python如何创建一个列表,在python中创建一个由列表索引的字典

I would like to create a dictionary which is indexed by lists. For instance, my dictionary should look like:

D = {[1,2,3]:1, [2,3]:3}

Anyone know how to do this? If I just type D([1,2,3]) = 1 it returns an error.

解决方案

dict keys must be hashable, which lists are not becase they are mutable. You can change a list after you make it. Think of how tricky it would be to try to keep a dict when the data used as keys changes; it doesn't make any sense. Imagine this scenario

>>> foo = [1, 2]

>>> bar = {foo: 3}

>>> foo.append(4)

and you will see why Python does not try to support lists as keys.

The most obvious solution is to use tuples instead of lists as keys.

>>> d = {[1, 2, 3]: 1, [2, 3]: 3}

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

TypeError: unhashable type: 'list'

>>> d = {(1, 2, 3): 1, (2, 3): 3}

>>> d

{(2, 3): 3, (1, 2, 3): 1}

>>> d[2, 3]

3