python如何把程序写在子函数下,如何将函数应用于Python中的列表中的每个子列表？...

Lets say I have a list like this:

list_of_lists = [['how to apply'],['a function'],['to each list?']]

And I have a function let's say I want to apply the F function to each sublist of the F function can compute some score about two lists. How can apply this F function to each list of list_of_lists and return each score in a new list like this:

new_list = [score_1, score_2, score_3]

I tried with the map function the following:

map(F, list_of_lists).append(new_list)

解决方案

You can use the builtin map to do this.

So if the function you want to apply is len, you would do:

>>> list_of_lists = [['how to apply'],['a function'],['to each list?']]

>>> map(len, list_of_lists)

[1, 1, 1]

In Python3, the above returns a map iterator, so you will need an explicit list call:

>>> map(len, list_of_lists)

>>> list(map(len, list_of_lists))

[1, 1, 1]

If you are looking to write some code for this which has to be compatible in both Python2 and Python3, list comprehensions are the way to go. Something like:

[apply_function(item) for item in list_of_lists]

will work in both Python 2 and 3 without any changes.

However, if your input list_of_lists is huge, using map in Python3 would make more sense because the iterator will be much faster.