JavaEE——Spring4--（9）Spring的事务管理（注解方式）-CSDN博客

用来确保数据的完整性和一致性.
事务的四个关键属性(ACID)
原子性(atomicity): 事务是一个原子操作, 由一系列动作组成. 事务的原子性确保动作要么全部完成要么完全不起作用.
一致性(consistency): 一旦所有事务动作完成, 事务就被提交. 数据和资源就处于一种满足业务规则的一致性状态中.
隔离性(isolation): 可能有许多事务会同时处理相同的数据, 因此每个事物都应该与其他事务隔离开来, 防止数据损坏.
持久性(durability): 一旦事务完成, 无论发生什么系统错误, 它的结果都不应该受到影响. 通常情况下, 事务的结果被写到持久化存储器中.

1.基于注解的

导入相应的jar包 mysql C3P0 和Spring的AOP的

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--扫描包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="jdbc"></context:component-scan>

    <!--导入资源文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

    <!--配置C3P0数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>

        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置Spring的JDBCTemplate-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

　相应的db.properties

jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=1234
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_person

jdbc.initPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10

首先配置组件扫描

<context:component-scan base-package="jdbc"></context:component-scan>

在xml配置了这个标签后，spring可以自动去扫描base-pack下面或者子包下面的java文件，如果扫描到有@Component @Controller@Service等这些注解的类，则把这些类注册为bean

再写出连接数据库后需要做的事情（增删改查）

1.写增删改查的接口

package jdbc.transactionManager;

public interface BookShopDAO {

    //根据书号获取单价
    public double findPriceByIsbn(String isbn);

    //更新书的库存，使书号对应的库存-1
    public void updateBookStock(String isbn);

    //更新账户余额   使username的balance-price
    public void updateUserAccount(String username, double price);
}

　　实现增删改查接口

记得在实现的类上标上注解@Repository("bookShopDAO")

还有 @Autowired

package jdbc.transactionManager;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository("bookShopDAO")
public class BookShopDAOImpl implements BookShopDAO {

    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Override
    public double findPriceByIsbn(String isbn) {
        String sql = "SELECT price FROM book WHERE isbn = ?";
        return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Double.class, isbn);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateBookStock(String isbn) {
        //要检查书的库存是否足够，不够的话，要抛出异常
        String sql2 = "SELECT stock FROM book_stock WHERE isbn = ?";
        int stock = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql2, Integer.class, isbn);
        if(stock == 0){
            throw new BookStockException("库存不足");
        }

        String sql = "UPDATE book_stock SET stock = stock - 1 WHERE isbn = ?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, isbn);
    }

    @Override
    public void updateUserAccount(String username, double price) {
        //要检查用户的余额，不够的话，要抛出异常
        String sql2 = "SELECT balance FROM account WHERE username = ?";
        double balance = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql2, Double.class, username);
        if(balance <= price){
            throw new UserAccountException("余额不足");
        }

        String sql = "UPDATE account SET balance = balance - ? WHERE username = ?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql, price, username);
    }
}

注意判断条件，若不符合条件的抛出异常

自己定义的异常首先要继承RunTimeException 然后写全部的构造器

package jdbc.transactionManager;

public class BookStockException extends RuntimeException {


    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    
    
    public BookStockException() {
    }

    public BookStockException(String message) {
        super( message );
    }

    public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super( message, cause );
    }

    public BookStockException(Throwable cause) {
        super( cause );
    }

    public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
        super( message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace );
    }
}

　　进行查询购买

1.先写购买的接口

package jdbc.transactionManager;

public interface BookShopService {
    //顾客买书
    public void purchase(String username, String isbn);
}

2.在实现该接口在实现该购买接口时，注意在对应的方法上面添上事务注解@Transactional

这样购买的流程就会成为一个事务，当余额或库存不足时，不会完成事务，会发生回滚

package jdbc.transactionManager;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Service("bookShopService")
public class BookShopServiceImpl implements BookShopService{


    @Autowired
    private BookShopDAO bookShopDAO;

    //添加事务注解
    @Transactional
    @Override
    public void purchase(String username, String isbn) {

        //获取书的单价
        double price = bookShopDAO.findPriceByIsbn(isbn);

        //更新书的库存
        bookShopDAO.updateBookStock(isbn);

        //更新用户的余额
        bookShopDAO.updateUserAccount(username, price);
    }
}

　　注意还要在xml中进行事务配置

    <!--配置事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--启用事务注解-->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

　完整的xml配置文件如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--扫描包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="jdbc"></context:component-scan>

    <!--导入资源文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

    <!--配置C3P0数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>

        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置Spring的JDBCTemplate-->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--配置事务管理器-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--启用事务注解-->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

</beans>

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/SkyeAngel/p/8306328.html