in fetch_build_eggs

replace_conflicting=True

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 620, in resolve

dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(req, ws, installer)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 858, in best_match

return self.obtain(req, installer) # try and download/install

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 870, in obtain

return installer(requirement)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 314, in fetch_build_egg

return cmd.easy_install(req)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 616, in easy_install

return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 646, in install_item

dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 834, in install_eggs

return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1040, in build_and_install

self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1028, in run_setup

raise DistutilsError("Setup script exited with %s" % (v.args[0],))

distutils.errors.DistutilsError: Setup script exited with error: command 'i686-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info:

Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'

to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

No package 'libffi' found

Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'

to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

No package 'libffi' found

Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'

to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

No package 'libffi' found

Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'

to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

No package 'libffi' found

Package libffi was not found in the pkg-config search path.

Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libffi.pc'

to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable

No package 'libffi' found

c/_cffi_backend.c:15:17: fatal error: ffi.h: 没有那个文件或目录

#include

^

compilation terminated.

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 116, in _compile

extra_postargs)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 909, in spawn

spawn(cmd, dry_run=self.dry_run)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/spawn.py", line 36, in spawn

_spawn_posix(cmd, search_path, dry_run=dry_run)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/spawn.py", line 162, in _spawn_posix

% (cmd, exit_status))

distutils.errors.DistutilsExecError: command 'i686-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup

dist.run_commands()

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 955, in run_commands

self.run_command(cmd)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command

cmd_obj.run()

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 185, in run

cmd = self.call_command('install_lib', warn_dir=0)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 171, in call_command

self.run_command(cmdname)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command

self.distribution.run_command(command)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command

cmd_obj.run()

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py", line 21, in run

self.build()

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/install_lib.py", line 109, in build

self.run_command('build_ext')

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command

self.distribution.run_command(command)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/dist.py", line 974, in run_command

cmd_obj.run()

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 49, in run

_build_ext.run(self)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 339, in run

self.build_extensions()

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 448, in build_extensions

self.build_extension(ext)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/build_ext.py", line 178, in build_extension

_build_ext.build_extension(self,ext)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 503, in build_extension

depends=ext.depends)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/ccompiler.py", line 574, in compile

self._compile(obj, src, ext, cc_args, extra_postargs, pp_opts)

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/unixccompiler.py", line 118, in _compile

raise CompileError(msg)

distutils.errors.CompileError: command 'i686-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1025, in run_setup

run_setup(setup_script, args)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 50, in run_setup

lambda: execfile(

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 100, in run

return func()

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 52, in

{'__file__':setup_script, '__name__':'__main__'}

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/compat.py", line 78, in execfile

exec(compile(source, fn, 'exec'), globs, locs)

File "setup.py", line 236, in

cmdclass={

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 163, in setup

raise SystemExit("error: " + str(msg))

SystemExit: error: command 'i686-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 17, in

File "/tmp/pip_build_root/pynacl/setup.py", line 251, in

"Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6",

File "/usr/lib/python3.4/distutils/core.py", line 108, in setup

_setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 239, in __init__

self.fetch_build_eggs(attrs.pop('setup_requires'))

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 264, in fetch_build_eggs

replace_conflicting=True

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 620, in resolve

dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(req, ws, installer)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 858, in best_match

return self.obtain(req, installer) # try and download/install

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 870, in obtain

return installer(requirement)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 314, in fetch_build_egg

return cmd.easy_install(req)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 616, in easy_install

return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 646, in install_item

dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 834, in install_eggs

return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1040, in build_and_install

self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)

File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1028, in run_setup

raise DistutilsError("Setup script exited with %s" % (v.args[0],))

distutils.errors.DistutilsError: Setup script exited with error: command 'i686-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

----------------------------------------

Cleaning up...

Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip_build_root/pynacl

Storing debug log for failure in /home/liuxin/.pip/pip.log

查看错误日志时发现一条信息：

No package 'libffi' found

所以使用下面安装libffi:

sudo apt-get install libffi-dev

再次使用pip3安装paramiko模块又提示如下错误：

error in cryptography setup command: Invalid environment marker: python_version < '3'

别灰心，出现别的错误说明有进展

上网搜了一下这个错误找到一个解决方案：https://github.com/ansible/ansible/issues/31741

看到没？它也在安装libffi，至少说明我们的方向没有错， 按照大神的提示执行一下指令：

sudo pip3 install --upgrade setuptools

sudo apt-get install libffi-dev libssl-dev

再次安装paramiko

sudo pip3 install paramiko

安装成功，打开python3解释器测试模块：

Successfully installed paramiko pyasn1 bcrypt cryptography pynacl cffi idna asn1crypto pycparser

Cleaning up...

liuxin@sunshine-virtual-machine:~/work/python/python/socket/socketserver/ftp_client$ python3

Python 3.4.3 (default, Nov 28 2017, 16:40:41)

[GCC 4.8.4] on linux

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import paramiko

>>>

ok， 搞定

总结：

在使用pip3安装paramiko模块执行以下指令：

sudo pip3 install --upgrade setuptools

sudo apt-get install libffi-dev libssl-dev

sudo pip3 install paramiko