monogdb+php,mongodb+php学习1

Linux的话，则mongod --config /etc/mongodb.conf

2 停止server

db.shutdownServer()

3 常用操作:

use myfirstdb

插入db

db.movies.insert({name:"Source Code", genre:"sci-fi", year:2011})

查找所有记录

db.movies.find()

4 php 5.2 mongo driver下载：

http://downloads.mongodb.org/mongo-latestphp5.2vc6ts.

zip

5.3 mongo driver下载：

http://downloads.mongodb.org/mongo-latest-php5.3vc6ts.zip

把DLL复制到extension目录，然后

extension=php_mongo.dll即可

5 列出当前数据库的php mongodb程序

try{

$mongo = new Mongo(); //create a connection to MongoDB

$databases = $mongo->listDBs(); //List all databases

echo '';

print_r($databases);

$mongo->close();

} catch(MongoConnectionException $e) {

//handle connection error

die($e->getMessage());

}

?>

如果是连接时用不同的端口，构造函数中用：

$mongo = new Mongo($server="mongodb://localhost:8888");

也可以指定timeout的策略；

try {

$mongo = new Mongo($options=array('timeout'=> 100))

} catch(MongoConnectionException $e) {

die("Failed to connect to database ".$e->getMessage());

}

6 通过PHP保存对象到mongo db中

$connection = new Mongo();

$database   = $connection->selectDB('myblogsite');

$collection = $database->selectCollection('articles');

$article               = array();

$article['title']      = $_POST['title'];

$article['content']    = $_POST['content'];

$article['saved_at'] = new MongoDate();

$collection->insert($article);

注意的是，默认不用显式create database即可，如果不存在则会自动

新建立database,也可以：

$connection = new Mongo();

$collection = $connection->myblogsite->articles;

mongodb的插入是异步的，如果不想异步，可以这样；

try {

$status = $connection->insert(array('title' => 'Blog Title',

'content' => 'Blog Content'),

array('safe' => True));

echo "Insert operation complete";

} catch (MongoCursorException $e) {

die("Insert failed ".$e->getMessage());

}

则必须等插入完成后才返回给用户，继续执行下一条语句

也可以指定timeout的策略：

$collection->insert($document, array('safe' => True,

'timeout' => True));

7 设置自己的自增id

$document = array('_id' => hash('sha1', $username.time()),

将设置id为username后加上当前时间再hash.

8 日期设置

$article['saved_at'] = new MongoDate();

$timestamp = new MongoDate(strtotime('2011-05-21 12:00:00'));

print date('g:i a, F j', $timestamp->sec); //prints 12 pm, May 21

$lastweek = new MongoDate(strtotime('-1 week'));  //找出一个星期以来的记录

$cursor = $articleCollection->find(array('saved_at' =>

array('$gt' => $lastweek)));

指定一定范围内的记录：

$start = new MongoDate(strtotime('2011-05-01 00:00:00'));

$end = new MongoDate(strtotime('2011-05-31 23:59:59'));

$articleCollection->find(array('saved_at'=>

array('$gte' => $start,

'$lte' => $end)));

9 列出某个表的所有记录

$cursor = $collection->find();

hasNext()):

$article = $cursor->getNext(); ?>

............

找某条记录：$article = $collection->findOne(array('_id'=>

new MongoId($id)));

查找时也可以传入多个参数：

$moviesCollection->find(array('genre' => 'comedy', 'year' => 2011));

if ($cursor->count() === 0)  //如果找不到

如果查询多个条件：

$collection->find(array('x' => array('$gt' => 100)));

//$ is escaped within double quotes (")

$collection->find(array('x' => array("\$gt" => 100)));

注意要用单引号，如果要用双引号，则要加上转义符。

10 排序：

$cursor->sort(array('saved_at' => -1)) //按save_at字段降序排列，1为升序

11 skip和limit:

$cursor = $articleCollection->find();

//skip the first five articles in the cursor

$cursor->skip(5);

$cursor->limit(10);//结果集只取10条

12 更新数据库

$articleCollection->update(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)),

$article);

第一个参数为指定的条件(更新条件)，第二个参数为要更新的对象

还有可选参数如下；

$collection->update($criteria, $newobj, array('safe' => True));

safe=true时，等到UPDATE结束才返回结果

mongodb还支持upsert的操作：如果存在则更新，如果不存在则插入

$users->update(array('email' => 'alice@wonderland.com'),

array('firstname' => 'Alice', 'lastname'=> 'Liddell'),

array('upsert' => True));

这里对email为alice@wonderland.com的记录进行更新其firstname,lastname字段的内容

13 修饰符

比如set,只修改记录的某个部分，可以这样：

$articles->update(array('_id' => MongoId('4dcd2abe5981')),

array('$set' => array('title' => 'New

Title')));

使用inc:

$articles->update(array('_id' => MongoId('4dcd2abe5981')),

array('$set' => array('content' => 'New Content'),

'$inc' => array('update_count' => 1)));

将update_count+1

unset:

$articles->update(array('_id' => MongoId('4dcd2abe5981')),

array('$unset' => array('title' => True)));

将title field从这个document中移除

更名rename:

$articles->update(array(),

array('$rename' => array('saved_at' =>

'created_at')),

array('multiple' => True));

将save_at更名为create_at

14 删除记录

$articleCollection->remove(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)));

$movies->remove(array('genre' =>'drama'),

array('justOne' => True));

如果加了justOne的参数，则只删除符合条件的一条记录而已，其他不删除

15 document的关系

1)嵌套

{

"_id" : ObjectId("4dd491695072aefc456c9aca"),

"username" : "alphareplicant",

"email" : "roybatty@androids.org",

"fullname" : "Roy Batty",

"joined_at" : ISODate("2011-05-19T03:41:29.703Z"),

"address" : {

"street" : "13 Tannhauser Gate",

"city" : "Caprica",

"state" : "CC",

"zipcode" : 512

},

}

2)引用

{

_id : ObjectId("4dcd2abe5981aec801010000"),

title : "The only perfect site is hind-site",

content : "Loren ipsum dolor sit amet…",

saved_at : ISODate('2011-05-16T18:42:57.949Z'),

author_id : ObjectId("4dd491695072aefc456c9aca")

}

3)比如一个一对多的关系：

比如一个文章下的评论：

$comment = array(

'name' => $_POST['commenter_name'],

'email' => $_POST['commenter_email'],

'comment' => $_POST['comment'],

'posted_at' => new MongoDate()

);

$collection->update(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)),

array('$push' => array('comments' =>

$comments)));

使用的是$push的修饰符，一般来说，用内嵌的document效率比较高

或者：

$article = $articleCollection->findOne(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)));

$comments = (isset($article['comments'])) ? $article['comments'] : array();

$comment = array(

'name' => $_POST['commenter_name'],

'email' => $_POST['commenter_email'],

'comment' => $_POST['comment'],

'posted_at' => new MongoDate()

);

array_push($comments, $comment);

$articleCollection->update(array('_id' => new MongoId($id)), array('$set' => array('comments' =>

$comments)));

使用.号来查询子嵌套文档

{

name : "Gordon Freeman",

address : {

city : "Springfield",

state : "Florida"

}

}

{

name : "Lara Croft",

address : {

city : "Miami",

state: "Florida"

}

}

则查询address中state为florida的document:

$users->find(array('address.city' => 'Springfield',

'address.state' => 'Florida'));