mac yosemite 配置php,MacOS配置网络教程

1、IP地址配置

手动指定IP

以下3个命令都可以完成IP地址的配置：

- ifconfig interface [address_family] [address [netmask]]

- ipconfig set interface-name (MANUAL | INFORM) ip-address subnet-mask

- networksetup -setmanual

手动指定IP举例：macbook$ sudo ifconfig en0 inet 192.168.1.10 netmask 255.255.255.0macbook$ sudo ipconfig set en0 MANUAL 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0macbook$ sudo networksetup -setmanual Wi-Fi 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1注意：ifconfig和ipconfig都是指定网口设备名称，而networksetup要求使用MacOS为网口设置的别名(所谓“network service”)来指定网口。

使用DHCP配置IP

可以使用以下2个命令来重新获取DHCP配置：

- ipconfig set interface-name (DHCP | BOOTP)

- networksetup -setdhcp

使用DHCP动态获取IP地址举例：macbook$ ipconfig set en0 DHCPmacbook$ networksetup -setdhcp Wi-Fi注意：ifconfig和ipconfig都是指定网口设备名称，而networksetup要求使用MacOS为网口设置的别名(所谓“network service”)来指定网口。

配置默认网关

可以使用以下命令配置默认网关：

- networksetup -setmanual

- route [add | change ] default

- route [add | change ] -net 0.0.0.0

默认网关配置举例：macbook$ sudo networksetup -setmanual Wi-Fi 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1

以下两条命令等价:macbook$ sudo route add default 192.168.1.1

macbook$ sudo route add -net 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1

如果已存在默认路由，你可能需要先删除现有默认路由，然后再添加默认路由：macbook$ sudo route delete default

macbook$ sudo route add default 192.168.1.1

或者你也可以替换现有默认路由：macbook$ sudo route change default 192.168.1.1

添加静态路由

可以使用以下命令添加路由:macbook$ sudo route [-n] [add | delete | change] [-net | -host] [-ifscope boundif] destination gateway [netmask]

首先查看当前路由表：macbook$ netstat -nr

Routing tables

Internet:

Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire

default 192.168.1.1 UGSc 21 5 en0

127 127.0.0.1 UCS 0 0 lo0

127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH 1 1699 lo0

169.254 link#4 UCS 0 0 en0

169.254 link#6 UCSI 1 0 en6

169.254.89.143/32 link#6 UCS 0 0 en6

192.168.1 link#4 UCS 1 0 en0

192.168.1.1/32 link#4 UCS 1 0 en0

192.168.1.1 f4:ec:38:1e:ea:52 UHLWIir 19 224 en0 887

192.168.1.101/32 link#4 UCS 1 0 en0

192.168.1.101 48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd UHLWIi 1 4 lo0

192.168.1.104 7c:b2:32:70:33:5c UHLWI 0 2 en0 1053

224.0.0/4 link#4 UmCS 2 0 en0

224.0.0/4 link#6 UmCSI 0 0 en6

224.0.0.251 1:0:5e:0:0:fb UHmLWI 0 0 en0

239.255.255.250 1:0:5e:7f:ff:fa UHmLWI 0 3 en0

255.255.255.255/32 link#4 UCS 0 0 en0

255.255.255.255/32 link#6 UCSI 0 0 en6

Internet6:

Destination Gateway Flags Netif Expire

default fe80::%utun1 UGcI utun1

::1 ::1 UHL lo0

fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f::/64 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 Uc utun0

fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f:f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70 link#10 UHL lo0

fe80::%lo0/64 fe80::1%lo0 UcI lo0

fe80::1%lo0 link#1 UHLI lo0

fe80::%en0/64 link#4 UCI en0

fe80::ca3:96a0:7113:b973%en0 48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd UHLI lo0

fe80::%en6/64 link#6 UCI en6

fe80::c02:7c0f:52a1:d528%en6 ff:fa:0:0:78:86 UHLI lo0

fe80::%awdl0/64 link#8 UCI awdl0

fe80::e00e:6dff:fef9:e630%awdl0 e2:e:6d:f9:e6:30 UHLI lo0

fe80::%utun0/64 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 UcI utun0

fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 link#10 UHLI lo0

fe80::%utun1/64 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 UcI utun1

fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 link#11 UHLI lo0

ff01::%lo0/32 ::1 UmCI lo0

ff01::%en0/32 link#4 UmCI en0

ff01::%en6/32 link#6 UmCI en6

ff01::%awdl0/32 link#8 UmCI awdl0

ff01::%utun0/32 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 UmCI utun0

ff01::%utun1/32 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 UmCI utun1

ff02::%lo0/32 ::1 UmCI lo0

ff02::%en0/32 link#4 UmCI en0

ff02::%en6/32 link#6 UmCI en6

ff02::%awdl0/32 link#8 UmCI awdl0

ff02::%utun0/32 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 UmCI utun0

ff02::%utun1/32 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 UmCI utun1

方法1：添加路由:macbook$ sudo route add -net 10.1.1.1/32 192.168.1.1

Password:

add net 10.1.1.1: gateway 192.168.1.1

查看当前路由表:macbook$ netstat -nr

Routing tables

Internet:

Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire

default 192.168.1.1 UGSc 23 5 en0

10.1.1.1/32 192.168.1.1 UGSc 0 0 en0

127 127.0.0.1 UCS 0 0 lo0

127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH 1 1699 lo0

169.254 link#4 UCS 0 0 en0

169.254 link#6 UCSI 1 0 en6

169.254.89.143/32 link#6 UCS 0 0 en6

192.168.1 link#4 UCS 1 0 en0

192.168.1.1/32 link#4 UCS 1 0 en0

192.168.1.1 f4:ec:38:1e:ea:52 UHLWIir 22 210 en0 1000

192.168.1.101/32 link#4 UCS 1 0 en0

192.168.1.101 48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd UHLWI 0 4 lo0

192.168.1.104 7c:b2:32:70:33:5c UHLWIi 1 2 en0 1166

224.0.0/4 link#4 UmCS 2 0 en0

224.0.0/4 link#6 UmCSI 0 0 en6

224.0.0.251 1:0:5e:0:0:fb UHmLWI 0 0 en0

239.255.255.250 1:0:5e:7f:ff:fa UHmLWI 0 3 en0

255.255.255.255/32 link#4 UCS 0 0 en0

255.255.255.255/32 link#6 UCSI 0 0 en6

Internet6:

Destination Gateway Flags Netif Expire

default fe80::%utun1 UGcI utun1

::1 ::1 UHL lo0

fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f::/64 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 Uc utun0

fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f:f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70 link#10 UHL lo0

fe80::%lo0/64 fe80::1%lo0 UcI lo0

fe80::1%lo0 link#1 UHLI lo0

fe80::%en0/64 link#4 UCI en0

fe80::ca3:96a0:7113:b973%en0 48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd UHLI lo0

fe80::%en6/64 link#6 UCI en6

fe80::c02:7c0f:52a1:d528%en6 ff:fa:0:0:78:86 UHLI lo0

fe80::%awdl0/64 link#8 UCI awdl0

fe80::e00e:6dff:fef9:e630%awdl0 e2:e:6d:f9:e6:30 UHLI lo0

fe80::%utun0/64 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 UcI utun0

fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 link#10 UHLI lo0

fe80::%utun1/64 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 UcI utun1

fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 link#11 UHLI lo0

ff01::%lo0/32 ::1 UmCI lo0

ff01::%en0/32 link#4 UmCI en0

ff01::%en6/32 link#6 UmCI en6

ff01::%awdl0/32 link#8 UmCI awdl0

ff01::%utun0/32 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 UmCI utun0

ff01::%utun1/32 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 UmCI utun1

ff02::%lo0/32 ::1 UmCI lo0

ff02::%en0/32 link#4 UmCI en0

ff02::%en6/32 link#6 UmCI en6

ff02::%awdl0/32 link#8 UmCI awdl0

ff02::%utun0/32 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 UmCI utun0

ff02::%utun1/32 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 UmCI utun1

方法二:添加路由:

macbook$ sudo route add -net 10.1.1.2 -netmask 255.255.255.255 192.168.1.1

add net 10.1.1.2: gateway 192.168.1.1

查看路由表:macbook$ netstat -nr

Routing tables

Internet:

Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire

default 192.168.1.1 UGSc 21 5 en0

10.1.1.1/32 192.168.1.1 UGSc 0 0 en0

10.1.1.2/32 192.168.1.1 UGSc 0 0 en0

127 127.0.0.1 UCS 0 0 lo0

127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH 1 1699 lo0

169.254 link#4 UCS 0 0 en0

169.254 link#6 UCSI 1 0 en6

169.254.89.143/32 link#6 UCS 0 0 en6

192.168.1 link#4 UCS 2 0 en0

192.168.1.1/32 link#4 UCS 1 0 en0

192.168.1.1 f4:ec:38:1e:ea:52 UHLWIir 21 224 en0 962

192.168.1.101/32 link#4 UCS 1 0 en0

192.168.1.101 48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd UHLWI 0 4 lo0

192.168.1.104 7c:b2:32:70:33:5c UHLWI 0 2 en0 1128

224.0.0/4 link#4 UmCS 2 0 en0

224.0.0/4 link#6 UmCSI 0 0 en6

224.0.0.251 1:0:5e:0:0:fb UHmLWI 0 0 en0

239.255.255.250 1:0:5e:7f:ff:fa UHmLWI 0 3 en0

255.255.255.255/32 link#4 UCS 0 0 en0

255.255.255.255/32 link#6 UCSI 0 0 en6

Internet6:

Destination Gateway Flags Netif Expire

default fe80::%utun1 UGcI utun1

::1 ::1 UHL lo0

fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f::/64 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 Uc utun0

fdf7:a4c1:cda:e04f:f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70 link#10 UHL lo0

fe80::%lo0/64 fe80::1%lo0 UcI lo0

fe80::1%lo0 link#1 UHLI lo0

fe80::%en0/64 link#4 UCI en0

fe80::ca3:96a0:7113:b973%en0 48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd UHLI lo0

fe80::%en6/64 link#6 UCI en6

fe80::c02:7c0f:52a1:d528%en6 ff:fa:0:0:78:86 UHLI lo0

fe80::%awdl0/64 link#8 UCI awdl0

fe80::e00e:6dff:fef9:e630%awdl0 e2:e:6d:f9:e6:30 UHLI lo0

fe80::%utun0/64 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 UcI utun0

fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 link#10 UHLI lo0

fe80::%utun1/64 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 UcI utun1

fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 link#11 UHLI lo0

ff01::%lo0/32 ::1 UmCI lo0

ff01::%en0/32 link#4 UmCI en0

ff01::%en6/32 link#6 UmCI en6

ff01::%awdl0/32 link#8 UmCI awdl0

ff01::%utun0/32 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 UmCI utun0

ff01::%utun1/32 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 UmCI utun1

ff02::%lo0/32 ::1 UmCI lo0

ff02::%en0/32 link#4 UmCI en0

ff02::%en6/32 link#6 UmCI en6

ff02::%awdl0/32 link#8 UmCI awdl0

ff02::%utun0/32 fe80::f4d3:8e83:6ac7:4c70%utun0 UmCI utun0

ff02::%utun1/32 fe80::593a:c424:495:3b05%utun1 UmCI utun1

2、设置DNS

指定DNS服务器

配置命令:macbook$ networksetup -setdnsservers [dns2] [...]

示例:macbook$ sudo networksetup -setdnsservers Wi-Fi 114.114.114.114 114.114.114.115

不指定DNS地址参数时，清空配置DNS服务器:macbook$ sudo networksetup -setdnsservers Wi-Fi

查看当前配置的DNS服务器

方法一：查看手动指定的DNS服务器地址

命令:

macbook$ networksetup -getdnsservers 注意：此命令只能查看手动指定的DNS服务器地址，无法查看到由DHCP获得的DNS地址！

示例：macbook$ sudo networksetup -getdnsservers Wi-Fi

方法二: 查看由DHCP配置的DNS地址

命令：macbook$ ipconfig getpacket interface-name

此命令用以查看从DHCP获得的相关网络配置信息，同时也包含DNS配置信息！

示例：macbook$ sudo ipconfig getpacket en0

Password:

op = BOOTREPLY

htype = 1

flags = 0

hlen = 6

hops = 0

xid = 0x1da0b2e6

secs = 0

ciaddr = 0.0.0.0

yiaddr = 192.168.1.101

siaddr = 0.0.0.0

giaddr = 0.0.0.0

chaddr = 48:d7:5:cb:7d:bd

sname =

file =

options:

Options count is 7

dhcp_message_type (uint8): ACK 0x5

server_identifier (ip): 192.168.1.1

lease_time (uint32): 0xffffffff

subnet_mask (ip): 255.255.255.0

router (ip_mult): {192.168.1.1}

domain_name_server (ip_mult): {114.114.114.114, 114.114.115.115}

end (none):

3、清除DNS缓存

OS X 10.9 (Mavericks):macbook$ dscacheutil -flushcache; sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder

OS X 10.10 (Yosemite):macbook$ sudo discoveryutil udnsflushcaches

Versions 10.10.4+:macbook$ sudo dscacheutil -flushcache;sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder

OS X 10.11 (El Capitan) and OS X 10.12 (Sierra):macbook$ sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder

OS X 10.12.4:macbook$ sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder; sudo killall mDNSResponderHelper; sudo dscacheutil -flushcache;

推荐教程：《MacOS教程》