ARPANET
1.1
WANWide Area NetworkMANMetropolitan Area NetworkLANLocal Area NetworkANAccess Network
1.2
1.2
Broadcasting Network Unicast Multicast BroadcastPoint to Point Network1.2 1.2.2
1.3
1. Bus Topology
1.3.2 1.3
2. Star Topology 1.3
3. Ring Topology1.81.3
4. Tree Topology
1.3
5. 1.3
:1.4
1.4
1.5
1. 1.5
1.5 !
1.6
1.
2.2 ISO/OSIApplicationPresentationsessiontransportPhysicalData LinkNetwork7654321
2.2 ISO/OSI
() 2.2 ISO/OSI
2.
2.2 ISO/OSI
, , 3.
2.2 ISO/OSI
, 4.
2.2 ISO/OSI
,5.
2.2 ISO/OSI
6.
2.2 ISO/OSI
TelnetSMTPSNMPDNSHTTP 7.
2.2 ISO/OSI
1. OSI2.2 ISO/OSI
2.
Encapsulation2.2 ISO/OSI
2.3 TCP/IP
2.3 TCP/IP
1. 3.2
4UTP4
3.2
2.
UTPSTP3.2
1. 3.2
3.2
2. 3.2
3.2
1. 3.3
3.4
3.4 1.
3.4
2. 3.4
3.4
3. 3.5 1 T568B
12
23.5 T568AT568B
12
3.5
MDIXMDIN/AN/AMDIXMDIN/AN/A
4
4.1
4.4 PPP PPPPPPIETFPPP
5 IEE802IEEE 802
5.2 IEEE 802 IEEE 802
5.3
7 1.
7.1 2.
7.2
1. 7.2 MAC
7.2
8 IP
8.1 IP
3. IP8.1 IP A B C D E
1. ID0IP102.0.0.0137.1.0.0197.10.1.0ABC2. IPID1IP 8.1.3 IP8.1 IP
2. A127.0.0.0 127 IP127.0.0.0127.255.255.255IPloop back address127.0.0.1 8.1 IP
3. 0.0.0.00.0.0.0 8.1 IP
8-1 8.1 IP
Any0Any1127Any01
IPIPIP8.1 IP1.
2. 8.1 IP
28.1 IP
4. (VLSM) Fixed-Length Subnet Mask-FLSM30527IP30IPVariable-Length Subnet Mask-VLSM8.1 IP
5. CIDR CIDR(Classless Inter-Domain Routing)IP 8.1 IP
316C211.81.16.0211.81.17.0211.81.31.016CC255.255.255.0ID211.81.16.0255.255.240.08.7 8.1 IP
211.81.16.0 11010011 01010001 00010000 00000000211.81.17.0 11010011 01010000 00010001 00000000211.81.18.0 11010011 01010001 00010010 00000000211.81.31.0 11010011 01010001 00011111 00000000ID 11010011 01010001 0001xxxx xxxxxxxx 211.81.16.0 8.7
8.1 IP
1. 8.2 IPv6 ,X,:1254:dafe:45df:adbe:af24:bdf3:1210:eacd
9
BluetoothInternet9.1
Home RFIEEE 802.11Home RF/CSMA/CAHome RFTCP/IPHome RF2.4GHz1MHz2Mbps100m9.1
9.2 IEEE 802.11
1. Ad-Hoc9.2 IEEE 802.11
2. Infrastucture9.2 IEEE 802.11
12 ARPRARPARPIPMAC ARP IPMAC ARP
ARPARPMACARPARP12.1 ARP2. ARP
12.2 RARPMACIP RARPRARPMAC IP IPMAC RARPRARPMAC IP RARP
14
14.1 1. 2. 3. VLAN
14.2 2. RIPIGRPOSPFIS-ISEIGRP
14.3