8种机械键盘轴体对比
本人程序员,要买一个写代码的键盘,请问红轴和茶轴怎么选?
处理包含子进程的脚本,假设您希望终止任意子进程,那么还需要停止这些脚本。trap 命令完成此操作。
子进程
以 & 运行的子进程,最为后台程序运行,父进程与子进程之间为异步
已直接方式运行子进程,此时子进程在前台运行,父进程与子进程之间为同步sleep 10 #等待10秒,再继续下一操作
sleep 10 & #当前shell不等待,后台子shell等待
trapUnix system by design doesn’t allow any script/program to trap SIGKILL due to security reasons.
Setting a trap for SIGKILL or SIGSTOP produces undefined results.
trap 捕捉到信号之后三种处理方式执行一段代码来处理信号 trap "commands" signal-list or trap 'commands' signal-list
接受信号的默认操作,即恢复信号默认操作 trap signal-list
忽视信号 trap "" signal-list
注意事项:SIGKILL SIGSTOP SIGSEGV SIGCONT不设置捕捉
在捕捉到signal-list中指定的信号并执行完相应的命令之后, 如果这些命令没有将shell程序终止的话,shell程序将继续执行收到信号时所执行的命令后面的命令,这样将很容易导致shell程序无法终止。
在trap语句中,单引号和双引号是不同的,当shell程序第一次碰到trap语句时,将把commands中的命令扫描一遍。此时若commands是用单引号括起来的话,那么shell不会对commands中的变量和命令进行替换
Example
全部使用同步方式#!/bin/bash
# trapchild
trap 'echo "[TRAP]I am going down, so killing off my processes.."; ps -a | grep sleep | xargs kill -9; wait; exit' SIGHUP SIGINT SIGQUIT SIGTERM SIGKILL
./a.sh
err=$?
if [ $err != 0 ]; then
echo 3 $err
exit 1
fi
echo "[TRAP]my process pid is: $$"
echo "[TRAP]my child pid list is: $pid"
wait#!/bin/bash
# trapchild
trap 'echo "[a]ash I am going down, so killing off my processes.."; ps -a | grep sleep | xargs kill -9; wait; exit' SIGHUP SIGINT SIGQUIT SIGTERM SIGKILL
sleep 120
echo 1 $?
if [ $? != 0 ]; then
echo 2 $?
exit 1
fi
pid="$!"
echo "[a]my process pid is: $$"
echo "[a]my child pid list is: $pid"
wait
执行trap.sh 之后会有三个进程$ ps -a
PID TTY TIME CMD
750 pts/5 00:00:00 trap.sh
751 pts/5 00:00:00 a.sh
752 pts/5 00:00:00 sleep
此时执行 kill -15 750 或 kill-15 751 不会起作用,只有执行 kill -15 752 才会起作用,但是 trap 不会触发
使用异步方式#!/bin/bash
# trapchild
trap 'echo "[TRAP]I am going down, so killing off my processes.."; ps -a | grep sleep | xargs kill -9; wait; exit' SIGHUP SIGINT SIGQUIT SIGTERM SIGKILL
./a.sh &
err=$?
if [ $err != 0 ]; then
echo 3 $err
exit 1
fi
echo "[TRAP]my process pid is: $$"
echo "[TRAP]my child pid list is: $pid"
wait#!/bin/bash
# trapchild
trap 'echo "[a]ash I am going down, so killing off my processes.."; ps -a | grep sleep | xargs kill -9; wait; exit' SIGHUP SIGINT SIGQUIT SIGTERM SIGKILL
sleep 120 &
echo 1 $?
if [ $? != 0 ]; then
echo 2 $?
exit 1
fi
pid="$!"
echo "[a]my process pid is: $$"
echo "[a]my child pid list is: $pid"
wait
执行trap.sh 之后会有三个进程$ ps -a
PID TTY TIME CMD
750 pts/5 00:00:00 trap.sh
751 pts/5 00:00:00 a.sh
752 pts/5 00:00:00 sleep
如果执行 kill -15 752,不会触发 trap 直接退出$ ./trap.sh
[TRAP]my process pid is: 2163
[TRAP]my child pid list is:
1 0
[a]my process pid is: 2164
[a]my child pid list is: 2165
如果执行 kill -15 751,触发 a.sh trap$ ./trap.sh
[TRAP]my process pid is: 2324
[TRAP]my child pid list is:
1 0
[a]my process pid is: 2325
[a]my child pid list is: 2326
[a]ash I am going down, so killing off my processes..
kill: failed to parse argument: 'pts/5'
如果执行 kill -15 750,触发 trap.sh trap$ ./trap.sh
[TRAP]my process pid is: 2487
[TRAP]my child pid list is:
1 0
[a]my process pid is: 2488
[a]my child pid list is: 2489
[TRAP]I am going down, so killing off my processes..
other
当脚本直接同步、异步混合使用时需要考虑周全,详细测试
Ref